..**v. .(>"" f T I Tl f~ T 1 f i! ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS VOLUME XLII, 1931 HENRY SKINNER 1861-1926 29658J \* OM-.; ' PHILIP P. CALVERT, PH. D., EDITOR ASSOCIATE EDITORS : E. T. CRESSON, JR. R. G. SCHMIEDER, PH. D. ADVISORY COMMITTEE : PHILIP LAURENT J. A. G. REHN CHARLES LIEBECK JOHN C. LUTZ J. CHESTER BRADLEY, PH. D. MAX KISLIUK, JR. FRANK MORTON JONES \\".M. W. CHAPMAN PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY, PHILADELPHIA, PA.: THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES LOGAN SQUARE 1931 /^ The several numbers of the NEWS for 1931 were mailed at the Post Office at Philadelphia, Pa., as follows: No. 1 January January 13, 1931 " 2 February January 29 " 3 March .March 6 " 4 April April 1 " 5 May April 30 " 6 June June 3 " 7 July July 2 " 8 October October 5 " 9 November Novembers The date of mailing the December, 1931, number will be announced on the last page of the issue for January, 1932. Subscriptions for 1931 are now payable. JANUARY, 1931 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS Vol. XLII No. 1 HKNRY SKINNEK 1861-1926 CONTENTS Macy A New Oregon Butterfly (Lepid. Lycaenidae ).. . . 1 Rodeck Unusual Numbers of Diapheromera veliei Walsh (Orthoptera: Phasmidae) Cresson Notes on the Abstersa-Group of the Genus Tephritis, and a Description of a New Species from California (Dipt. : Trypetiihc Barber Change of Address Cole Typha Insects and their Parasites Leussler A New Melitaea from Oregon (Lep. Nymphalidae) . 11' Payne Food Requirements for the Pupation of Two Coleopterous Larvae, Synchroa punctata Newm. and Dendroides canadensis Lee. (Melandryidae, Pvrocl> 13 O'Byrne A Recent Occurrence of Catopsilia philea Joh. in Missouri (Lepid. Pieridae) Smith An Additional Annotated List of the Ants of Mississippi < Ilyni. : Formicoidea) Rau The Night Flight of Diurnal Butterflies (Lepid.).. Adams Collection of Diptera Reinhard A New- Species of Two-winged Fly belonging to tl' Acronarista (Diptera: Tachinidae) Marston Dynastes tityus Linn, in Delaware (Coleop.: Wiesmann The Composition of the Head of Insects. Additions to the Index to Vol. \L1, 1930.. . . Entomological Literature PHILADELPHIA, PA. THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Logan Square Entered at the Philadelphia, Pa., Post Office as Second Class Matter. Acceptance for mailing at the special rate of postage prescribed for in Section 1 Act of October 3. iqiy. authorized January 15, ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS published monthly, excepting August and September, by The American Entomological Society. Philip P. Calvert, Ph.D., Editor; E. T. Cresson, Jr., R. G. Sthmieder.Ph.D., Associate Editors ; John C. Lutz, Business Manager. Advisory Committee : Philip Laurent, J. A. G Rehn, Chas. Liebeck, J. Chester Bradley, Ph.D., Frank Morton Jones, John C. Lutz, Max Kisliuk, Jr., Wm. W. Chapman. 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Communications on observations made in the course of your studies are solicited; also exhibits of any specimens you consider of interest. The printer of the "News" will furnish reprints of articles over and above the twenty- five given free at the following rates: One or two pages, twenty-five copies. 35 cents; three or four pages, twenty-five copies, 70 cents; five to eight pages, twenty-five copies, $1.40; nine to twelve pages, twenty-five copies, $2.00; each half-tone plate, twenty-five copies, 30 cents; each plate of line cuts, twenty-five copies, 25 cents; greater numbers of copies will be at the corresponding multiples of these rates. ENT. NEWS, VOL XLII. Plate I. PLEBEJUS MARICOPA FENDERI.-MACY. ^ENTOMOLOGICAL N E WS VOL. XLII. JANUARY, 1931 No. 1 A New Oregon Butterfly (Lepid. Lycaenidae). RALPH W. MACY, University of .Minnesota, Minneapolis. (Plate I). For several seasons the writer has noted a small colony of large Blues flying about an isolated patch of Lnpiinis on a hill- side six miles south-west of McMinnville, Oregon. These but- terflies apparently are of a new race so I shall name it for my good friend, Mr. K. P. Fender, an enthusiastic collector. Plebejus maricopa fenderi, f. n. $. Under surface: Primaries. Uniform bluish-gray with a very slightly heavier powdering of blue in the basal area. A semi-lunate black spot occurs at the apex of the discal cell. In the limbal area other black spots form two crescent-shaped rows of which the outer is much the less distinct even nearly absent in one case. One each, of the spots of the inner row, occurs between the veins R 4+5 and MI, MI and M-. M- and M :: , Al- and Ctii, and Cui and Ciii>. Two smaller spots occur between Cuo and 2nd A. Of the spots of the outer row. one each occurs between the same veins except that there is only one between Cu^ and 2nd A, and none between R 4+ r, and MI. Secondaries. Ground color same as that of the primaries except that the basal area is much more heavily sprinkled with blue. There is a continuation of the two rows of spots of the primaries, with spots located as follows : Inner row : one each between veins Sc + RI and R, R* and M 1( MI and M-, M- and M :; , M :! and Ciii, Cu\ and Cu-, and two smaller ones be- tween Cu L . and 2nd A. ( hiter ro\v: OIK- each between Sc |- K i and Rs, R. and M,, M, and M L ., M^ and M :; . M : , and Cn,. Cui and Cu 2 , and Cu L . and 2nd A. In addition, there is an indistinct spot near the base of cell RI. The semi-Innate spot at the apex of the discal cell is much less distinct than it is in the front wing. 1 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '31 Upper Surface. Blue, shading into a broad, dark -gray mar- ginal border. The blue scales tend to be scattering. $ . Under Surface : Primaries. The markings are the same as in the male except slightly heavier. Secondaries. Light creamy-tan. All of the spots are much heavier but are arranged as in the male, with these exceptions : the two spots of the inner row between Cu^ and 2nd A are fused, and there is a distinct dark spot in the basal area be- tween veins 2nd A and 3rd A. Upper Surface: Bronze, shading into a dark-gray border on the outer margin. A fairly distinct semi-lunate spot occurs at the apex of the discal cell of the fore wing. Both sexes have a fine black line extending along the edges of the outer margins of the hind wings, and there is a white fringe on both wings. Expanse: males, 31mm.; females, 31 to 33mm. Type : 9 , Plate I, fig. 2. Allotype : $ , fig. 3. Paratypcs : 1 $ , 1 $ , fig. 1. All taken by the author at a location six miles S.E. of McMinnville, OREGON, May 25, 1929, and are now in his collection. EXPLANATION OF PLATE I. Plebejus maricopa fenderi, f. n. Fig. 1. Paratype. Female, upper surface. Fig. 2. Type. Female, under surface. Fig. 3. Allotype. Male, upper surface. Unusual Numbers of Diapheromera veliei Walsh (Orth. : Phasmidae). The prairie walking stick, Diapheromera vclici Walsh, was found in almost incredible numbers on July 25, 1930, in the sandhill region just north of Hardin, Colorado. The vege- tation was literally covered with them and they were also num- erous on the ground. From one clump of red top grass about twelve inches in diameter the writer picked nine individuals, five of which were females and four males. Over the entire area the males and females seemed to be in approximately equal numbers. Many were copulating. The insects were ob- served to cover an area of nearly a mile square and probably could have been found in these numbers over a much larger area. HUGO G. RODECK, University of Colorado, Boulder, Col. xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS Notes on the Abstersa-Group of the Genus Tephritis, and a Description of a New Species from California ( Diptera : Trypetidae). By EZRA T. CRESSDX, JR. In determining some material submitted by Mr. K. L. \Yolff of the California Horticultural Commission, collected by him and his associates in their work on the insects of the cocklelmrr. Xanthhun canadcnsis, two interesting species of this genus \\ encountered. One of these proved to be a specie described from California in 1868, but has since been considered a syno- nym of a well-known eastern species. The other is here- de- scribed as new. TEPHRITIS ABSTERSA (Loew) 1862. Trypcta ctbstersa Loew, Berl. Ent. Zeit., vi, p. (Cent., II, 77.) 1873. Trypcta abstcrsa Loew, Mon. Dipt. No, Am., iii. p. . pi. 11, fig. 7. (Urellia.) This species is typical of a group in the genus Tcplintis, particularly characteristic in having the radiation of the in- fuscated area of the wings producing two hyaline costal wedges in the marginal cell, two in the apex of submarginal cell. one in apex of first posterior and three in the second posterior cells ; a small drop in the apex of the marginal cell is also character- istic and appears to be constant, as I have no records of its absence. The ray to the almost hyaline stigma is narrow and extends from the anterior crossvein to the tip of the lir>t vein : the inferior basal portion'^of the wing> i> more or less distinctly maculated. This species was originally described from "Anier. boreal.". probably from Eastern United States. It is entirely yellow with some infuscation on the thorax and apical portions of ibe abdo- minal segments; the third antennal segment in both sexes i- yellow, scarcely longer than broad, rounded apicalK : tin- tat scarcely longer than broad, and the nie-onotum i> M-arcely darker than the humeri. The wing i> we'll figured by Loew. Ju his redcscription of this species in 1S~.\ Loew included 4 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '31 material from Cuba which he supposed to be the same species, but it is probable that this was not the case. He states that "they are somewhat smaller, have a more extended blackish coloring, and the incomplete gray reticulation of the proximal half of the wing is considerably darker towards the posterior margin." Of this species I have seen material from: Swarthmore, Pennsylvania, August 5, 1906 [!es <>i fourth to sixth abdominal segments black; ovipositor segment conical, turgid and polished black. Type. Male: Pomona, California, (K. L. Wolff; September 12, 1930), [A.N.S.P., no. 6390]. Paratypes.Z $ , 49 : topo- typical. \$, Visalia, California, (Culbertson) ; [A. N. S. \\\ Two males in poor condition from Lemon Cone, Tulare County, California, 500 ft. alt., (J. C. Bradley; July l '-ll, 1907), [Cornell], are apparently conspi-cific with the above type series. Change of Address H. G. BARBER, Roselle, X. Y.. to 2222 Que St., N. W., Washington, D. C. 6 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '31 Typha Insects and their Parasites. By A. C. COLE, JR. Ohio State University, Columbus. Very little has been written concerning the insect fauna in- habiting Typha, or cat-tails. The most complete paper on the subject is that of Claassen ( 1921), in which he lists the species that he found under their respective orders and relates them, either directly or indirectly, to their environment. Several papers have been published on the taxonomy, morphology, and biology of the species considered individually. In order to con- duct an adequate survey of this group of insects many con- secutive years of study are required. Several of these species have secondary hosts and alternation of generations is not unlikely. This paper is merely a list of the insect fauna of Typha, together with habitat notes and a small amount of life-history data compiled after a four-year survey of the group. In view of the fact that Claassen discusses the biology of a great many of these insects, no attempt will be made here to consider this phase. Several areas were selected from each desirable locality in which to conduct the work. Such areas were, for the greater part, typical of that section of the country in which the insects lived. They were as follows : Monroe, Michigan The River Raisin, which flows through the town, is bordered on both of its banks by large areas of Typha latifolia. This proved to be an ideal collecting spot for the year of 1927. Due to a flood in the spring of 1928, which destroyed a large part of the plants and killed most of the in- sects, collecting in this region had to be almost entirely aban- doned. One mile east of Monroe one finds the shores of Lake Erie with its many acres of swampland. Such a location was especially well suited for this work inasmuch as most of the TypJiac were concentrated in large beds of pure stands of Typha latifolia. In the center of a wood within the town limits is a patch of Typha angustifolia which netted several additional insects. xlii, '31 j ENTOMOLOGICAL XKWS Bolle's Harbor, Michigan, located on the shore of Lake Eric and about five miles southeast of Monroe, made a compara- tively good collecting ground, although the proportion of Typha to other plants in the association was not large. < >nly Typha latifolia was to he found at this location. Columbus, Ohio, has a few small patches of cat-tail along one of its rivers, the ( Mentangy. These areas are small and somewhat isolated from other plants of the typical pond asso- ciation. St. Marys, Ohio Along the St. Marys River may be found several long areas of Typha latifolia in which one finds a num- ber of insects. The river is quite narrow throughout the length of its course and the collector may wade from one bank to the other. Roberts, Idaho Five miles north of this town the author collected a few cat-tail insects in a large swamp harboring Typha latifolia and Typha anyustifolia, in the summer of 1929. Bozeman, Montana --At approximately five miles north of the city of Bozeman is a patch of Typha latifolia from which a few insects were collected in the summer of 1929. Everglades, Florida Along the Tamiami Trail in southern Florida are huge areas of Typha latifolia and anyustifolia, in many cases intermingled. Insects were collected from this locality during the winter of 1930. Yankeetown, Florida, situated on the Gulf in Northwestern Florida has several cat-tail swamps nearby from which cat- tail insects were collected by the author during the winter of 1930. The greater part of the Typha at that point belongs to latifolia. The only plants taken into consideration in this study were the two species of Typha, namely, latifolia and anyustifolia. By far the greater portion of the insect fauna was reared from the former, this being the commonest species and the most succulent. In most cases the two species were found independ- ent of one another, but in several instances were intermingled. Typha is widely distributed throughout the t'nited States and is found most abundantly in pond associations. If is often the most common vegetation bordering inland lakes, and its 8 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '31 tall, swaying leaf-blades are not easily confused with other plants. The author confirms the statement of Claassen that "where cat-tails are not so abundant, a higher percentage of infesta- tion usually occurs, which renders it much easier to obtain material". Inasmuch as Typha insects for the greater part require moist, warm conditions for development, a duplication of these factors is essential for rearing the insects. From this study of cat-tail insects many interesting points have developed. For instance, in an article published by the author in ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS (1930) the stable fly has been reported parasitic on a large Lepidopterous borer in the stalks of Typha latifolia. This insect has rarely been recorded as a parasite. It has been reported by Breakey in the Annals of the Entomological Society of America for 1929 as parasitic on the iris borer, Macronoctua onusta Grote. Many Lepidopterous larvae found inhabiting TypJia have been confused with the European corn borer. Several of these larvae have been brought to Government laboratories, often by irate farmers who report cat-tail swamps as a source of all the corn borers infesting their nearby fields. The European corn borer has never been officially reported from Typha and the author has been unable to rear this species on any type of cat-tail. According to experiments and observations by the author the larvae will not feed on any part of the plant. With a very few exceptions cat-tail insects seem to be uni- versal in their distribution. According to the author's observa- tions the most common insect inhabiting Typha is Arsilonche albovenosa Goeze. This species has been recorded from a great many sections of the United States and from both species of Typha* * The author wishes to express his appreciation to Dr. D. M. DeLong, of the Ohio State University, for his advice and criticisms. Also to the following specialists of the U. S. National Museum, at Washington, D. C. : Dr. R. A. Cushman and Dr. A. B. Gahan, Hymenoptera ; Dr. J. M. Aldrich and Dr. C. T. Greene, Diptera; The late Dr. H. G. Dyar, Dr. Carl Heinrich and Dr. A. Busch, Lepidoptera ; Dr. E. A. Chapin, Cole- optera ; Dr. A. N. Caudell, Orthoptera ; Dr. P. W. Mason, Thysanoptera. xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS LEPIDOPTERA & PARASITES. (1) ARSILONCHE ALBOVENOSA Goeze. Two larvae were collected at Monroe, Michigan, July 10, 1927. Both of them pupated on July 13 and both emerged on August 1 ; one male and one female. The larvae were found feeding on the Typha leaves leaving only the midrib intact. From this species were reared, at Monroe, Michigan : (2) Blacus sp. and (3) Microhntcoir sp., larval parasites, and (4) Macrocentrus ancylivora Roh. and (5) Pimpla inquisitoriclla D. T., pupal parasites, all determined by R. A. Cushman of the U. S. National Museum. Twenty parasites emerged from a larva of albovcnosa, col- lected from the leaf of Typha latifolia, five miles north of Bozeman, Montana, on August 14, 1929. These were identified by R. A. Cushman as (6) Rogas stigmator Say. The host larva was found in a large patch of Typha latifolia which showed very little leaf damage. The new stalks were headed and the old stalks fire-burned. (7) Exorista larvarum L., determined by Dr. J. M. Aldrich, was collected from a larva of A. albovcnosa, ten miles north of Roberts, Idaho, on August 15, 1929. The insect was taken in the larval stage and it pupated externally. Its host larva was found on Typha latifolia. Numerous larvae of A. albovcnosa were collected on Typha angustifolia in the Everglades of Florida, February 28, 1930. Most of them were on or near the tips of the leaves of the old stalks only. No larvae were present on the young, immature stalks and they showed no damage. A few pupae of this insect were also collected from the exterior of mature stalks. A few larvae of A. albovcnosa were collected from the leaves of Typlia latifolia at Yankeetown, Florida, on March 6, 1930. Most of them were ready to undergo pupation and none of those collected were parasitized. (8) Alciodcs intermedium Cress, is reported by Claassen as parasitic on albovcnosa. (9) APATELA OBLINITA Abbot & Smith. Two larvae, col- lected on Typha leaves at Monroe, Michigan, July 15, 1927, pupated on August 21, and emerged as males on August 29. Two parasitized larvae were also collected, from which emerged (10) Sccliphron caementarium Drury* and (11) Casi- naria gcnuina Nort., both specimens determined by R. A. Cush- man. * Although a parasitic habit of this species has heretofore been unknown, the author reared it under isolated laboratory conditions during which there was no opportunity for error. 10 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '31 (12) ENDOTHAENIA HEBESANA Wlk. At Monroe, Michi- gan (1927) larvae were found feeding on the seeds of Typha latifolia. From sixteen larvae only twelve pupated and ten /'emerged. (13) A Microbracon sp. determined by R. A. Cush- man was collected in the larval stage. (14) LYMNAECIA PHRAGMITELLA Staint. Twenty larvae were collected in heads of Typha on July 16, 1927, at Monroe, Michigan, from which nineteen pupated and seventeen emerged. (15) Elachterinac sp. is reported by Claassen as a parasite of phragmitella. Parasites. Parasites of the various Typha insects are listed under their hosts. (16) COLEOPHARA sp. A great number of these small larvae were found burrowing in dried stalks of Typha latifolia at Monroe, Michigan, in the early spring of 1927. Their life history seems to correspond to that of Lymnaecia phragmitella Staint. as related by Claassen (1921). (17) NONAGRIA OBLONGA Grote. Three larvae were col- lected from overwintering stalks of Typha latifolia in a pond near the Olentangy River at Columbus, Ohio, December 31, 1929. They xvere all above the surface of the ice, varying in distance from one to six inches. They appeared to be quite dormant at the time of collecting. Eighteen stalks were Opened, only seven showing damage. Two more larvae were dissected out on January 19, 1930, from the same locality. Fifty stalks were opened, twelve showing damage. It seems that infesta- tion by this insect occurs among the smaller and younger plants and not in those which have headed. In only very few cases have full grown stalks been found attacked. The larvae col- lected were encased in ice and, inasmuch as the minimum tem- perature for the preceding night was 8 F. below zero, appear to be quite resistant to low temperatures providing they are within the stalks. If a larva be removed from the stalk and placed, exposed, on the surface of the ice, a quick drop from freezing to zero is sufficient to cause death. (18) A panicles eincitifonnis Yier. is reported by Claassen as a parasite of oblonga. (19) NONAGRIA SUBFLAVA Grote. Larvae of this insect were found feeding on leaves of Typha latifolia in the Florida Everglades on February 28, 1930. The leaves showed about 100% infestation. Several pupae and pupal cases were also found but the majority of the insects were in the larval stage. Holland gives a very good description of this insect in his Moth Book (1913). ' (20) ARCHANARA SUBCARNEA Kell. At Toledo, Ohio, on July 27, 1928, the author collected two larvae and two pupae xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 11 in stalks of Typha latifolia. An adult emerging from one of the pupae was determined by the late Dr. H. G. Dyar. From twenty larvae collected near Toledo, two species of parasites (21) Muscina stabulans Fall, and (22) Masiccnt scnilis Mg., were reared, both being determined by Dr. J. M. Aldrich. At Bolle's Harbor, Michigan, near Monroe, larvae and pupae of this insect were collected on August 16, 1928, from which also emerged specimens of Masiccra scnilis and Muscina stabulans. There seemed to be a heavy infestation of this insect near Toledo, Ohio, but near Monroe, Michigan, twenty miles north and on a mile stretch of Lake Erie only one individual was collected from approximately 1000 stalks. On December 27, 1928, a larva of A. subcarnca was taken from a stalk of Typli.t latifolia in a pond along the Olentangy River at Columbus, Ohio. Typha latifolia was examined at Saint Marys, Ohio, on July 29, 1928, and several pupae were found in the base of the stalks, some of them submerged in water. Adults reared from these specimens were determined as subcarnca by Dr. Dyar. Arzama obliqua Walk. This name is in all probability a synonym of Archanara subcarnca Kell. inasmuch as its descrip- tion and life-history as described by Claassen agree with the latter. (23) Stunnia nigrita Town. Reported by Claassen (1921). This insect is parasitic on the larvae of Arzama obliqua. One adult was reared at Roberts, Idaho, on August 16, 1929. (24) BACTRA MAIORINA Hein. An adult of this species emerged from the head of Typha latifolia at Monroe, Michigan, on June 21, 1928, and was determined by Dr. Carl Ileinrich. Nothing is known of its habits. (25) CACOECIA ROSACEANA Harr. One specimen emerged from a pupa in a stalk of Typha latifolia at Monroe, Michigan, and was determined by Dr. A. Busck. (26) UNIDENTIFIED LEPIDOPTERON. An undeterminable larva was found feeding on the leaves and tender stalks of Typha latifolia at Monroe, Michigan on August 12, 1928. A species of Hymenopterous parasite emerged from this larva on August 15 (two males and three females) which were deter- mined by A. B. Gahan as (27) Eulo pints sp. (28) ARCHIPS OBSOLETANA Walk. Larvae of this insect were found feeding in the head of Typha latifolia at Monroe, Michigan, at Bolle's Harbor, Michigan, and at Toledo, Ohio, in 1927 and 1928. (29) DICYMOLOMIA JULIANALIS Walk. This species is de- scribed by Claassen as feeding in the head of T\plia latifolia. (To be continued). 12 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '31 A New Melitaea from Oregon (Lep. : Nymphalidae). By R. A. LEUSSLER, Omaha, Nebraska. Melitaea hewesi n. sp. $ . Expanse 40 mm. (centre of thorax to^apex x 2) Upper- side: Primaries, marginal row of straight, narrow, fulvous spots edged with black ; submarginal row of creamy, fulvous-tinged spots, all more or less triangular with the base slightly convex, those between veins 1 & 2 and between 2 & 3 being largest; inside submarginal row there is a row of smaller irregular shaped spots somewhat more fulvous ; and inside this row an irregular row of lighter spots ; a light colored bar in the cell, a similar colored spot below it near costa,' and another in cell near base, a few darker fulvous spots separating the light spots from each other ; the space between all of the various spots on the entire wing filled in with black ; fringes pale cream, broadly cut by black at the veins, giving the appearance of a checkered fringe. Secondaries, marginal and submarginal row of spots same as on primaries, row inside submarginal row composed of dark fulvous spots, row in discal area composed of very pale elon- gated spots ; a minute pale spot, flanked outwardly by a curved fulvous spot, in cell near base ; basal area, inner margin and all the space between spots black ; fringes same as on primaries. Underside: Primaries, rather pale dull fulvous, with all of the spots of the upper side reproduced ; the submarginal spots on this side are larger than on upper side and very pale cream, almost white ; the marginal fulvous spots continuous, forming a narrow band, uncut by veins ; fringes same as on upper side. Secondaries, marginal fulvous band as on primaries ; all spots of upper side reproduced, but considerably enlarged and so pale as to be almost white ; the median band encloses a series of small, pale fulvous spots or, perhaps more properly, rings (some of them being hollow in the centre) ; spots in the basal area separated from each other by a narrow irregular fulvous band as is usual in the genus ; all the pale spots edged with black. Body, above black, beneath pale yellowish white, palpi fulvous. Antennae, black above, reddish beneath. 9 . Expanse 48 mm. Uppersidc: Strikingly different from the male, the ground color of primaries and secondaries being black, and all the spots creamy white, excepting those forming the marginal band which are reddish fulvous ; median row of spots on secondaries are mere dots ; fringes same as male. Underside: Similar to male; body and palpi same as male. The above descriptions apply respectively to the male holo- type and female allotype taken at Tygh, OREGON, about 25 miles south of the Columbia River near the Dalles in Sherman County, xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 13 June 12, 1930, by Dr. L. I. Hewes of San Francisco, for whom I take pleasure in naming the species. Besides the holotype and allotype there are before me 9 other males and 11 other females, all collected by Dr. Hewes, and I deem it advisable to record here the variation within the series. Males Nos. 1, 2, 3 & 4, Tygh, Oregon, June 12, 1930, agree with type and are designated as paratypes. Male No. 5 same date and locality shows less contrast between pale and fulvous spots on upper side of both wings, and the same is true of the under side of primaries. Male No. 6, same date and locality, is a lightly marked specimen still less contrasty. No. 7 same date and locality, although a male this specimen is in appearance the same as the female form crcinita of M. palla. Male No. 8, Goodnow Hills, WASHINGTON, June 26, 1927, same as No. 7. Male No. 9, Tygh, Oregon, June 12, 1930, is an albinic speci- men, all the light colored spots being white and the fulvous ones very pale. The variation in the 11 females is less note- worthy. They are all designated as paratypes. 6 were taken at Tygh, Oregon, June 30, 1929, and the remaining 5 in the same locality June 12, 1930. There is some variation in size ; in 3 of the specimens the median row of spots or dots is prac- tically obsolete ; in 2 others they are slightly tinged with red ; in still another all of the spots are conspicuously large and in some of the specimens all of the spots are chalk white rather than creamy white. What relationship this species bears to other Melitaeas I cannot say. It probably is nearest to palla and i^hitncyi, but in my opinion is quite distinct. 2 male and 2 female paratypes in collection of R. A. Leussler at Omaha ; the types and re- mainder of specimens returned to Dr. Hewes. Food Requirements for the Pupation of Two Coleop- terous Larvae, Synchroa punctata Newm. and Dendroides canadensis Lee. (Melandryidae, Pyrochroidae). I'.y XKI.LII-: M. I'AYNK. Fifty grown larvae of each of the species, Synchroa pnnctata and Dendroides ctiihiilensis were collected in April, 1924, near Saint Paul, Minnesota. These larvae were separated from the 14 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '31 oak bark and frass in which they occurred, washed in 70% alcohol, and fed on filter paper over night. Then the larvae were placed singly in small shell vials containing sterilized oak bark free from Armillaria nigra, a fungus which is often present in dead and dying trees. None of these larvae pupated the first year ending April, 1925, although controls collected at the same time and fed unsterilized oak bark or rhizomes of Armil- laria nigra, pupated and emerged as adults in the summer of 1924. The larvae which were kept on the sterilized medium were transported to Philadelphia in September, 1925, and the experiment continued. Observations have been made on these larvae for six complete years. The experiment is now in its seventh year. Several larvae have died but the death rate has been very low after the first four years. Larvae have been removed annually or semi- annually and approximately half of them have been fed on rhizomes of A. nigra and half on unsterilized oak bark. After the first year larvae thus fed pupated within twenty-four hours after feeding and emerged within two weeks. Larvae removed in April, 1925, required five days in which to pupate. Tempera- ture at which pupae were kept varied between 20-22 degrees centigrade. The following table shows the death rate and the larvae pupating after each special feeding. None of the larvae died during pupation. SYNCHROA PUNCTATA Fed A. nigra or DENDROIDES CANADENSIS Fed A. nigra or Died unsterilized Died unsterilized in larval oak Number in larval oak Number Date stage bark remaining stage bark remaining April, 1924 50 50 April, 1925 4 5 41 5 5 40 April, 1926 1 6 34 3 7 30 April, 1927 2 6 26 2 8 20 Oct., 1927 7 3 16 3 17 April, 1928 3 13 1 3 13 Oct., 1928 2 11 3 10 April, 1929 1 2 8 2 8 Oct., 1929 2 6 2 6 April, 1930 2 4 1 2 3 Both Synchroa punctata and Dcndroidcs canadcnsis normally complete their life cycle within one year. Thus the diet of sterilized food prolonged their lives to over six times the nor- mal length. The larvae reared on the sterilized medium were xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 15 healthy and vigorous, but merely unable to differentiate. The actual chemical compound producing pupation in these two species is unknown. The sudden transformation of the old larvae indicates that the pupation-causing substance is of a catalytic nature. This catalvst may or may not be specific, since pupation could occur either by addition of unsterilized oak bark or of Annillaria nii/ra rhizomes to the diet. However the great frequency with which A. nit/ra was present in trees in which S. punctata and D. canadcnsis normally fed, lead the writer to suppose that the effect of unsterilized oak bark on pupation may have been due to small bits of Annillaria or other fungi. Recently Uvarov [1928] has summarized the literature re- lating to insect nutrition. This admirable summary renders a bibliography to a brief note superfluous. LITERATURE CITATION. UVAROV, B. P. Insect Nutrition and Metabolism. A Summary of the Literature. Trans. Ent. Soc. London. Dec. 31, 1928. pp. 255-343. A Recent Occurrence of Catopsilia philea Job. in Missouri. (Lepid. : Pieridae). An unusual capture for this part of the country was the taking of a male specimen of Catopsilia pliilca Job. in Webster Groves, Missouri, on July 11, 1930, by Jack Neavles, a young butterfly-hunter of my neighborhood. The range of this tropical butterfly is generally regarded as extending into Texas, but there are on record occurrences of stray individuals at localities considerably farther north. In the present instance, the flight of the butterfly for so great a distance from its normal territory may be definitely correlated with the protracted hot weather that preceded its appearance here. Cases like this, in which butterflies are observed hundreds of miles away from the localities where they are known to breed, demonstrate that butterflies are capable of flying enor- mous distances, and indicate a probability that such long flights may take place more frequently than has been noted by ob- servers. They therefore deserve careful study, being important aids to the solution of some of the problems that beset the investigator of insect migrations. HAROLD O'Bvkxt-:, \\Vbster Groves, Missouri. 16 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '31 An Additional Annotated List of the Ants of Mississippi* (Hym.: Formicoidea). M. R. SMITH, A. & M. College, Mississippi. In a previous article (Ent. News, Vol. 39, pp. 242-246 and 275-279, 1928) 19 additional species of ants were recorded for Mississippi. The present paper lists 20 more species, thus mak- ing a grand total of 126 species which have been recorded for the state. Although a great deal of collecting for ants has been done in some parts of the state, there are other areas in which no collecting or only very little collecting has been done. When these areas are adequately scouted, it would not be sur- prising if the list of the ants of the state is extended to include 150 species or more. Of the 126 species collected to date, 11 species or 8.7 percent are apparently new species. New species have been found within the following genera : Apliacnogaster, Stctminma, Phei- dole, Leptothorax, Mynnica, and Camponotus sub-genus Colo- bo psis. The most interesting of the new species is a Stcnamma, which is apparently distinct from anything that has yet been recorded for North America. This species is of even further interest in that the genus Stcnamma is very poorly represented in this section of the country. Another interesting new species is a Colobopsis, which is allied to C. impresses in the general shape of the head of the soldier (that is, with subparallel sides) yet is very distinct not only from this species but from all other Colobopsis that have yet been taken in North America. Subfamily DORYLINAE 107. ECITON MEX.ICANUM (F. Smith). Wiggins. Male specimens of what is believed to be this species were taken by Mr. J. P. Kislanko at trap lights at Wiggins on the night of June 27, 1930. Our specimens agree very well with the figure of this species as given by Wheeler in fig. 11, plate 26 of the Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. Vol. 24, (*A contribution from the Mississippi Agricultural Experiment Station) xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 17 1908. Wheeler states, "the male of this species is easily tinguished from all the known males of the genus by the peculiar shape of the mandibles which are narrow, straight at the base and curved at the tips, with the middle of the external margin concave and a low but distinct projection on the inner margin." I am inclined to believe that this ant is the male phase of Eciton pilosns. E. mexicawwm is known only from the male. The male of E. pilosns on the other hand is not known. My reasons for believing that the males of E. iiic.ricanuui are very probably the males of E. pilosns will be given in a forthcoming article. 108. APHAENOGASTER TEXANA var. CAROLINENSTS \Yheeler. Columbus, Starkville, Greenwood Springs. The slender, yel- lowish-brown workers of this "ant might easily be confused with the smaller workers of Aphaenogaster fitlra or some of its forms. The head of the worker of carolincnsis is much more slender than the head of the worker of A. fnlva, and the pos- terior corners are decidedly rounder. The eyes are proportion- ally larger and the antennae longer. This species was described from specimens nesting in the soil beneath stones in the open woods at Trvon, N. C. (Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. Vol. 34, p. 414, 1915). In Mississippi I have taken the ants from the soil beneath logs and also from beneath the bark of stumps. At Columbus, Mississippi, a colony was found nesting in a pine log near a fine colony of Exponent (jilva. 109. STENAMMA FOVEOLOCEPHALA M. R. Smith. Ackerman. Two workers of this species were collected from the sandy soil on the south slope of a thinly wooded hillside. 2 miles from Ackerman, Mississippi. Although a careful search was made for further specimens none were found. These are the first workers of Stcnainiud that have been collected in the state. To date this is the fourth species of Stain in ma to be described for North America. The other three species as follows: brci'icornc and its various subspecies rind varieties ncarcticKin (which is known only from the male and female phases), and nidiini which was described by Dr. Wheeler from Mexican specimens. This species differs from brcviconic and its allied forms in 18 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '31 the following particulars: (1) the eyes are larger; (2) the sculpturing of the head is decidedly f oveolate-reticulate ; (3) the rugulae on the basal surface of the epinotum are trans- verse; (4) the postpetiole is longer and when viewed from above subcampanulate ; ( 5 ) the color is darker, almost black. The description of this species appeared in Annals Ent. Soc. of Amer. Vol. 23, No. 3, 1930. 110. LEPTOTHORAX WHEELERI M. R. Smith. A. & M. College, Starkville, Sturgis, Adaton. This species was recently described and illustrated in Annals Ent. Soc. of America, Vol. 22, pp. 548, 1929. The worker of this species is very closely related to the worker of L. sclmumi and L. for- tinodis. From these species it differs, however, in the follow- ing particulars: (1) it has longer and larger epinotal spines; (2) the thorax is not so compressed laterally and dorsally as with the species mentioned ; (3) the sculpturing is much coarser. All of the nests which I have encountered were found in cavities in live, standing trees or in logs and stumps. 111. LEPTOTHORAX (D.) PERGANDEI subsp. FLAVUS M. R. Smith. Adaton, Longview, Starkville. This interesting species be- longing to the subgenus Dichothora.v was also recently described in the Annals Ent. Soc. Amer. Vol. 22, pp. 549-550, 1929. Although closely allied to pcrgandci, the worker can be dis- tinguished from the worker of pcrgandci by the following dif- ferences : (1) its larger size; (2) different color (yellow) ; (3) less acute meso-epinotal constriction; (4) the longer, blunter, and stouter epinotal spines; (5) the much larger and more con- vex petiole, and the distinctly broader post petiole; (6) and by the longer, coarser, and more uneven pilosity. All the colonies which I have seen were nesting in crevices just beneath the bark of pine stumps, usually very near the soil level. 112. LEPTOTHORAX PERGANDEI subsp. FLOKIDANUS Emery. Louisville, Blue Mountain, Ripley. According to Emery this subspecies differs from L. (D.) pcnjandci in the following particulars, namely: (1) the body is more shining; (2) the epinotum smooth and shining above; (3) the mesoepinotal con- xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 19 striction is punctulate, subopaque ; (4) the petiolar node is nar- rower and not impressed above; (5) the postpetiole is hardly 1/3 again as broad as the petiole and proportionally narrower than in pcrgandci. Wheeler in addition states that the color, pilosity, and sculpture are the same in both forms. Mr. S. W. Simmons, who collected the ants at two of the locations mentioned above, informs me that they were found nesting in the soil beneath logs and stones. 113. LEPTOTHORAX (D.) PERGANDEI FLORIDANUS var. SIMN- osus M. R. Smith. Summit. This species was described in the same journal as the other species of LcptotJiora.r just mentioned (p. 551). It is also a member of the subgenus DichotJwra.v. The worker differs from that of floridanus as follows: (1) the epinotal spines are longer and are directed more upward and outward ; (2) the epinotal spines are not small or tuberculate as with pergandei and florid un us, but distinctly spinose, and longer than broad at base; (3) the pilosity is longer, coarser, and more un- even; (4) the color, although variable, is somewhat darker than that of floridanus. These ants were collected from a rotting pine stump at Sum- mit, Mississippi, the type-locality. 114. STRUMIGENYS ORNATA Mayr. Louisville. One specimen of this ant was collected by Mr. G. W. Haug from amongst leaves and other debris on the ground in a dense growth of Oak trees about 8 miles northwest of Louisville. The worker of this species can be very easily distinguished by the exceedingly long clavate hairs which are directed upward from the surface of the clypeus. The ants appear to be rather rare in the state. 115. STRUMIGENYS CLYPEATA var. PILINASIS Forel. Louisville. Three specimens of this species were taken by me from a small crevice in a well rotted log, lying at the font of a hill in the same patch of woodlands as the species men- tioned above. This species can be recognized by the peculiar shape of the 20 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '31 head of the worker, which tapers very strongly anteriorly, thus causing the clypeus to be considerably longer than broad. The clypeus is covered with numerous erect hairs, which are not at all clavate or scale-like as in the other species of Stminigcnys. Also the exposed sections of the mandibles are toothed in- ternally for their entire length. 116. SOLENOPSIS PERGANDEI Foi'el. Greenwood Springs, Ouitman, Biloxi, Ackerman. The worker of 6". peryandci can be distinguished from the worker of S. nwlcsta as follows: (1) it is a larger species; (2) the the head is practically quadrate; (3) the node of the post- petiole is about as long as wide and more spherically shaped. The worker of S. niolcsta has a post-petiolar node, which when viewed from above appears to be wider than long. For the description of pcrgandei see Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. Vol. 45, p. 343, 1901. The species was described from North Carolina speci- mens. I have seen nests of this ant in the soil and also in crevices in rotting pine stumps. At Ouitman, alate females were found in the nest on July 6th. This does not appear to be as com- mon a species in Mississippi as m-olcsta. 117. Solenopsis glolndana subsp. inobilcnsis Creighton. Ocean Springs, Perkinston, Pascagoula. This species was first collected at Mobile, Alabama, by Mr. W. S. Creighton of Harvard University. At the time he wrote me in regard to it, he was of the opinion that it was possibly an imported species. This species, the only form of globularia that I know to occur in the United States, is very distinct from our other species of Solcnopsis. The worker can be readily recognized by its ab- normally large postpetiole, which when viewed from above and behind is transversely-elliptical. The epinotum when viewed from the side is decidedly angular. Mr. J. P. Kislanko, who collected the ants at two of the above named localities, found them nesting in wood in both instances, and seeds were observed in their nest on one of these occasions. Mr. R. P. Colmer sent in specimens from Pasca- goula, which were stealing canary bird seed from a house. xlii, '31] KXTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 21 118. TETRAMORIUM (TRIGLYPHOTHRIX) STRIATIDENS Emery. West Point. A large number of workers of this imported Indian ant were collected from the brick wall of a store in the business section of West Point, by Mr. E. E. Byrcl. Mr. Bynl stated that he believed the ants to be nesting in the wall as he saw numerous workers enter and leave small holes in the wall. The ants are slow moving in gait and given to sulking when touched by an object. This is the second time that the species has ever been re- corded from the United States. It was first taken in 1913 at New Orleans by Mr. E. R. Barber (Wheeler, Jour. EC. Ent. Vol. 9, pp. 566-569, 1916). This ant, as Wheeler aptly re- marks, is tending to become world-wide in its distribution. Whether it will prove a pest in the state remains to be seen. 119. MVRMICA SCHENCKI var. SPATULATA M. R. Smith. Starkville. This, the only species of Mynnica that has yet been taken in Mississippi, is apparently a new one. As its name indicates, both workers and females can be distinguished from allied forms of Mynnica by the exceedingly large spoon or spatulate-shaped lobes at the base of the antennae. Viewed from above the margins of the lobes are very thin and some- what reflexed. Viewed laterally the lobes form slightly more than a right angle with the base of the scapes of the antennae. This species was found nesting in the soil in a low, heavily wooded area 5 miles west of Starkville. The area is frequently subject to overflow. A description of the worker and female of this species ap- peared in Vol. 23, No. 3, of the Annals Ent. Soc. Amer. 1930. 120. PHEIDOLE LAMIA Wheeler. Fayette. Two soldiers and a number of workers of this ex- tremely interesting ant were collected by Mr. G. W. Haug from the soil at the base of a maple tree in the old Argentine ant area at Fayette. The soldier of this ant can be easily recog- nized at a glance because of its peculiarly shaped head, which is long and subcylindrical with truncated anterior portion. The soldiers are supposed to use their heads in plugging the gal- leries to the nest. According to Wheeler the ants are decidedly 22 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '31 subterranean in nature. Mr. Havig informed me that although he made a very careful search for soldiers he only succeeded in taking two specimens. Apparently the soldiers are very scarce in the nest. They may function as queens as Wheeler suggests. Ph. lamia was described by Wheeler from specimens collected at Austin, Texas. So far as I am aware this is the first time that the ant has been taken outside of that state. 121. DOLICHODERUS PLAGIATUS PUSTULATUS Var. BEUTEN- MUELLERI Wheeler. Smithville, Biloxi. The types of this species are from the Black Mountains of North Carolina. For description of the species see Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. Vol. 20, p. 304. 1904. The worker of this species has a black head and gaster and a reddish-brown thorax. The head and thorax which bear shal- low foveolae are glabrous. There are also erect hairs on the upper surface of the body. At Smithville workers were collected from oak, hickory, and sumac where they were seeking honey dew. At Biloxi on September 5, 1929, the ants were found attending aphids on a species of grass in a marshy area, not over 125 yards from the waters of the Gulf of Mexico. Between the sheaths of the grass were found immature stages of the ants, which were covered over by fine down-like hairs that had been pulled from the grass by the worker ants. Both winged females and female pupae were found. Subfamily FORMICINAE. 122. FORMICA TRUNCICOLA INTEGRA Nylander. Greenwood Springs. These beautiful, robust, red and black ants were found in large numbers amongst sand, leaves, and other debris along the edge of a small stream. In this vicinity there were many elder bushes on which were numerous black aphids that the workers were busily attending. When I at- tempted to capture the worker ants, they hid beneath leaves and would cautiously peep out as if they were endowed with intelligence. For a description of this species see Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard, Vol. LIII, pp. 444-445, 1913. 123. CAMPONOTUS CARYAE subsp. DISCOLOR (Buckley). xlii, '31 J ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS Corinth, A. & M. College. This beautiful red and black ant with emarginate clypeus is described in I 'roc. Ent. Soc. Phila. Vol. 6, p. 166, 1866. Judging from our records it does not appear to be as com- mon a species as rasilis, which it resembles in both appearance and habits. It can be easily distinguished from rasilis by the coarse, piligerous foveolae on the cheeks and clypeus of the worker and female. At Corinth a single worker was taken from the trunk of a tree in a low, heavily wooded area. At A. & M. College, Mr. J. M. Langston found one dealate female and 3 workers in a cavity in a pecan husk on the college farm. 124. CAMPONOTUS (COLOBOPSIS) OBLIQUUS M. R. Smith. Starkville. This species is entirely distinct from any other species of North American Colobopsis that has yet been de- scribed. With respect to the shape of the head of the soldier (that is, its subparallel sides) it would appear to be closely allied to C. iin[>rcssns. From the latter species it differs in the following characters: (1) its smaller size (3.5-3.75 mm.) ; (2) the much coarser sculpturing of the head; (3) the less con- cave, truncate surface of the head; and (4) in the more rec- tangularly shaped clypeus. The workers of this ant were found nesting in a cavity in the husk of a hickory nut, Caryac sp., which was gathered in a low woodland pasture, 5 miles southwest of Starkville. To Mr. J. M. Langston credit is due for collecting this species. The description of this species appeared in Vol. 23, No. 3 of the Annals Ent. Soc. of Amer. 1930. 125. L.\sirs liKEYicoRNis Emery. Ripley. This species is apparently confined to the cooler, more northern sections of the state. Our specimens have been collected by Mr. S. W. Simmons, who informs me that this is not an uncommon ant in the area from which it is listed above. Mr. Simmons found the ants nesting in the soil in a hilly, wooded area. The worker of L. brcriconiis can easily be dis- tinguished by its short antennal scapes, which do not extend entirely to the posterior corners of the head. The maxillary palpi are 6-segmented. 126. LASIUS (A.) CLAVIGER Roger. 24 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '31 Ripley. This species is represented in our collection by a single dealate female, which was captured at the above named locality by Mr. S. W. Simmons. Although L. inter jectus Mayr is a fairly common ant in this state, its cogener L. clavigcr for some unexplainable reason seems to be rare or absent in the areas where we have collected intensively. The worker of L. clavigcr can easily be distinguished by the following characters: (1) the 3-segmented maxillary palpi; (2) the antero-posteriorly compressed petiole, the superior border of which is sharp; (3) by the absence of teeth on the superior borders of the mandibles; (4) by the numerous erect hairs which are widely distributed over the dorsal surface of the gaster. The Night Flight of Diurnal Butterflies (Lepid.). By PHIL RAU, Kirkwood, Missouri. I was glad that Mr. Hayward was led to publish in the October NEWS the fine lot of records of the night flight of diurnal Lepidoptera, even though he thinks the data are of no scientific value. Notes of this type are valuable in the study of psychogenesis. I believe that changes in habits and eventu- ally in morphology of species have in many cases had their in- ception in just such cases of digression from instinct as Mr. O'Byrne's and Mr. Hayward's data represent. When an animal behaves in a way which differs from the established habit of the species, we know there must be some cause for this digres- sion. Such action is usually more difficult, requires more effort, than following customary routine ; hence the cause must be more impelling than is outwardly apparent. I believe that these causes for digression are usually psychic in nature. I fully agree with Mr. Hayward when he says that each record should be complete with full environmental data, but I do not agree with him when he says that the appearance of Lepidoptera on. the wing at unusual times is purely accidental, that they have merely been disturbed by night prowlers. A night in the field with sleeping insects will prove to anyone that insects, especially butterflies, sleep soundly at night, and if dis- turbed they drop to the ground. They can easily be picked up xlii, '31 | ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 25 in the fingers, or a twig upon which they are asleep can be carried several miles without disturbing them.* When a day-flying male Promcthca mothf conies to the female in the cage on my roof at four a.m., (even though he is only one out of many), my interpretation is that its organ for odor perception is more highly developed than that of its companions, or its sex urge is greater than its impulse to sleep, or both. At least, its inner urge for action must be different from that of its companions. If it beats the other ardent swains in its quest for mating, or if perchance it meets a mate of like tendencies, there is ample probability that the psychic urge to this new departure will recur in the offspring. If the new habit gives the creature an advantage among its fellows, there is a chance that it may become permanent in the species. All this, of course, would be quite unthinkable if the first occurrence of the new act was purely accidental or caused by extraneous forces. We are in the habit of thinking that night-flying moths are active at any hour of the night, and likewise day-flying moths are active during any and all hours of the day. In the paper cited, we show that each species of moths with which we worked has a very definite period of flight, which recurs once in each cycle of twenty-four hours, and if a change of this "hour" occurs in a species, we would not expect it to occur en masse, but to have its inception in one or a few individuals of the race, just the erratic type of individuals that Mr. O'Byrnc and Mr. Havward mention. The C. F. Adams Collection of Diptera. A collection of Diptera, totalling approximately 12,000 speci- mens, has been presented to Purdue University by Dr. C. F. Adams, Director of the Bacteriological Laboratory of the Indiana State Board of Health and formerly Dean and Ento- mologist of the College of Agriculture of the University of Arkansas. Dr. Adams has retained the Mycetophilidae and a named set of the Culicidae, in which groups he will continue his studies. * See Rau and Rau, The Sleep of Insects ; An Ecological Study. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. 9 : 227-274. 1916. t Rau and Rau, The Sex Attraction and Rhythmic Periodicity in the Great Saturniid Moths. Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 26: 82-221. 1929. 26 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS | Jan., '31 A New Species of Two-winged Fly belonging to the Genus Acronarista (Diptera: Tachinidae)' By H. J. REINIIARD, College Station, Texas. In 1908, Townsencl established the genus Acronarista with tnirabilis as the type and sole species. 1 The description was based upon a single specimen collected by the late Dr. H. G. Dyar at Palm Beach, Florida. I am indebted to Dr. J. M. Aldrich for the opportunity of examining the type specimen now in the U. S. National Mu- seum. The type is a male and not a female as stated in the original description. This correction has already been indicated by W. R. Thompson.- The species is rare among our native Tachinidae and for more than twenty years no additional speci- mens have been discovered. A second species from Louisiana, described as new in the present paper, seems congeneric. It differs in having the arista situated about midway between the base and apex of the an- terior ramus of the third antennal joint; in having one to three setules near the tip of the first vein ; and a number of other less essential details. Acronarista cornuta new species Male: Front at narrowest (vertex) 0.384 of the head width in the one specimen, widening but slightly to base of antennae ; parafrontals faintly pruinose subshining in certain angles, with only a few short inconspicuous hairs outside the frontal rows ; median stripe brownish-black, uniform in width to triangle and slightly broader than one paraf rontal ; frontal bristles descend- ing to apex of second antennal joint, the uppermost one or two pairs smaller than the preceding ones ; ocellars proclinate ; ver- ticals one pair (inner) rather stout, curving backward; orbitals present (three on one side and two on other), all proclinate; face gray pollinose, very deeply excavated, the sides linear, bare, and strongly divergent downward ; vibrissae large, inserted on oral margin, with only a few bristles on the ridges above ; antennae reaching oral margin, basal joints short, tinged with yellow; third wholly black, deeply and broadly incised to form an anterior and posterior ramus which in profile are distinctly bowed effecting a U-shaped appearance ; arista situated slightly 1 Tax. Muse. Flies, Smith Misc. Colls., Vol. LI, p. 85. 2 Canad. Ent., Vol. XLIII, p. 313. xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS nearer base than apex of anterior ramus, thickened almost to tip, penultimate joint only slightly shorter than the third; cheeks about one-sixth the eye height ; proboscis short, fleshy ; palpi yellow ; eyes bare. Thorax and scutellum black, dusted lightly with bluish-gray pollen, humeri more densely pollinose ; mesonotum showing five indistinct dark stripes in front and none behind suture. Chae- totaxy : humeral 2 ; posthumeral 2 ; presutural 1 ; acrostichal 3, 1 ; dorsocentral 3, 3 ; notopleural 2 ; intraalar 3 (anterior one minute) ; supraalar 3; postalar 2; pteropleural 1; sternopleural 4 (intermediate ones small) ; scutellum with two lateral be- sides a weaker apical pair, no discals ; postscutellum normally developed ; calypters semitransparent, white. Abdomen rather short and flat, basal margins of segments two to four with narrow bands of bluish-gray pollen, the re- mainder of these segments, including the first, shining black ; first segment without median marginal bristles ; second with one pair, rather small ; third with a marginal row situated con- siderably before the hind margin ; fourth with a discal row but without a distinct row of marginals. Legs blackish, rather stout, pulvilli conspicuous but shorter than last tarsal joint; mid tibia with one bristle an outer front side ; hind tibia with a sparse row of short bristles on outer posterior edge with one or two longer near middle. Wings hyaline; the hind cross vein erect joining the fourth vein slightly before the middle between small cross vein and bend ; first vein with one to three setules near the apex ; third with one rather large bristle at base ; fourth vein with a broadly rounded bend, curving outward near the tip leaving the first posterior cell narrowly open almost in exact wing tip ; costal spine minute. Length, 4 mm. Female : Unknown. Described from a single male specimen from Opelousas, LOUISIANA, March, 1897, (collector unknown) received from David G. Hall. Type: Male, Cat. No. 43172 U.S.N.M. This species, like the genotype, is a minute fly with the third antennal joint cleft into two rami. In profile these are less strongly bowed than in mirabilis and the entire joint is black. The presence of a few setules on the first vein ; the elongated penultimate joint of the arista ; and the insertion of the latter nearer the base of the third antennal joint do not appear to be characters of generic importance in this case. 28 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '31 Dynastes tityus Linn, in Delaware (Coleop. : Scarabaeidae). From the paper by Dr. P. P. Calvert on the occurrence of this species in Pennsylvania, in the NEWS for June and July. 1930, I was especially interested to learn of the occurrence of this beetle in that state, as I have collected one male in the vicinity of Newark, Delaware, in 1927, although I can give no further data concerning it. In the collection of the Delaware Agricultural Experiment Station, there is one specimen, also a male, dated August 7, 1929, locality Nassau, Delaware, with no collector's name attached. I think the collector was Dr. H. D. Dozier, as I remember pinning the specimen. Nassau is just this side of Rehoboth Beach, toward the southeastern end of Delaware. During col- lections made in Pennsylvania in 1927 and in the following year, I did not find another specimen. In the fall of 1928, I collected a number of immature and fully grown larvae of this species in the vicinity of Knoxville, Tennessee, and I was again able to obtain some this past summer (1930). The reported occurrence of this species in Pennsylvania is of special interest ; I had thought Delaware to be its northern limit. L. CHESTER MARSTON, JR., Department of Biology, , University of Toronto. The Composition of the Head of Insects. In the embryo of Carausius (walking stick) seven pairs of coelom sacs are laid down in the head. Of these only the antennal, manclibular, first and second maxillary are preserved for any length of time. The others (labral, preantennal, inter- calary) remain rudimentary. The labral and preantennal belong to the primary head region. The preantennal pair is to be con- sidered as homologous with that so-named in Scolopendra. In Carausius the reduction of the coelom sacs proceeds from behind forward. The second maxillary coelom sacs are like those of the thorax, the mandibular are reduced to their ventral parts. The phylogenetically oldest secondary head segment is, there- fore, the mandibuiar, the phylogenetically youngest is the second maxillary. R. WIESMANN in Leuzinger, Wiesmann and Leh- mann : Zur Kenntniss der Anatomic u. Entwicklungsgeschichte cler Stabheuschrecke Carausius inorosits Br. }ena, Gustav Fischer, 1926, pages 317-318. Additions to the Index to Vol. XLI, 1930. Under Obituary Notices, insert Rathvon, S. S. 234. Under Per- sonals, insert Auxer, S. 236. Under Coleoptera, insert Auxer Collec- tion 236, quadristriatus, Trojiistcnnis 238, Rathvon Collection 199, Raub Collection 236. List of the Titles of Periodicals and Serials Referred to by Numbers in Entomological Literature in Entomological News. 1. Transactions of The American Entomological Society. Philadelphia. 2. Entomologische Blatter, red. v. H. Eckstein etc. Berlin. 3. Annals of the Carnegie Museum. Pittsburgh, Pa. 4. Canadian Entomologist. London, Canada. 5. Pysche, A Journal of Entomology. Boston, Mass. 6. Journal of the New York Entomological Society. New York. 7. Annals of the Entomological Society of America. Columbus, Ohio. 8. Entomologists' Monthly Magazine. London. 9. The Entomologist. London. 10. Proceedings of the Ent. Soc. of Washington. Washington, D. C. 11. Deutsche entomologische Zeitschriit. Berlin. 12. Journal of Economic Entomology, Geneva, N. Y. 13. Journal of Entomology and Zoology. Claremont, Cal. 14. Entomologische Zeitschrift. Frankfurt a. M., Germany. 15. Natural History, American Museum of Natural History. New York. 16. American Journal of Science. New Haven, Conn. 17. Entomologische Rundschau. Stuttgart, Germany. 18. Internationale entomologische Zeitschrift. Guben, Germany. 19. Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society. Brooklyn, N. Y. 20. Societas entomologica. Stuttgart, Germany. 21. The Entomologists' Record and Journal of Variation. London. 22. Bulletin of Entomological Research. London. 23. Bollettino del Laboratorio di Zoologia generale e agraria della R. Scuola superiore d'Agricultura in Portici. Italy. 24. Annales de la societe entomologique de France. Paris. 25. Bulletin de la societe entomologique de France. Paris. 26. Entomologischer Anzeiger, hersg. Adolf Hoffmann. Wien, Austria. 27. Bolletino della Societa Entomologica. Geneva, Italy. 28. Ent. Tidskrift utgifen af Ent. Foreningen i Stockholm. Sweden. 29. Annual Report of the Ent. Society of Ontario. Toronto, Canada. 30. The Maine Naturalist. Thornaston, Maine. 31. Nature. London. 32. Boletim do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janiero. Brazil. 33. Bull, et Annales de la Societe entomologique de Belgique. Bruxelles. 34. Zoologischer Anzeiger, hrsg. v. E. Korschelt. Leipzig. 35. The Annals of Applied Biology. Cambridge, England. 36. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London. England. 37. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society. Honolulu. 38. Bull, of the Southern California Academy of Sciences. Los Angeles. 39. The Florida Entomologist. Gainesville, Fla. 40. American Museum Novitales. New York. 41. Mitteilungen der schweiz. ent. Gesellschaft. Schaffhausen, Switzerland. 42. The Journal of Experimental Zoology. Philadelphia. 43. Ohio Journal of Sciences. Columbus, Ohio. 44. Revista chilena de historia natural. Valparaiso, Chile. 45. Zeitschrift fur \vissenschaftliche Tnsektenbiologie. Berlin. 46. Zeitschrift fiir Morphologic und Okologie der Ticre. Berlin. 47. Journal of Agricultural Research. Washington, D. C. 48. Wiener entomologische Zeitung. Wien, Austria. 49. Entomologische Mitteilungen. Berlin. 50. Proceedings of the U. S. National Museum. Washington, D. C. 51. Notulae entomologicae, ed. Soc. ent. helsingfors. Helsingfors, Finland. 52. Archiv fiir Naturgeschichte, hrsg. v. K. Strand. Berlin. 53. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science. London. 54. Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparee. Paris. 55. Pan-Pacific Entomologist. San Francisco, Cal. 56. "Konowia". Zeit. fur systematische Insektenkunde. Wien, Austria. 57. La Feuille des Naturalistes. Paris. 58. Entomologische Berichten. Nederlandsche ent. Ver. Amsterdam. 59. Encyclopedic entomologique, ed. P. Lechevalier. Paris. 60. Stettiner entomologische Zeitung. Stettin, Germany. 61. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco. 62. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. New York. 63. Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift "Iris". Berlin. 64. Zeitschrift des osterr. entomologen-Vereines. Wien. 65. Zeitschrift fiir angewandte Entomologie, hrsg. K. Escherich. Berlin. 66. Report of the Proceedings of the Entomological Meeting. Pusa, India. 67. University of California Publications, Entomology. Berkeley, Cal. 68. Science. New York. 69. Comptes rendus hebdoma. des seances de 1'Academie des sciences. Paris. 70. Entomologica Americana, Brooklyn Entomological Society. Brooklyn. 71. Novitates Zoologicae. Tring, England. 72. Revue russe d'Entomologie. Leningrad, USSR. 73. Quarterly Review of Biology. Baltimore, Maryland. 74. Sbornik entomolog. narodniho musea v Praze. Prague, Czechoslavokia. 75. Annals and Magazine of Natural History. London. 76. The Scientific Monthly. New York. 77. Comptes rendus heb. des seances et memo, de la soc. de biologic. Paris. 78. Bulletin Biologique de la France et de la Belgique. Parrs. 79. Koleopterologische Rundschau. Wien. 80. Lepidopterologische Rundschau, hrsg. Adolf Hoffmann. Wien. 81. Folia myrmecol. et termitol. hrsg. Anton Krausse. Bernau bei Berlin. 82. Bulletin, Division of the Natural History Survey. Urbana, Illinois. 83. Arkiv for zoologie, K. Svenska Vetenskapsakademien i. Stockholm. 84. Ecology. Brooklyn. 85. Genetics. Princeton, New Jersey. 86. Zoologica, New York Zoological Society. New York. 87. Archiv fiir Entwicklungs mechanik der Organ., hrsg. v. Roux. Leipzig. 88. Die Naturwissenschaf ten, hrsg. A. Berliner. Berlin. 89. Zoologische Jahrbiicher, hrsg. v. Spengel. Jena, Germany. 90. The American Naturalist. Garrison-on-Hudson, New York. 91. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences. Washington, D. C. 92. Biological Bulletin. Wood's Hole, Massachusetts. 93. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. England. 94. Zeitschrift fiir wissenschaftliche Zoologie. Leipzig. 95. Proceedings of the Biological Soc. of Washington, Washington, D. C. 96. La Cellule. Lierre, Belgium. Q7. Biologisches Zentralblatt. Leipzig. 98. Le Naturaliste Canadien. Cap Rouge, Chicoutimi, Quebec. 99. Melanges exotico-entomologiques. Par Maurice Pic. Moulins, France. 100. Bulletin Intern., Academic Polonaise des Sci. et des Lett. Cra- covie, Poland. 101. Tijdschrift voor entomologie, Nederlandsche Entomol. Ver., Amsterdam. 102. Entomologiske Meddelelser, Entomologisk Forening, Copenhagen. 103. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, Lawrence, Kansas. 104. Revista de la Sociedad entomologica Argentina, Buenos Aires. xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 29 Entomological Literature COMPILED BY LAURA S. MACKEY UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF E. T. CRESSOX, JU. Under the above head ii is intended to note papers received at the Academy of Natural Sciences, of Philadelphia, pertaining to the En- tomology of the Anu-ri< -as (Xnrih and .South), including Arachnida and Myriopoda. Articles irrelevant to American entomology will not be noted; but contributions to anatomy, physiology and embryology of insects, however, whether relating to American or exotic species will be recorded. The numbers.- within brackets I 1 refer to the journals, as numbered in the list of Periodicals and Serials published in the January and June numbers (or which may be secured from the publisher of Entomological News for lOc), in which the paper appeared. The number of, or annual volume, and in some cases the part, heft, &c. the latter within ( ) follows; then the pagination follows the colon : All continued papers, with few exceptions, are recorded only at their first installments. *Papers containing new forms or names have an * preceding the author's name. (S) Papers pertaining exclusively to neotropical species, and not so indicated in the title, have the symbol (S) at the end of the title of the paper. For records of Economic Literature, see the Experiment Station Rec- ord, Office of Experiment Stations. Washington. Also Review of Applied Entomology, Series A, London. For records of papers on Medical Ento- mology- sg e Review of Applied Entomology, Series B. jj]f*Note the change in the method of citing the bibliographical refer- ences, as explained above. Papers published in the Entomological News are not listed. GENERAL. Dimmock, G. Obituary. By J. H. Emer- ton. [5] 37: 299. ill. Enderlein, G. Parallelisms der erfah- rungen in der belebten Natur. [Ent. Jahrb., Krancher] 40: 79-80, ill. Fulda, O. Eine plauderei. [18] 24: 321-326. Howard, L. O. A history of applied entomology. (Some- what Anecdotal). [Smiths'. Misc. Coll.] 84: 564 pp*. ill. Lay, G. W. The language of scientists. [68] 72: 567-569. Nom- enclator animalium generum et subgenerum. Hrsg. Schulze, Kukenthal, Heider & Hesse. Bd. 3. Hyetu-Lauxanacanthis. Berlin, pp. 1619-1778. Reed, A. C. Animal parasites of man and their control. [68] 72 : 611-620. Roy, E. L'etude des insectes. [98] 57: 209-220. Shaw, E. L. Insects from Lac- tuca stems. [n| 38: 463-468. Snodgrass, R. E. How insects fly. [Smiths. Report] 1929: 383-421, ill. Swett, L. W.- Obituary. By C. W. Johnson. [5] 37: 301, ill. ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, ETC. -- deLepiney, J. - Note preliminaire sur K- role de la vision ocellaire dans le comportement des chenilles de Lymantria dispar. | Bull. Soc. Zool., France] 53: 479-490. ill. Dieuzeide, R. Contribution a 1'etude des Xeoplasmes vegetaux le role des pucerons en phytopathologie. (Act. Soc. Linne., I'.ordeaux] 81: 160pp., ill. Eastham, L. E. S. The embryology of 1'irri- rapae- organogeny. [Philo. Trans. R. Soc. London] 219, < I 1 - ) : 50 pp.. ill. Hovasse, R. - - Marchalina hellenica I < lennadius ) . Kss.-ii de monogra])hie d'une Corhenille. |78| (4: 389-449, ill. Lespes, Regnier & Rungs. Contribution ; \ IVtudr des phases chez le criquet pelerin, Schistocerca gregaria). [(> ( '| 30 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '31 191 : 874-878. Marcu, O. Beitrag zur kenntnis cler striclu- lations-organe von Prionus coriarius. [34] 92: 65-66, ill. Marcus, B. A. Untersuchungen ueber die Malpighischen gefasse bei kafern. [46] 19: 609-677, ill. Napier, L. E. The artificial feeding of Sandflies. [Indian Jour. Med. Res.] 18: 699-706, ill. Rabaud, E. L'instinct maternel des araignees. [Bull. Soc. Zool., France] 53: 204-210. Rabaud, E. - - Le stationnemont de 1'argiope fasciee (Argiope bruennichi). [69] 191 : 878-880. Shull, F. Control of gamic and parthe- nogenetic reproduction in winged aphids by temperature and light. [Zeit. Induk. Abstam. u. Vererbung., Berlin] 55: 108-126. Staercke, A. Ein neues formicarium. [34] 92: 152-155, ill. Sweetman, H. L. The external morphology of the Mexican bean beetle, Epilachna corrupta (Coccinelli- dae). [6] 38: 423-452, ill. Tanner, M. L. Plant lice pump- ing in unison. [68] 72: 560. Timon-David, J. Recherches sur les matieres grasses des insectes. [Ann. Fac. Sci., Mar- seille] 4: 29-207, ill. Toumanoff, K. Notes sur le gynan- dromorphisme chez Carausius (Dixippus) morosus. [Bull. Soc. Zool. France] 528-544, ill. Toumanoff & Veretenni- koff. Resultats preliminaires d'experiences d'irradiation par les rayons x sur Carausius (Dixippus) morosus. [78] 64: 495-510, ill. Trojan, E. Die dufoursche druse bei Apis mellifica. [46] 19: 678-685, ill. Tulloch, G. S Thoracic modifications accompanying the development of subaptery and aptery in the genus Monomorium. [5] 37: 202-206, ill. Weiss, G. Sur certaines conditions de mort et de chez les abeilles et chez d'autres insectes en captivite. Sur les echanges gazeux des abeilles. [77] 105: 571-573; 574-576. Welsh, J. H. Reversal of phototrotism in a parasitic water mite. [92] 59: 165-169. ARACHNIDA AND MYRIOPODA. *Jacot, A. P.- Oribatid mites of the subfamily Phthiracarinae of the north- eastern United States. [Pro. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist.] 39: 209-261, ill. *Marshall, R. Hydracarina from Glacier National Park. [Trans. American Micro. Soc.] 49: 342-344, ill. THE SMALLER ORDERS OF INSECTS. *Banks, N. -New neuropteroid insects from the United States. [5] 37: 223-233, ill. *Ewing, H. E. Six new species of Mallo- phaga. [10] 32: 117-123, ill. Light, S. F. The California species of the genus Amitermes silvestri. (Isoptera). [67] 5: 173-214, ill. Light, S. F. The Mexican species of Ami- termes silvestri (Isoptera). [67] 5: 215-232, ill. Martynov, A. V. The interpretation of the wing venation and truchea- tion of the Odonata and Agnatha. [5] 37: 245-280. xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 31 ORTHOPTERA. Johnson, C. W. The walking-stick, Monomera blatchleyi race atlantica in eastern Massachu- setts. [5] 37: 285. HEMIPTERA. Pack & Knowlton. Notes on Utah Hemiptera. [4] 62: 248-250. *Pickles, A. Leocomia cin- chonae, sp. n., a new Ceropid from Jamaica. [75] 6: 586-589, ill. LEPIDOPTERA. Allen & Lott. Epiblema strenuana, the host of certain parasites of the oriental fruit moth, Las- peyresia molesta. [10] 32: 135-136. *Bell, E. L. Descrip- tions of new South American Hesperiidae. [6] 38: 455-4(>!>. ill. Cook, W. C. An ecologically annotated list of the Phalaenidae of Montana. [4] 62: 257-264, cont. Eidmann, H. Ueber den taxonomischen wert des weiblichen genital- apparates lepidopteren. [34] 92: 113-122, ill. Ford, L. T- Notes on some broods of polymorphic Lepidoptera. [9] 63 : 258. Jordan, K.- 'Description of new Sphingidae and re- marks on some others. (S). [71] 36: 149, ill. Luck, R. Die variabilitat von Heliconius thelxiope in Franz. Guyana. [18| 24 : 337-341 . Peter Wynne, A. S. B. F Moths destroyed by- bats. [9] 63: 256. Schmith, K. Die Brassoliden des muni- cips Joinville im staate Sta. Catharina, Stidbrasilien. [Ent. Jahrb.. Krancher] 40: 150-153. DIPTERA. Aldrich, J. M. Notes on the types of Amer- ican two-winged flies of the genus Sarcophaga and a few related forms described by the early authors. [50] 78, Art. 12: 39pp., ill. (S). Barnes, H. F. On some factors gov- erning the emergence of gall midges (Cecidomyidae). [93] 1930: 381-393, ill. *Bau, A. Die ausbeute der deutschen Chaco-Expedition 1925-26. Diptera. XX. Pupipara. (S). [5<>| 9: 209-213, ill. Bequaert, J. Notes on American Nemestrini- dae. [5] 37: 286-297. *Curran, C. H. A new tachinid para- sitic on a sawfly. [4] 62: 246-247. Dolley, W. L. An ento- mological sheep in wolf's clothing. [Enax tenax] [76] 1930: 508-516, ill. Duncan, F. N. Some observations on the biology of the male Drosphila melanogaster. [90] 64: 545- 551, ill. Hoffman, C. C. La distribution geograiica de los mosquitos Anopheles en el estado de Veracruz. | Dept. Salu- brid Publica, Mexico] 1929: 76pp., ill. Hoffmann, C. C. Los mosquitos Anopheles transmisores del paludismo en el valle de Mexico. [Bol. Dept. Salubrid Publica, Mexico] 1929: 16 pp. Johnson, C. W. A bot fly from the white- footed mouse. |5| 37: 283-284. *Lengersdorf, F.- XVue Sciara (Lycoria)-arten des ZoologiM'hen Museums in Ham- burg aus Horueo und Kostarika. [34] 92: 123-130, ill. Philip, C. B. Supplemental note regarding mosquito vectors of experimental yellow fever. [68] 72: 578. Tulloch, G. S. A key to the biting mosquitoes of New England. [5] 37: 32 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '31 234-244, ill. Wentworth, C. K. Mosquitoes versus Culi- cidae. [68] 72: 579-580. COLEOPTERA. *Chapin, E. A. New Coccinellidae from the West Indies. [91] 20: 488-495. *Chittenden, F. H. -New species of North American weevils of the genus Lix- us. [50] 7, Art. 18: 26pp., ill. Chittenden, P."" H. New species of North American weevils of the genus Lixus. [50] 77, Art. 18; 26pp.. ill. Collett, H. R. P. The burying of carrion by Coleoptera. [8] 66: 257-258. von Dalla Torre & Hustache. Coleopterorum Catalogus. Pars 113. Curculioni- dae: Ceuthorrhynchinae. 150pp. Daviault, L. Sur les variations des coccinelles du genre Adalia. [98] 57: 221-224. *Fall, H. C. New Coleoptera XIV, with notes on known species. [4] 62: 251-257. *Fisher, W. S. New West Indian Buprestidae. [10] 32: 125-129. *Fleutiaux, M. E. Descrip- tion d'un Melaside nouveau de la collection du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris. (S). [Bull. Mus. Nat. Hist. Nat., Paris] 2: 410-411. *Funkhouser, W. D.- New genera and species of neotropical Membracidae. [6] 38: 405-420, ill. *Pic, M. M. Dascillides et Helodides nouveaux. (S). [Bull. Mus. Nat. Hist. Nat., Paris] 2: 271- 273. St. George, R. A. The discovery of what is possibly the larva of an introduced tenebrionid, Leichenum variega- tum. [10] 32: 122-123, ill. Williams, B. S. A new method of capturing Coleoptera in flight. [8] 66: 253-255. HYMENOPTERA. *Benson, R. B. Sawflies collected by the Oxford University Expedition to British Guiana, 1929. [75] 6: 620-621. ' Claude-Joseph, F. Recherches biologiques sur les friedateurs du Chile. [Ann. Sci. Nat., Paris, Zool.] (10) 13: 235-354, ill. Constantineanu, M. J.- Quelques anomalies chez les Ichneunumides. [Bull. Mus. Nat. Hist. Nat., Paris] 2: 557-563, ill. Hoffmann, F. Ueber bienenzucht im tieflande Brasiliens, bzw. in Jaragua. [Ent. Jahrb., Krancher] 40: 183. Johnson, C. W. On the varia- tion and abundance of Sirex nitidus. [5] 37: 281-282. *Mal- loch & Rohwer. New forms of sphecoid wasps of the genns Didineis. [50] 77, Art. 14:7 pp., ill. Schmiedeknecht,' O.- Opuscula Ichneumonologica. Suppl. Bd., Fasc. 9, Platyla- bus, Cryptinae, pp. 5-28. *Swenk, M. H. A new bee of the genus Colletes from Panama. [5j 37: 219-222. Vandel, A. La production d'intercastes chez la fourmi Pheidole pallid- ula sous 1'action de parasites du genre Mermis. [ "S | (>4: 457-494, ill. *Whittaker, O. Eight new species of Ser- phoidea from British Columbia. [10] 32: 129-135. Willem, V. L'Architecture des abeilles. [Hull. Cl. Sci. Acacl. R. Belg.] (5) 16:893-906, ill. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS for December, 1930, was mailed at the Phila- delphia Post Office December 2<>, 1930. Subscriptions for 1931 are now payable. FEBRUARY. 1931 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS Vol. XLII No. 2 HENRY SKINNER 1861-1926 CONTENTS Rehn On Melanoplus borealis in Northern Labrador (Orthoptera, Acrididae) 33 Cole Typha Insects and their Parasites 35 Knowlton Notes on Utah Heteroptera and Homoptera 40 Brower Recapture of Marked Cutworm Moths in a Trap Lantern (Lep. : Noctuidae) 44 Williamson Common Names for Dragonflies (Odonata) 46 Carruth The Meloidae of South Dakota (Coleoptera) 50 Ochs Relationships of the Gyrinidae (Coleoptera) 55 Editorial Entomology at the Convocation Week Meetings 5i- fication follows. The number following each name is that under which it appears in the preceding list. 38 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Feb., '30 INSECTS INFESTING THE ROOTS. Calcndra pertinax Oliv. (39). Notaris puncticollis Lee. (42). INSECTS INFESTING THE STEMS. Coleophora sp. (16). Corodonta dorsalis Lw. (37). Nonagria oblonga Grote. (17). Aphiochacta chactoncura Caooecia rosaceana Harr. Mall. (38). Archanarasubcarnea~K.G\l.(2Q') Calcndra pertinax Oliv. (39). (25). Notaris puncticollis Lee. (42). Clmetopsis aenea Wied. (31). Eurytoma bicolor Walsh. Drosophila sp. (35). (43). Elachiptcra nigriceps Loew. Conocephalus sp. (52). (36). Conoccphalus sp. (55). INSECTS INFESTING THE LEAVES. Arsilonche albovenosa Goeze. Siphocoryne nymphaeac Linn. (1). (45)." Apatcla oblinta A. & S. (9). Aphis avcnac Fab. (46). Nonagria sub flava Grote. (19). Rhopaolasiphum diantJii Unidentified Lepidopteron Schrank (47). (26). Rhopalosiphum pcrsicae Macrosargus clams Wied. Sulz. (48). (32). Aphis gossypii Glov. (49). Paria canella var. atterhna Macrosiphum granarium Oliv. (41). Kirby (50). Ischnorhynchus resedac Panz. Hyalopterus arundinis Fab. (44). (51), Thripsaphis ballii Gill. (56). INSECTS INFESTING THE HEADS. Endothacnia hcbcsana Wlk. Dicymolomia julfanalis Walk. (12). (29). Lymnaccia phragmitdla Platychirus quadratus Say Staint. (14). " (30). Bactra maiorina Hein. (24). Mononychus vulpeculus Fab. Archips obsoletana Walk. (40). (28). INSECT PARASITES. o'Blacus sp. (2) ex Arsilonche albovenosa Goeze. 'Microbracon sp. (3) ex Arsilonche albovenosa Goeze. Macrocentrus ancylivora Rob. (4) ex Arsilonche albovenosa Goeze. Pinipla inquisitorieUa D. T. (5) ex Arsilonche albovenosa Goeze. Rogas stigmator Say (6) ex Arsilonche albovenosa Goeze. Exorista larvarum L. (7) ex Arsilonche albovenosa Goeze. ' Alciodes intennedjus Cress. (8) ex Arsilonche albovenosa Goeze. xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS ' Sceliphron cacrncntarium Drury (10) ex Apatela oblinita A. & S. ' Casinaria ycnnina Nort. (11) ex Apatela oblinita A. & S. / Microbrac on sp. (13) ex Endothacnia hcbcsana \\'lk. / Apantclcs cinctiformis Vier. (18) ex Nonayria oblonga Grote. Muscina stabiilans Fall. (21) ex Archanara subcarnea Kell. Masiccra scnilis Rond. (22) ex Archanara subcarnea Kell. Stunnia niyrita Town. (23) ex Arazama obliqua Walk. Eulophus sp. (27) ex an unidentified Lepidopteron. / Diaiilinus pulchripcs Cwfd. (33) ex Cryptochaetum sp. Tumidiscapus sp. (34) ex Cryptochaetum sp. Elachterinae sp. (45) ex Lymnaccia phragmitella Staint. Macrotcleia sp. (53) ex Conoccphahis sp. Tumidiscapus sp. (54) ex ConocepJmlus sp. BIBLIOGRAPHY. BEUTENMULLER, WILLIAM. 1901. Arsilonchc albovcnosa Goeze. In descriptive catalogue of the Noctuidae found within fifty miles of New York City. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 14; article 20:261. BIRD, HENRY. 1902. Boring noctuid larvae. New York Ent. Soc. Jour. 10:214-216. CLAASSEN, P. W. 1919. A possible new source of food sup- ply. Sci. mo. 9:179:185. ID. 1921. Typha insects : Their ecological relationships. Cor- nell Univ. Agr. Exp. Sta. Memoir 47:459-531. COLE, A. C, JR. 1929. Archanara subcarnea Kell. (Lepidop. : Noctuidae) a host of Masiccra scnilis Rond. (Dipt.: Tachinidae). Ent. News, Vol. 40, No. 7:225. ID. 1930a. The preservation of Lepidopterous larvae by in- jection. Ent. News, Vol. 41 : 106-108. ID. 1930/;. Muscina stabiilans Fall. (Diptera: Muscidae) parasitic on Archanara subcarnea Kell. (Lepidop.: Noc- tuidae). Ent. News, Vol. 41:112. DAVIDSON, W. M. 1917. The cat-tail rush, Typha hit i folia as a summer host of injurious insects. Calif. Com. Hort. Mo. Bui. 6:64-65. GROTE, AUGUSTUS R. 1882. The North American species of Nonagria. New York Ent. Club. Papilio 2:94-99. HOLLAND, W. J. 1913. The moth book. Doubleday, Page & Co., pp. 1-479. NEEDHAM, J. G., and LLOYD, J. T. 1916. The life of inland waters. Pp. 1-438. SATTERTIIWAIT, A. F. 1920. Notes on the habits of Calcudra pcrtina.v ( )liv. Jour. Econ. Ent. 13:280-295. WALTON, W. R. 1908. Notes on the life history of Xona30 (Knowlton). 35. L. KALMII Stal. Dry Lake, July 31, 1926 (Knowlton) ; Logan, June 10, 1926 (Knowlton) ; Promontory, April 18, 1929 (Knowlton) ; Salt Lake City, June 23, 1927 (Knowlton) ; Snowville, April 16, 1929 (Knowlton) ; Stansbury Island, June 13, 1913 (Pack, Hagan, Titus). 36. NYSIUS CALIFORNICUS Stal. Cisco, August 7, 1906; Joseph, August 6, 1907 (Titus). 37. N. ERICAE (Schilling). The false chinch bug is abundant and widespread in Utah and at times causes damage to sugar- beets, grains, and alfalfa. The nymphs and adults appear early in the spring, as soon as the ground warms up. xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 43 38. GEOCORIS BULLATUS (Say). Logan, September 28, 1922 (Knowlton) ; Milford, July 21, 1926 (Knowlton). 39. G. FALLENS Stal." Magna, May, 1927 (Knowlton). 40. G. FALLENS var. dccoratus Uhl. Timpie, July 17, 1927 (Knowlton). Adults and nymphs of Geocoris sp. are com- monly found in the stomachs of lizards (Ufa stansburiana stansburiana B. and G.) collected in northern Utah on deserted dry-farms and Russian thistle patches. Family TINGIDIDAE (Laporte). 41. PIESMA CINEREA (Say). On sugar-beets at Collinston. July 21, 1927 (Knowlton). 42. CORYTHUCHA HiSPiDA Uhler. Stansbtiry Island, June 13, 1913 (Pack, Hagan, Titus). Family PHYMATIDAE (Laporte). 43. PHYMATA EROSA (Linn.). Logan, August, 1929 (Knowl- ton). 44. P. EROSA subsp. FASCIATA (Gray). Brigham City, Sep- tember 10, 1925 (Knowlton) ; Logan, August, 1929 (Knowl- ton) ; Spring Canyon, August 28, 1925 (Knowlton). Family REDUVIIDAE (Latreille). 45. APIOMERUS CRASSIPES (Fabr.). Cedar Spring, June, 1930 (Knowlton); Logan. July 4, 1907 (Titus). 46. TRIATOMA PROTRACT A (Uhler). Logan, September 14, 1928 (Knowlton). 47. ZELUS socius Uhl. Skull Valley, August, 1929 (Knowl- ton) ; Snowville, July, 1929 (Knowlton). 48. SINEA DIADEMA (Fabr.). Draper, August, 1925 (Knowl- ton); Ogden, July, 1929 (Knowlton). 49. S. CONFUSA Caucl. Spring Canyon, August 28, 1925 (Knowlton). Family NARIDAE (Costa). 50. NAIUS FERUS (Linn.). Delta, July 15, 1926 (Knowl- ton) ; Lewiston, July, 1926 (Knowlton) ; Promontory, October, 1929 (Knowlton); Snowville, August, 1929 (Knowlton). Fairly common in northern Utah, in the breeding grounds of the beet leafhopper. Family CIMICIDAE (Latreille). 51. CIMEX LECTULARIUS Linn. The bedbug was abundant in a chicken coop at Logan, July 28, 1 ( >24 (Hawley and Knowl- ton). Reports of infestations and requests for advice on con- trol in houses are frequently received. To keep free from pest many apartment houses fumigate frequently. (To be continued). 44 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Feb., '30 Recapture of Marked Cutworm Moths in a Trap Lantern (Lep. : Noctuidae). By A. E. BROWER, Ithaca, New York. During the summer of 1929 a study of the movement of moths, by marking individuals of species of the genus Catocala (Noctuidae) was carried out. The results were reported in Ent. News, Vol. 41:10-15, 44-46, 1930. In the summer of 1930 a trial experiment was made at Cornell University, in con- nection with the operation of the trap lantern, to determine the feasibility of obtaining data upon the movements of Noctuidae attracted by light. Despite the preliminary nature of the work the unexpected results seem worthy of publication. The trap lantern is located in a secluded situation near the ground between a large outdoor rearing cage and a strip of timber. The light used was a 50 watt electric lamp. In mark- ing the moths each specimen was grasped firmly near the base of the wings on one side with a pair of curve-pointed forceps and a finger supplied for them to cling to. Lacquers were used for marking as they become very gummy and quick drying if left open to the air for a few hours. A different mark was used for each night's catch. Colors were changed as often as necessary to secure simple marks or combinations of marks. Each moth was placed in a container as soon as marked. The catch of four nights was taken about three-eighths of a mile southeast of the trap and released in a growth of weeds and grass beside an overgrown fence row. One night's catch, the second, was tossed out in the grass close to the trap lantern, marking being discontinued and the light turned off at 12:15. The catches of the eight subsequent nights w T ere carried about three-eighths of a mile west of the trap; if this was done about midnight the moths were released under an electric light, but if it was in the morning they were released in a strip of natural trees and bushes. In both cases the plan was to have a number of buildings of the College of Agriculture and several electric lights intervening between the point of release and the trap lan- tern. Marked moths which returned were again carried away with those caught the same night without remarking them. As may be seen in the list of recaptured moths, "recaptures" were secured as follows; after eight days, four moths; nine days, three ; ten days, two ; and twelve days, one. Besides, xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 45 many other specimens were recaptured after shorter periods. Of these ten moths which were retaken after a period of eight or more days, three had been carried southeast of the trap, two had been released at the trap, and five had been carried west from the trap. It is significant that marked moths were retaken every night after the second night and marked moths from each night's catch except two were recaptured. The failure to re- capture any moths from these two nights was probably due to the small numbers marked on these nights with the premature closing of the experiment by cold nights. ( )ne thousand moths were marked in this experiment. Ten moths, or 1% , were recaptured at the trap after a period of eight or more days, the longest period being twelve days. The percentage of recaptures was slightly higher from moths carried southeast of the trap compared with those carried west of the trap. Those released at the trap were recaptured in compara- tively large numbers. This experiment so far as it goes indi- cates that cutworm moths range about freely in an area within a radius of three-eighths mile ; only future experiments can show how much farther. The recapture of twenty moths from the catch released at the trap might be expected, but it seems extraordinary that so many of these, carried away to a consider- able distance beyond buildings and released where lights could lie seen in every direction, should return to a more or less secluded trap lantern. TABLE SHOWING THE NUMBER OF EACH SPECIES MARKED EACH NIGHT AND IN PARENTHESIS THE NUMBER RECOVERED ON SUBSEQUENT DATES. 17 19 19 21 22 Time, p.m. - a.m. 17 Fc-ltia du- cens & 33 46 24 61 30 25 jaculifera (2) (15) (1) (4) Noctua c-nigrum N. nor- maniana N. liaja smithii Asjroperina 4 cluliitans A. helva 3 5 213 (1) (1) 5 (2) AUGUST 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 23 24 25 26 7 28 30 Total 48 Tc II ' 71 54 44 38 46 13 S3 3 (2) cold (2) (3) (1) (30) and 12 stormy 11 13 8 2 1 81 (1) (3) 5 4 3 3 1 2 23 26 23 17 34 19 14 3 1-4 (1i (2) (1) (1) (9) 25 20 12 15 2 9 1 137 (1) (1) (1) (5) 6 3 4 9 4 52 (2) (1) 122 103 113 77 18 (5) (3) (4) (5) (1) (2) ,1.1 (51) 5 10 14 (2) 3 11 11 13 11 (2) 38255 (1) Total ... 40 *62 52 81 74 64 (2) (20) (0) (2) (5) (2) Part of the moths were marked at midnight and part of them in the morning. Since a night includes portions of two days, each night's work is indicated by two dates. A dash indicates operation of trap but no moths marked at midnight. A zero shows that the trap was not operated after midnight. * This night's catch of moths was liberated near the trap. 46 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS LIST OF RECAPTURED MOTHS. [Feb., '30 FELTIA DUCENS AND Date No. JACULIFERA Date of of re- recap- Date No. marking capture tured Date of of re- recap- N. BAJA SMITHII marking Aug. 17P.M. 17 P.M. 17P.M. capture 19A.M. 19P.M. 21A.M. tured 4 5 3 Aug. 17 P.M. 22 A.M. 22 A.M. 21A.M. 2728 31- C? 1 2 1 1 19 P.M. 21A.M. 17A.M. 21A.M. 22 A.M. 2526 1 1 2 2223 Sept. 1 (10 31- Sept 1 1 days ) 1 17P.M. (9 2526 days) 2 2728 (9 1-- 2 days) 21 A.M. 2223 21 A.M. (8 2627 2627 28 P.M. days ) 2 1 1 28P.M. 2930 Sept. 2 3 Sept. 2 3 2 1 2627 (8 2930 days) 2 Sept. 1 2526 2930 1 AGROPERINA DUBITANS 17P.M. 2930 1 Aug. 17P.M. 19A.M. 2 (12 davs ) 2627 2728 1 2223 3031 1 2728 31- 2728 (8 3031 days ) 1 2930 Sept. 1 2 3 1 2526 3031 1 Sept. 1 2627 31- Sept. 1 1 A. HELVA (10 days) Aug. 17 P.M. 19P.M. 1 NOCTUA C-NIGRUM 2223 2526 1 Aug. 21 A.M. 2223 1 2223 2627 1 2526 2627 1 2728 2930 1 19P.M. 2930 1 (10 days) Common Names for Dragonflies (Odonata). By E. B. WILLIAMSON, Museum of Zoology, Ann Arbor, Michigan. The usefulness of common names for insects depends on circumstances which are not the same in all orders or sub- groups. A decision in any specific case, therefore, rests largely with the specialists concerned. So in discussing the value of xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 47 common names for dragonflies, I am not trying to define any general rules for the selection or use of common names for other insects but I shall undertake a discussion of some common names for dragonflies, attempting to determine how useful these names are, or may be, and whether or not they are appro- priate. Common names are essentially more or less local names which find the barriers of language insurmountable so I shall confine myself still farther to the common names of North American dragonflies. Such a discussion seems particularly needed at this time. Professor Needham in his recent Hand- book of North American Dragonflies has proposed some com- mon names and in the same volume has used names of earlier vintage. A second printing of the Handbook is promised and before that is done it seems desirable to frankly discuss this matter of common names for North American dragonflies. In most schools the Handbook will be the only book on dragonflies available to the general student body for an indefinite period, and in many general and private libraries the casual student will find it his only source of detailed information on the subject. It will profoundly influence dragonfly work in North America over a long period, so its methods and probable effects are of interest to every student. Let us now take up these common names in detail. Quota- tions are all from the Handbook. The insects of the order Odonata are now pretty generally known as Dragonflies. Mos- quito Hawks, Snakefeeders, and Snakedoctors are some of the other more local names which cause no confusion and are, I think, never misused or misunderstood. In the past the matter of common names stood thus for many years without confusion and without any inconvenience to anybody. I'ut into this peaceful scene- was injected the name "Damselfly" for the Zygoptera, one of the suborders of the ( Monata. This name was not a folk name anywhere for the Zygoptera. It was a suggested use of the name which was. 1 think, too readily ac- cepted and for about thirty years lias been used without a proper understanding in this connection of the use of the com- mon name "Dragonfly". For example, "the two principal groups of dragonflies that make up the order Odonata are Dragonflies proper and Damselflies". But nowhere in odonate 48 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Feb., '30 literature so far as I can recall is any reference in the text to "dragonflies proper", and later on in the Handbook the "Sub- order Anisoptera" equals "Dragonflies" without any qualifica- tion. Examples of resulting ambiguity are many. "There are more prosaic ways of getting dragonflies. . . . Small dragon- flies and damselflies that sit on the low grasses . . ." In the first line of the paragraph from which this is quoted dragon- flies equals Odonata, and in the fourth line equals Anisoptera. "They all eat other smaller dragonflies." "Dusk-flying and shade dwelling dragonflies run to somber browns." The "Skim- mers" "are the commonest and best known of dragonflies". And under Nannothemis, "These are the smallest of our dragon- flies". "Neoneura . . . are slender damselflies" ; "Hespera- grion . . . are small . . . damselflies" ; but "Zonagrion are slender dragonflies". For thirty years this is the ambiguity throughout odonate literature for which the word "damselflies" is responsible. It has been thus used only by those who have come directly or indirectly in contact with colleges, it was never a folk name, and it may well stand as a warning sign against the hasty coining or new application of common names. I know of students, in two institutions who, when told to collect dragonflies (Odonata), collected only "dragonflies proper" (Anisoptera) during an entire summer. As they were novices with an insect net the results were not happy. In the Handbook, four families are discussed. A common name for only one of these is suggested, Libellulidae, '"The Skimmers". But the Subfamily Libellulinae are called the "Common Skimmers", and the species of the genus Libellula are again, like the Libellulidae, only "The Skimmers", a situ- ation with endless possibilities for confusion. Of the nine suit- families, common names are proposed for four. Lestinae and Coenagrioninae are not named but the much less frequently ob- served Macrominae are called "The Belted Skimmers", though no genus or species in the subfamily is named. The larger subfamily in both genera and species, the Cordulinae, in which two genera have common names, is not named. Of the seventy- five genera, sixteen are named. Of these sixteen genera, eleven have no species with a common name, and five genera among them have nine named species. Certainly in the eleven, if not xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 49 in all, the inevitable result will be that the generic name will be used specifically in different localities for different species, making chaos certain. The rarely observed Cordulegasters, the single genus in the unnamed Cordulegasterinae, are "The Biddies" from a habit of the nymphs when disturbed. Tetra- goneurias with no species named are "Dog-tails" or "Wags". \Yhy there should be two common names for insects so rarely observed and only rarely conspicuous is not clear. And the Enallagmas, also without a named species, are the "Bluets, etc.". But I cannot see just why. And the beautiful insects, beautifully named Tramea, become "The Raggedy Skimmers". Why certain genera such as Celithemis, Pantala, Lestes, Argia, and others, in the light of those named, remained unnamed is not clear. Of the three hundred and sixty species in the Handbook, twenty-two are named. Two of these are among the rarest of all North American dragonflies, certainly hardly fifty specimens of the two together having ever been taken. At least ten of them are either rare or local, or both. Two Aeshnas are named. Based on the material studied by Walker, there are four un- named species commoner than one of these, and nine of the other. Coryphaeschna ingcns is named but the much more widely known, or at least seen, Epiaeschna hcros is not. The rarely seen Nannothemis hella is named the "Blue Bell", and the very abundant Pachydipla.v longipennis is called the "Blue Pirate'.', though neither is blue as that term is used for Odonata. Since there is the single species in each genus it would seem the generic names would serve as splendid common names. Of the one hundred and four species of Coenagrionidae, includ- ing the most abundant species of dragonflies in North America, only two are named, while the very rare two species of Peta- lurinae are both named. And of the two Coenagrionidae named, one is one of the rarer Argias, and the other Tclcbasis sul-ra, "The Flapper." has the distribution given as California, truly not a menace to the country at large. The commonest and most widely distributed aeshnine in North America, /4m /.r jiuiius, is not named, but the rare and local Aini.v walsinghami is. In other words I am neither satisfied with the list of species selected for naming nor pleased with the common names used. 50 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Feb., '30 And I am fully persuaded that any list I might select and the names I might propose would meet with as little general approval. Over a long period of years I have enjoyed the companion- ship on collecting trips of many good and unselfish friends for whose enthusiastic help I have no words to express my appre- ciation. Most of these men have had no connection with col- leges, yet in the field and visiting together long winter evenings we have a common vocabulary for all the dragonflies we know. And this vocabulary is understandable in every continent. I think we shall make no change. But if there must be common names by edict, would it not be well to go slowly and after some discussion of each proposal so that the feeble-minded and tongue-tied student of the future, reared entirely on a diet of common names, may have bequeathed to him a nomenclator vulgaris as exact, appropriate and euphonious as possible? Of course there will always be students whose work will require some knowledge of a more universal nomenclature but that will just be their hard luck. The Meloidae of South Dakota (Coleoptera). 1 By LAURENCE A. CARRUTH, South Dakota State College, Brookings. This paper is based on a collection of 963 labeled Meloids in the Entomology-Zoology department of the South Dakota State College. These insects include thirty species in ten genera and were taken at eighty-one places in forty-five of the sixty-three counties of the State. Every section of the State is well repre- sented. The insects were taken mainly by persons associated at one time or another with the Entomology-Zoology depart- ment of the College. 2 A number of specimens, including prac- tically all those in the following list that are without date or collector's data, were included in the collection of the late P. C. Truman of Volga, South Dakota, which was purchased by the State College in 1910 or thereabouts. A large number of 1 Contribution from the Entomology-Zoology Department of the South Dakota State College, Brookings, So. Dak. The writer gratefully acknowledges the assistance given by Professors H. C. Severin and G. I. Gilbertson of the South Dakota State College, and by Mr. H. S. Barber of the United States National Museum, Xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 51 Meloids, including several species not before reported in the State, have accumulate'* 1 during the past few years as a result of extensive collecting trips made by members of the college Entomology-Zoology department. These insects were not classi- fied or tabulated until recently when the work was undertaken by the writer. The collection at the South Dakota State College is the only one known to contain a representative group of South Dakota Meloidae. Since the data given in this paper greatly extend the ranges of some species over those previously published, and since practically no published reports are available on the Meloidae of adjoining states, it is believed that this report will be of interest. In the following notes the subfamilies and genera are ar- ranged in the order given by Van Dyke. 3 Each species is prefixed by the serial number given in Leng's "Catalog of the Coleoptera of North America North of Mexico." "Sp." below stands for specimen or specimens. Subfamily MELOINAE. 1. (7973) PYROTA ENGELMANNI Lee. Chamberlain, 1 sp. June 15, 1928; Parmelee, 3 sp. June 18, 1927; Rosebud, 1 sp. June 23, 1924; all by (G.I.G.). Wevvela, 1 sp. June 19, 1930 (L.A.C.). White River, 1 sp. June 18, 1927, 1 sp. June 15, 1929, (H.C.S.). Chester, 2 sp. June 15, 1930, (G.B.S.). 2. (7980) P. DAKOTAXA \Yick. Nowlin, 1 sp. June 25, 1928, (H.C.S.). Philip, 11 sp. June 23, 1923, (G.I.G.). Pierre, 4 sp., no data. The Pierre specimens, acquired from the Truman collection, are probably cotypes. 3. (7998) EPICAUTA TRICHRUS Pall. Chester, 3 sp. June 21, 1930, on sweet william (Phlox filosa), (G.B.S.). Elk Point, 2 sp. June 19, 1924; Florence (Medicine Lake), 1 sp. June 23, 1927; all by (G.I.G.). Brookings, 5 sp. ; Hot Springs. 1 sp. ; Volga, 2 sp. ; all no data. 4. (8004) E. FERRTGINEA Say. Brule Agency, 1 sp. Aug. 23, 1929; Buffalo, 1 sp. Sep. 9, 1927; Chamberlain, 2 sp. June 15, 1928; Eureka, 16 sp. Sept. 5, 1930; Forestburg, 1 sp. Aug. 2 In the following re-port, the collectors, where known, are indicated by their initials. These persons are thus represented: L. A. C., Laurence A. Carruth ; M. F., Morton I'Yedricksen ; G. I. G., George I. Gilhcrtson; P. H. J., Paul H. Johnson; L. C. L., L. C. Lippcrt ; M. K. R., Merrill K. Riley; J. A. S., J. A. Salisbury; H. C. S., Harry C. Severin ; G. B. S., Gerald B. Spawn. 3 Univ. of Cal. Publications in Entomology, Vol. 4, No. 12, pp. 404-405, 1928. 52 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Feb., '30 21, 1929; Grass Rope, 6 sp. Aug. 23, 1929; Howell, 14 sp. Sep. 5, 1930; Kadoka (Bad Lands), 3 sp. Aug. 25, 1929; McNeely, 1 sp. Sep. 17, 1930; Miranda, 9 sp. Sep. 5, 1930; Pierre, 1 sp. Aug. 22, 1927; Smithwick, 3 sp. Sep. 15, 1930; White Lake, 13 sp. Aug. 23, 1929; all by G.I.G. Capa, 6 sp. Aug. 12, 1919, 5 sp. Aug. 24, 1922; Orman Dam, 1 sp. Sep. 10, 1929 ; all by H.C.S. Aurora Co., 4 sp., no data. 5. (8005) E. SERICANS Lee. Buffalo, 4 sp. June 20, 1926; Chamberlain, 9 sp. June 15, 1928; Hot Springs, 4 sp. June 26, 1924, 1 sp. Sep. 6, '1923 ; Newell, 3 sp. June 29, 1923 ; Philip, 4 sp. June 23, 1923, Tulare, 1 sp. July 13, 1928; White Lake, 2 sp. Aug. 23, 1923; Whitewood, 1 sp. June 21, 1926; all by G.I.G. Capa, 3 sp. Aug. 24, 1922 ; Nowlin, 1 sp. June 25, 1928 ; all by H.C.S. Pierre, 1 sp., no data. 6. (8007) E. CALLOSA Lee. Chamberlain, 3 sp. June 15, 1928; Newell, 1 sp. June 29, 1923, 8 sp. July 5, 1923, 11 sp. Aug. 19, 1924; all by G.I.G. Capa, 8 sp. Aug. 24, 1922 (H.C.S.) ; Ipswich, 1 sp. July 29, 1929; Pierre, 5 sp. ; Nowlin Co., 4 5 sp. ; all no further data. 7. (8017) E. MACULATA Say. Brule Agency, 1 sp. Aug 23, 1927 ; Cheyenne Agency, 1 sp. July 14, 1928 ; Grass Rope, 5 sp. June 19, 1929; Herried, 8 sp. June 15, 1929; Orman Dam, 2 sp. July 17, 1928; Philip, 3 sp. June 23, 1923; Wall, 1 sp. June 24, 1921 ; all by G.I.G. Brookings, 9 sp. June 13, 1911. Capa, 5 sp. Aug. 24, 1922; Cave Hills, 1 sp. July 22, 1928; Lemmon, 1 sp. Aug. 24, 1924 ; all by H.C.S. Owanka, 11 sp. found on red root (Ccanothus ovatus} and on garden vege- tables, July 14, 1930; Parmelee, 1 sp. June 20, 1930; White River, 14 sp. found damaging garden vegetables, July 14, 1930; all by L.A.C. Nowlin Co., 4 14 sp. ; Slim Buttes, 2 sp. ; Volga, 10 sp. ; all no further data. 8. (8019) E. LEMNISCATA Fab. Canton, 6 sp. Aug. 3, 1922, (H.C.S.) Springfield, 1 sp. Aug. 27, 1926; Tyndall, \ sp. Aug. 27. 1929; all by G.I.G. 9. (8024) E. CINEREA Forst. Brown's Valley, 1 sp. June 23, 1927; Elk Point, 1 sp. June 12, 1925; Meckling, 2 sp. June 15, 1925; Springfield, 1 sp. June 16. 1926; White, 1 sp. Aug. 10, 1927; all by G.I.G. 10. (8032) E. CORVINA Lee. Grass Rope, 3 sp. Aug. 23, 1929, (G.I.G.) ; Hot Springs, 2 sp. Aug. 9, 1917. 11. (8033) E. PENNSYLVANICA DeG. Altamont, 9 sp. Sep. 5, 1930; Buffalo, 2 sp. Sep. 9, 1927; Canton, 2 sp. Aug. 16, 1<)27; Elk Point, 1 sp. Aug. 25, 1926; Englewood, 1 sp. Aug. 1 The specimens labeled "Nowlin County" are from the Truman Collec- tion and were probably taken in the early nineties. Nowlin County no longer exists but has long since been enlarged to form the present Haakon County. xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 30; 1924; Eureka, 9 sp. Sep. 5, 1930; Houghton. 2 sp. Sep. 5, 1930; Howell, 14 sp. Sep. 14, 1930; Lake City, 7 sp. Sep. 5, 1930; Lake Hendricks, 15 sp. Aug. 10, 1927; Lake I'oinsett. 3 sp. Aug. 23, 1927; Letcher, 8 sp. Sep. 7, 1928; Lowry, 17 sp. Sep. 5, 1930; Miranda, 17 sp. Sep. 5, 1930; Mound City, 2 sp. Sep. 5, 1930; Smithwick, 1 sp. Sep. 15, 1930; Wewela, 11 sp. Sep. 16, 1930; White, 1 sp. Aug. 10, 1927; White Lake, 2 sp. Aug. 23, 1929; all by (G.I.G.). Brookings, 22 sp. Aug. 20, 1929; Capa, 2 sp. Aug. 24, 1922; White, 1 sp. July 26, 1922; all by H.C.S. Brookings, 1 sp. Aug. 4, 1929, by P.H.J., 4 sp. Aug. 3, 6, 8 and 27, 1928, all from white sweet clover (Meli- lotiis alba) by M.K.R. and M.F., 5 sp. Aug. 3, 6, 8 and 21, 1928, all from yellow sweet clover (Melilotus officiualis) by M.K.R. and M.F. Springfield, 7 sp. June 15, 1930, by L.A.C. Forestburg, 1 sp. Aug. 21, 1929; Newell, 1 sp. Aug. 20, 1924; Pierre, 3 sp. Aug. 5, 1919; Sisseton, 1 sp. July 31, 1919, 1 sp. Aug. 29, 1921 ; Slim Buttes, 6 sp. ; Yankton, 1 sp. Aug. 7, 1916; all no further data. 12. (8042) MACROBASIS UNICOLOR Kirby. Britton, 4 sp. [uly 10, 1927 ; Brown's Valley, 4 sp. June 23, 1927 ; Buffalo, 3 sp. June 20, 1925; Canton, 1 sp. June 12, 1926; Centerville, 1 sp. June 14, 1928; Chester, 2 sp. June 17, 1930; Meckling, 2 sp. June 13, 1925, 1 sp. June 16, 1926; Newell, 4 sp. July 5, 1925 ; Rapid City, 1 sp. June 25, 1923 ; Redfield, 2 sp. June 21, 1927; Tabor, 1 sp. June 20, 1924; Vermillion, 4 sp. June 11, 1921; Waubay, 1 sp. Aug. 29, 1927; all by (G.I.G.). Brookings. 1 sp. Apr. 29, 1919, 9 sp. June 13, 1911, 3 sp. on Caragana (Siberian Pea) June 16, 1930, 3 sp. June 21, 1918, 2 sp. July 17, 1924; Clover, 2 sp. June 18, 1929; Huron, 7 sp. June >, "1928; Ludlow, 1 sp. June 1, 1928; all by H.C.S. Brookings, 13 sp. from yellow sweet clover (Mclilotns offi- cinalis) fune 25 to July 23, 1928, 21 sp. from white sweet clover (Mclilotns alba) July 7 to Aug. 8, 1928; all by M.K.R. and M.F. Colton, 2 sp.' June 17, 1930; Eureka, 1 sp. June 25, 1930; Irene, 1 sp. June 17, 1930; Parmelee, 2 sp. June 20, 1930; all by L.A.C. Chester, 1 sp. June 29, 1930, (G.B.S.). Garden City, 3 sp. June 26, 1919; Meadow, 4 sp. June 21, 1921 ; Nowlin Co., 4 1 sp. ; Pierre, 1 sp. June 21, 1928; all no further data. 13. (19616) M. MURINA Lee. Brown's Valley. 10 sp. June 23, 1927; Englewood, 1 sp. June 18, 1925; Florence, 1 sp. June 23, 1927; Lead, 2 sp. July 12, 1923; all by G.I.G. Brookings, 1 sp. June 12, 1923; White, 1 sp. July 1, 1925, all by M.C. Brookings, 6 sp. from yellow sweet clover ( Mclilolns officinal is) June 25 to Aug. 8, 1928, by M.K.R. and M.F. 14. (8053) M. IM MACTI.ATA Say. Chamberlain. 2 sp. July 10, 1930, by H.C.S.; White River, 'July 14, 1 ( )30, 29 sp. found causing injury to garden vegetables (L.A.C.). 54 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Feb., '30 15. (8054) M. SEGMENTATA Say. Chamberlain, 9 sp. June 15, 1928; Grass Rope, 11 sp. June 19, 1929; Oglala (Bad Lands), 1 sp. June 20, 1928; Pierre, 1 sp. June 25, 1928, 6 sp. July 15, 1927; Wheeler Bridge, 1 sp. Aug. 20, 1927; White- wood, 4 sp. June 21, 1926; all by (G.I.G.). Brookings, 1 sp. June 15, 1924; Chamberlain, 1 sp. July 15, 1930; White River, 2 sp. May 26, 1921 ; all by H.C.S. White River, 6 sp. found damaging garden vegetables June 14, 1930 (L.A.C.). Interior (Bad Lands), 4 sp. June 19, 1924; Slim Buttes, 6 sp. ; no fur- ther data. 16. (8066) LYTTA NUTTALLI Say. Buffalo, 3 sp. June 20, 1925 ; Newell, 5 sp. June 29 and July 5, 1923 ; Sisseton Ind. Res. 1 sp. June 23, 1927 ; all by G.I.G. Brookings, 4 sp. July 2, 1924; Faulkton, 2 sp. July 10, 1922; all by H.C.S. Selby, 32 sp. July 20 to 30, 1927, by G.I.G., L.C.L. and J.A.S. Brook- ings, 3 sp. June 19, 1891 ; Leola, 4 sp. July 17, 1908, no further data. 17. (8075) L. BIGUTTATA Say. Nowlin Co., 4 3 sp., no data. 18. (8102) L. SPHAERICOLLIS Say. Buffalo, 7 sp. June 20, 1925, 2 sp. Aug. 26, 1924; Chamberlain, 2 sp. June 15, 1928; Grass Rope, 9 sp. June 15, 1929; Mobridge, 3 sp. Aug. 20, 1924; Mossman, 3 sp. July 14, 1928; Philip, 3 sp. June 23, 1923; Whitewood, 12 sp. July 18, 1923; all by G.I.G. Camp Crook, 1 sp. July 21, 1928 (H.C.S.). Hot Springs, 2 sp. June 22, 1930 (L.A.C.). Brookings, 2 sp. ; Mobridge, 1 sp. July 20, 1930; no further data: 19. (8137) HENOUS CONFERTUS Say. Springfield, 1 sp. June 13, 1925, 1 sp. Tune 15, 1928; Yankton, 2 sp. Aug. 30, 1930; all by G.I.G. Yankton, 1 sp. Aug. 6, 1923 (H.C.S.). 20. (8148) MELOE AMERICANUS Leach. Canton, 1 sp. Aug. 27, 1923; 1 sp. Sep. 16, 1925; Custer, 1 sp. Sep. 11, 1927; Englewood, 1 sp. Sep. 14, 1930; Springfield, 1 sp. Aug. 27, 1926; all by G.I.G. Brookings, 2 sp. Oct. 15, 1924. Subfamily NEMOGNATHINAE. 21. (8196) TRICRANIA STANSBURYI Haldeman. Two speci- mens labeled ''South Dakota" were found in the former Tru- man Collection. 22. (8156) ZONITIS ATRIPENNIS Say. Hot Springs, 3 sp. ; Volga, 3 sp. ; no further data. 23. (8158) ZONITIS BILINEATA Say. Yankton, 1 sp. Aug. 6, 1923, (H.C.S.). Aurora Co., 3 sp., no further data. 24. (8l68) GNATHIUM MINIMUM Say. Buffalo, 1 sp. Sep. 9, 1927; Martin, 1 sp. Sep. 3, 1924; all by G.I.G. Hot Springs, 1 sp. ; Pierre, 14 sp. ; Rapid City, 1 sp. ; Volga, 1 sp. ; no further data. 25. (8172) NEMOGNATHA LURIDA Lee. Newell, 1 sp. July xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 5, 1923, (G.I.G.). Brookings, 3 sp. ; Xmvlin Co., 4 5 sp. ; Rapid City, 3 sp. ; Volga, 4 sp. ; no further data. 26. (8174) N. LUTEA Lee. Hot Springs, 2 sp. June 26, 1924; Newell, 1 sp. June 29, 1923; Rosebud, 2 sp. June 18, 1927; all by G.I.G. VVewela, 1 sp. June 19, 1930 (L.A.C.). Nowlin Co., 4 1 sp., no data. 27. (8175) N. BICOLOR Lee. Rapid City, 2 sp. no data. 28. (8178) N. PALLIATA Lee. Lake Oakwood, 1 sp. July 10, 1921 (H.C.S.). Brookings, 8 sp. ; Volga, 3 sp. ; no further data. 29. (8181) N. NIGRIPENNIS Lee. 5 sp. labeled "Western South Dakota" from the Truman Collection. 30. (8185) N. IMMACULATA Say. Aurora Co., 4 sp. ; Hot Springs, 1 sp. ; Nowlin Co., 4 4 sp. ; Rapid City, 2 sp. ; Volga, 2 sp. ; no further data. Relationships of the Gyrinidae (Coleoptera). Part 19 of the Catalogue of Indian Insects (Calcutta: Gov- ernment of India Central Publication Branch 1930, 37 pp.) is on the Gyrinoidea, by George Ochs of Frankfurt am Main. The following is taken from his Preface : "The Gyrinidae are generally considered as a family of the sub-order Adephaga. They are indeed adephagid in some gen- eral characters, in other characters, however, they are abnormal and approach other families, which are far from the adephagous series. From this I concluded, 1 concerning their phylogenetic origin, that the Gyrinidae must be older than the true Adephaga, which opinion was already expressed by Lameere, 2 Fowler 3 and other authors. For this reason, it would perhaps be best, to consider the Gyrinidae as an isolated family, like for ex- ample the Palpicornia, with which they have probably some, tin nigh very distant, relations. Nevertheless, the nearest allies existing are the Adephaga, but if placed in this series, this requires a subdivision, and I feel inclined to follow the arrange- ment of Leng 4 and of Tillyard/' who unite the true Adephaga in a superfamily (Caraboidea) and consider the Gyrinoidea as a section of equivalent value. I cannot agree with Hatch, 1 ' 1 who regards the Gyrinidea [Gyrinidae?] as simply derived from the Dytiscidae, and must therefore reject the arrangement of Handlirsch, 7 who unites the Gyrinidae with the aquatic families of the Adephaga in his Hydrocantharini." 1 Ochs, Ent. Zeitschr. Frankf., XXXX: 122. 1926. " Lameere, Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., XLIV : 376. 1900. 3 Fowler, Fauna Brit. Ind., Col. : 50. 1912. 4 Leng, Cat. Col. N. Amer. : 26. 1920. "Tillyard, Ins. of Austral. & N. Zeal.: 187. 19_V "Hatch, Papers. Midi. Acad., V: 4.30. 1925. 7 Handlirsch in Schrocdcr's Handb. tier Kntnm.. Ill: 550. 1925. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS PHILADELPHIA, PA., FEBRUARY, 1931. Entomology at the Convocation Week Meetings, December 29, 1930, to January 3, 1931. Our annual summary of the entomological items of the programs of the eighty-seventh meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and associated societies, held at Cleveland, Ohio, follows. The number of papers listed by the various societies were : Entomological Society of America 41 American Association of Economic Entomologists 88 American Society of Zoologists 20 Same, Genetics Section 8 Ecological Society of America 4 American Phytopathological Society 1 American Society of Parasitologists 5 American Society of Tropical Medicine 1 Phi Sigma Biological Research Society 10 Invited Papers on Hydrobiology and Agriculture (pages xliv-xlv of the General Program) 2 Total 180 These papers were distributed in subject as follows: i Apiculture 3 General Entomology 4 Insects Affecting Cereals, History of Entomology .. 1 Forage and Field Crops . 22 Collecting, Mounting and Do. Truck Crops 5 Rearing Methods 5 Do. Greenhouse Plants . . 2 Cytology 9 Do. Fruits and Fruit Trees 17 Anatomy 3 Do. Household and Stored Physiology 28 Products 5 Ecology 18 Do. Forest & Shade Trees 7 Geographical Distribution. 13 Do. Carrying Plant Disease Ontogeny 7 Germs 1 Genetics 13 Parasites of Insects 4 ii Insects, etc., Affecting Man Acarina 4 and Other Animals .... 8 Pseudoscorpionida 1 Taxonomy 7 Orthoptera 8 General Economic Ento- Mallophaga 1 mology 4 Isoptera 3 Insecticides 10 Odonata 3 56 xlii, '31 J ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 57 Ephemericla 1 Lepidoptera (excluding Homoptera 16 Codling Moth, Oriental Heteroptera 5 Peach Moth and Corn Coleoptera (excluding llorers) 18 Japanese Beetle) 9 Codling Moth 3 Japanese Beetle 2 Oriental Peach Moth . . 1 Hymenoptera (excluding Corn Borers 9 Honey Bee) 17 Diptera (excluding Honey Bee 5 Drosophila) 24 Trichoptera 1 Drosophila 6 Many of these figures are duplications, both between sec- tions i and ii and also within each section. In addition to the above papers there were exhibits of Pyre- thrum flowers by Alfred Weed and of Mounting Coleoptera, especially Micros, by Henry Dietrich, in connection with the Entomological Society of America, and of the luminosity of butterfly wings by Austin H. Clark. The Entomological Society of America, Dr. Edith M. Patch, president, Prof. J. J. Davis, secretary, met December 30 and 31. Thanks to Mr. J. A. G. Rehn, we present the following comment on the sessions. The attendance averaged from 80 to 100. Prof. C. T. Brues showed remarkable motion pictures of hot springs in action and several of masses of living brine fly larvae ( Ephy- dridae) ; he touched upon naucorids and small water beetles forming part of the insect life of hot springs. Prof. J. G. Need- ham did not give his account of his airplane trip to the West Indies for dragonflies. Mr. C. H. Curran suggested more broad- ly and truly comprehensive monographs, new catalogs and more complete taxonomic descriptions. Dr. E. P. Felt proposed a system of letter symbols for placing insects, based on the Dewey library type. Miss Grace H. Griswold gave the length of adult life in the Webbing Clothes Moth (Tincola hiselliclla Hum.) as 6-40 days in the female, 6-70 days in the male, the bulk of the individuals of the two sexes respectively living 23 and 43-53 days. Prof. H. B. Hungerford described his recent visit to the entomological museums of Upsala, Stockholm, Copenhagen, Kiel, Hamburg, Halle, Berlin, Berlin-Dahlem, Vienna, P>uda- Pest, Paris, Brussels, Amsterdam, Oxford and London. Prof. H. Osborn gave notes on the work of Jared Potter Kirtland in Ohio. Prof. B. B. Fulton gave an analysis of the species of the cricket genus Neinohins, spoke of the application of previous!} unused male genital characters, de-scribed the anatomv of the genitalia of both sexes, discussed the physiological and ecological forms in several subspecies of A", fascialiis and illustrated typical habitats of various forms. Mr. J. W. Wilson described injury 58 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Feb., '30 to vegetables in Florida by Tibiccn davisi. Mr. George S. Tul- loch described the ditching done in Nantucket in 1930 to control mosquitoes as the first general major state project ; the results were very satisfactory. Mr. F. H. Wilson gave the duration of the incubation period of the egg of Lipcums hctcrographus as 6-7 days, 1st instar 6-12 days, 2nd instar 10-11 days, 3rd instar 12-14 days, adult ( $ ) 37, ( 9 ) 38 days. Prof. R. H. Beamer stated that Brood IV of the Seventeen Year Cicada has been known in Kansas since 1825 ; it appeared in the eastern portion of the State in 1930, largely as the form cassini, probably local- ized to specific environments ; he held scptcndccim and cassini to be clearly distinct species (e.g., differences in number of eggs laid, in song) having in common only the periodic habit and occurrence in the same brood. Prof. C. L. Metcalf, by aid of very finely presented diagrams and charts, gave a summary of temperate and some tropical insects, ticks, mites and spiders that bite man; he omitted Dcnnatobia. Dr. N. E. Mclndoo de- scribed the geotropic and phototropic responses of the Mexican Bean Beetle as well as those to various types of sprayed foliage after determination of preference to sour, bitter and sweet sub- stances. Mr. C. E. Abbott spoke of the proboscis reflex of decapitated flies. The annual public address of the Society was given on the evening of December 30 by Prof. H. J. Ouayle, comprising an account of several trips to the Mediterranean area, southern Africa, Japan and Australia, studying the Mediterranean fruit fly problem. At the business meeting, twenty-five dollars was voted to the Zoological Record. The Committee on the United States National Museum reported the acquisition of the Barnes collec- tion of Lepidoptera by the museum. A committee on the Fifth International Congress of Entomology was authorized, the chairman to be appointed by the president. The new officers elected were president, J. W. Folsom; vice presidents, J. M. Swaine and Harold Morrison; J. J. Davis re-elected secretary- treasurer. The annual address by the president of the American Associa- tion of Economic Entomologists, this year Mr. Franklin Sher- man, was on Census Taking in Entomology, given on the morn- ing of December 31. The Entomologists' Dinner was on the evening of the same day. President Sherman presented Dr. W. E. Britton as toast- master. Dr. W. J. Holland was the guest of honor. Addresses were made by Doctors Holland, Patch, Felt, Needham, Herbert Osborn, O'Kane, Vernon Kellogg, Lutz, Burgess and Arthur Gibson ; about 300 attended. xlii, '31] EXTOMOLOGICAL \K\VS 59 Entomological Literature COMPILED BY LAURA S. MACKEY UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF E. T. CRESSON, JR. Under the above head it is intended to note papers received at the Academy of Natural Sciences, of Philadelphia, pertaining to the En- tomology of the Americas (North and South), including Arachnida and Myriopoda. Articles irrelevant to American entomology will not be noted; but contributions to anatomy, physiology and embryology of insects, however, whether relating to American or exotic species will be recorded. The numbers within brackets I ] refer to the journals, as numbered in the list of Periodicals and Serials published in the January and June numbers (or which may be secured from the publisher of Entomological News for lOc), in which the paper appeared. The number of, or annual volume, and in some cases the part, heft, &c. the latter within ( ) follows; then the pagination follows the colon : All continued papers, with few exceptions, are recorded only, at their first installments. 'Papers containing new forms or names have an * preceding the author's name. (S) Papers pertaining exclusively to neotropical species, and not so indicated in the title, have the symbol (S) at the end of the title of the paper. For records of Economic Literature, see the Experiment Station Rec- ord, Office of Experiment Stations. Washington. Also Review of Applied Entomology, Series A, London. For records of papers on Medical Ento- mology, see Review of Applied Entomology, Series B. Hf^Note the change in the method o/ citing the bibliographical refer- ences, as explained above. Papers published in the Entomological News are not listed. GENERAL. Aurivillius, C. Obituary. By L. R. N. [Norsk Ent. Tidsskrift] 2: 307-308. Bibliographia Zoologi- ca. Volume 40. 472 pp. Cockerell, T. D. A. The description and figuring of imperfect fossils. [68] 72: 654. Gunn, N. R- The Norman R. Gunn collection of butterflies. By E. P. Van Duzee. [55] 7: 72. de Joannis, J. Quelques eclair- cissements a propos de la loi de priorite. [Lambillionea] 1930: 180-181. Internationale Kongres for Entomologi. IV. [Norsk Ent. Tidsskrift] 2: 310-315. McDonald, F. W. -Memories of some Old London Entomologists. [Pro. So. Lond. Ent. & Nat. Hist. Soc.] 1929-30: 1-6. Tillyard, R. J. -A new theory of the evolution of the insects. 131 I 126: 996-998. ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, ETC. Brindley, T. A.- The growth and development of Ephestin kuehniclla and Tribolium confusum under controlled conditions of tempera- ture and relative humidity. [7] 23: 741-757, ill. Bugnion, E. Les pieces buccales, le sac infrabuccal et le pharynx des lourmis. [Bull. Soc. R. Ent. Egypte] 1930: 85-204, ill. Chu- doba, S. Appareil centriolaire dans les cellules sexuelles males chez Dytiscus marginalis. |77] 105 : 617-619, ill. Dun- ham, W. E. -Temperature gradient in the egg-laying activ- ities of the queen bee. [43] 30: 403-410, ill. Flanders, S. E. -Wax secretion in the Rhizobiini. (Col.) |7] 23: 808-809, ill. Howland, L. J. The nutrition of mosquito larvae, with special reference to their algal 'food. [22| 21: 431-440, ill. Marcovitch & Stanley. The climatic limitations of the 60 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Feb., '30 Mexican bean beetle. [7] 23: 666-686, ill. Mehta, D. R.- Observations on the influence of temperature and humidity on the bionomics of Dysdercus cingulatus. [22] 21 : 547-562, ill. Misra, A. B. On the post-embryonic development of the female lac insect, Laccifer lacca (Coccidae). [22] 21 : 455-467, ill. Oakland, F. Studien ueber die arbeitsteilung und die teilung des arbeitsgebietes bei der roten waldameise (Formica rufa). [46] 20: 63-131, ill. Paterson, N. F. The bionomics and morphology of the early stages of Paraphoe- don tumidulus. ( Phytophaga, Chrysomelidae). [93] 1930: 627-676, ill. Pfeiffer & Stammer. Pathogenes leuchten bei insekten. |46] 20: 136-171, ill. Portier, P. Respiration pen- dant le vol chez les lepidopteres. [69] 105 : 760-764. Pou- tiers, R. Influence de certains facteurs sur la nymphose des larves de Ceratitis capitata. [77] 105: 709-710.' Regnier & Lespes Sur 1'existence d'une generation estivale chez le Criquet pelerin (Schistocera gregaria). [69] 191: 1082-1083. Reinig, W. F. Phaenoanalytische studien viber rassenbild- ung. Psithyrus rupestris. [89] Syst. 60: 257-280, ill. Zacher, F. Untersuchungen zur morphologic und biologic der sa- menkafer (Bruchidae-Lariidae). [Arb. Biol. Reichs. f. Land- u. Forstw.] 18:233-384, ill. ARACHNIDA AND MYRIOPODA. Brumpt, M. E. Parasitisme latent de 1'lxodiphagus caucurtei chez les larves gorgees et les nymphes a jeun de divers ixodines (Ixodes ricinus et Rhipicephalus sanguineus). [69] 191: 1085-1087. *Ewing, H. E. A fossil arachnid from the lower carbonifer- ous shales (Pocono formation) of Virginia. [7] 23: 641-643, ill. *Jackson, A. R. Results of the Oxford University Ex- pedition to Greenland, 1928. Aranee and Opiliones collected by Major R. W. G. Kingston ; with some notes on Icelandic spiders. [75] 6:639-656, ill. THE SMALLER ORDERS OF INSECTS. Borror, D. J. Notes on the Odonata occurring in the vicinity of Silver Lake, Logan County, Ohio, from June 25 to September 1, 1930. [43] 30: 411-415. *Hilton, W. A. Pauropoda from North America. [7] 23: 765-783, ill. Jaffuel, P. F. Contri- bucion al estudio de los Mecopteros. [44] 33: 537-549, ill. (S). *Navas, R. P. L. Insectos Neotropicos. Algunos in- sectos de Chile. [44] 33: 17-24, 326-334, ill. ORTHOPTERA. Allard, H. A. The occurrence of the crickets Anaxipha pulicaria and Cycloptilum trigonipalpum (Rehn and Hebard) in the vicinity of the District of Col- umbia, hitherto unreported here. [10] 32: 144-146. *Cho- pard, L. Descriptions de Gryllides americains nouveaux. [44] 33: 522-531, ill. (S). *Fuiton, B. B. Notes -on Oregon xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 61 orthoptera with descriptions of new species and races. [7] 23: 611-641. *Sjostedt, Y. Orthopterentypen im Natur- historischen Reichmuseum zu Stockholm. I Mantidae. (S). f83| 21 A, No. 32: 1-43. ill. HEMIPTERA. deLong, D. M. Yenational characters in Typhlocybinae Avin.q- s . [43] 30: 398-402. ill. *Knight, H. H. A new key to Paracalocoris with descriptions of eight new species (Miridae). [7] 23: 810-827. *Osborn, H.- N'orth American leafhoppers of the Athysanella group (Cicadellidae). [7] 23: 687-720. ill. Rivnay, E Host selec- tion and cannibalism in the bed bug Cimex lectularius. |7] 23: 758-764. *Walley, G. S. Notes and descriptions of species of Arctocorixa from Ontario and Quebec (Corixi- dae). [4] 62: 280-286. ill. LEPIDOPTERA. *d'Almeida, R. F. Etude sur le genre Terias. [44] 33 : 421-427. ill. Felt, E. P. The Norway maple Nepticula. [10] 32: 146-149. *Gehlen, B Neue Sphingiden. (S). [14] 44: 258-259. ill. Hoffman, F. Beit- rage zur Naturgeschichte brasilianischer schmetterlinge. I. [45] 25: 93-112. Keifer, H. H. Argyresthias found in Golden Gate Park, San Francisco. [55] 7: 76. *Michael, O. -Neue Agrias-Ab. vom mittleren Amazonas. [14] 44:273- 277, cont., ill. *Sternitsky, R. F. A new subspecies of Ple- bejus icariodes. [55] 7: 93-94. DIPTERA. ^Alexander, C. P. New species of crane flies from South America. Part. TV. (Tipulidae). [7] 23: 721- 740. * Alexander, C. P. New or little-known species of the genus Gnophomyia Osten Saken from Ecuador and Peru (Tipulidae). [44]" 33: 164-168. ill. de Andrade, E. N. Sub- sidios para a entomologia agricola Brasiliera. VIII. Pes- quizas sobre a biologia da mosca da Madeira. Pantophthal- mus pictits. [Arch. Ins. Biol., Sao Paulo] 3: 249-286, ill. Andrews, H. W. The earlier stages of Diptera. [Pro. So. Lond. Ent. & Nat. Hist. Soc.] 1'L*)-30: 17-29. *da Costa Lima, A. Sobre especies do goncro Miamyia subgenero Miamyia (Culicidae ). [Mem. Inst. ()swaldo Cruz] 24: 187- 194. ill. (S). Curran, C. H. A new Gymnopternus from Oregon (Dolichopidae). |4| 62: 287. Gibbins, E. G. A simple method of making permanent microscope mounts of mosquito larvae. [22] 21: 429-430. ill. Leeson, H. S.- Variations in the wing ornamentation of Anopheles funestus. |22| 21 : 421-428, ill. ' *Painter, R. H. Notes on some Bom- byliidae from the Rq>ul)lic of Honduras. [7| 23: 793-807, ill. Roberts, R. A. The wintering habits of muscoid flies in Iowa. |7| 23: 784-792. *Seguy, E. Note sur quatre Toxo- dc rAmeri(|ue centrale et meridionale. [44] 33: 62 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Feb., '30 532-536, ill. Stuardo, C. Notas entomologicas un genero de Nemestrinidae no mencionado para la fauna chilena. [44] 33: 161-163, ill. *Van Duzee, M. C. New Dolichopodidae from Connecticut. [40] 439: 5pp. *Webber, R. T. A re- vision of the N. A. Tachinid flies of the genus Achaetoneura. [50] 78 (10): 37 pp., ill. COLEOPTERA. *Arangua, E. V. Contribuciones al estudio de los Cicindeliclae. VI. Una nueva especie de Cicin- dela de Mexico. [44] 33: 504-506, ill. *Carr, F. S New Canadian Coleoptera. I. [4] 62: 278-279. *Dallas, E. D.- Ceroglossus Chilensis ab. Porteri, nov. ab. Sinopsis de la familia Karumiidae y nota sobre una especie sud-americana de la misma. [44] 33: 351-353, 386-394, ill. *Fall, H. C. A new Aphodius and a new genus and species of Buprestidae from California. [55] 7: 73-76. *Fisher, W. S. A new species of Chrysobothris infesting strawberry plants (Bu- prestidae). [10] 32: 149-152. *da Fonseca, J. P. Urna nova especie do genero Coccotrypes Ipidae Cryphalinae. (S). [Arch. Ins. Biol., Sao Paulo] 3: 87-92, ill." Hinton, H.- Observations on two California beetles [55] 7: 94-95. *Horn, W. Stir deux especes nouvelles d'Odontochila neotropiques et quelques autres especes rapprochees. [44] 33: 154-158, ill. Joseph, H. C. El Pinotus torulosus. [44] 33: 31-46, ill. Lever, R. J. A. W. Notes on nomenclature of some Neo- tropical Chrysomelidae with descriptions of two new species. [75] 6: 668-671, ill. *Linsley, E. G. New Pogonocherus and Ecyrus (Cerambycidae) with notes concerning others. [55] 7: 77-90, ill. *Martin, J. O. Two new coleopterous in- sects from Arizona. [55] 7: 70-72. Melzer, J. Longicorneos do Brasil, novos ou pouco conhecidos (Cerambycidae). [Arch. Ins. Biol., Sao Paulo] 3: 187-208, ill. d'Orchymont, A. Sur deux Palpicornia ( Hydrophiloidea) chiliens appar- tenant a la famille des Hydraenidae. [44] 33: 96-102, ill. *Pierce, W. D. Studies of the N. A. weevils belonging to the superfamily Platystomoidea. [50] 77 (17): 34pp., ill. *Ray, E. A study of South American Mordellidae. [Col- eop. Contri.] 1: 161-172, ill. Tragardh, I. Studies on the galleries of the bark-beetles. [22 J 21 : 469-480, ill. *Uhmann, E. Amerikanische Hispinen aus den museen ftir Tierkunde und Volkerkunde zu Dresden. [48] 47: 149-155, ill. (S). HYMENOPTERA. *Alfken, J. D. Wissenschaftliche ergebnisse der schwedischen entomologischen Reisen des Herrn. Dr. A. Roman 1914-15 und 1923-24 in Amazonas. Apidae. |83| 21 A, No. 28: !-!(>. Bequaert, J. Ashmead's genus Polistella ( Vespidae). [55] 7: 91-93. :i: Borgmeier, T. Duas rainhas de Eciton e algumas outras Formigas Brasi- xlii, '31] ' ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 63 leiras. [Arch. Ins. Biol., Sao Paulo] 3: 21-40, ill. Prison, T. H. A contribution to the knowledge of the bionomics of Bremus americanorum. [7] 23: 644-665, ill. Herbst, P. Sobre Caupolicana hirsuta. [44] 33: 65-73, ill. (S). *Reed, E. P. Nuevo genero de avispas masaridas chilenas (Noticia preliminar). 1 44] 33: 507-510, ill. : ' : Santschi, F. Quelqnes fourmis de Cuba et du Bresil. [Bull. Soc. R. Ent. Egypte] 1930: 75-83. Weld, L. H. Notes on types (Cynipidae). [10] 32: 137-144. "Wilkinson, D. S. New Species and host records of Braconidae. [22] 21: 481-487. ill. (S). Archilestes grandis (Ramb.) in Ohio (Odonata: Agrionidae). The following is extracted, at the Editor's request, from a letter from the undersigned to Dr. F. M. Gaige, dated October 17, 1927. "I was down at Oxford, Ohio, September 25, 1927, and had a most remarkable experience. There is a little brook which runs through the west side of the campus at the Western College, and which at its head is merely a draw. One branch of this draw goes back of some houses on the campus, and is apparently little more than a sewer ; septic tanks are located on it. Another branch of the draw goes back into the Miami campus, and receives refuse liquids from the chemical laboratory and the power house. In fact, the crawfish farther down in the creek and still within the campus above the rustic bridge, were all dead so far as I could discover, though there were a few mayfly and stonefly larvae in the creek. Through the campus this little creek meanders among well-sodded knolls or rounded hills which are kept mowed with lawn mowers. At one place it is dammed to form a small pool, possibly an acre in extent. A driveway is built on the dam, forming this pool. Just above the pool is a little rustic foot-bridge over the creek. Here the creek is a foot or two wide and when I saw it two weeks ago and last Monday, there was a very small flow of water. The creek bed itself, just above the foot-bridge, is com- posed of broken up thin pieces of very fossiliferous limestone. There are a few small willows, mint, asters, and such vegeta- tion on the creek, but it is practically entirely open and virtually landscaped just a little artificial-looking dab of scenery. But when 1 walked down to it two weeks ago last Sundav, YOU o - j can imagine my surprise when, just above the foot-bridge, I found .-Irchilcstcs i/nnnlis living. Can you imagine such a 64 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Feb., '30 thing? It is altogether the most surprising find I have ever made in collecting dragonflies. I collected four of them (3 $ , 1 9 ) that day when I first found them and saw possibly a dozen more. Last Tuesday (October 11)1 collected five more (4 $ , 1 9 ) and saw several I did not disturb. Some were ovipositing, as far as I observed (and I made only three obser- vations) in living twigs of willow and elm, and in dead twigs of sycamore. The twigs selected were from one foot to ten feet elevation, and in every case, over the water. In ovipositing they flew in couple, often alighting on twigs a little distance from above the water or even in trees or shrubs back from the creek bank, but in no case was oviposition observed in a situ- ation from which the larvae would not fall directly into the water. "The creek flows through the dam, forming the pool, in an arched cement culvert, and passes at once into an uncared for brush woodlot, much more shaded than above the rustic bridge. Here, just below the culvert, several Arcliilcstes were seen on September 25, but, though I looked for them there on October 11, none were seen though they were in undiminished numbers just above the bridge." At the time I visited Oxford I talked with a caretaker on the Western College campus who told me that in the sixteen years he had been there, he thought the creek had never been dry, and that in the winter it never froze but "steamed" all winter. He said the chemicals it carried killed all the gold fish, planted in the pool several times. On October llth I visited several other small streams emptying into the same stream into which the campus creek flowed but found no Archilcstcs on any of them. On the campus stream the Archilcstcs flew along the creek, and occasionally breezed out over the adjacent lawn to a distance of maybe 50-100 feet from the stream, flying 2-3 feet high, and returning to the stream without alighting at any distance from it. Strange as it may seem, during such flights in the sun, out from the stream and back again, they somehow suggested a gomphine that is at a distance, of course. Arcliilcstes grandis was associated on the creek with Acshna miibrosa. At the pond on the same date (October 11) were Sympetntm vicinum, Ana.r jnnins, Ischnura vcrticalis and Enallagma civile. E. B. WILLIAMSON, Bluffton, Indiana. Archilestes in Ohio (Odonata, Agrionidae). Nymphs of the damselfly, Archilcstcs, (A. grandis?) have been found in pools about Dayton, Ohio. Heretofore the known range of this genus has been from Washington to California, except in one instance from Arkansas. The record was verified by Dr. J. G. Needham. CHARLES W. COTTERMAN, Dayton, Ohio. Subscriptions for 1931 are now payable. MARCH, 1931 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS Vol. XLII No. 3 HENRY SKINNER 1861-1926 CONTENTS Hebard The Races of Diapheromera veliei (Orthoptera, Phasmidae, Heteronemiinae) ... 65 Laurent Notes on Tremex columba Linn. (Hymen. : Siricidae) ... 67 Knowlton Notes on Utah Heteroptera and Homoptera 68 , Frost New Species of West Indian Agromyzidae (Diptera) ... 72 Hatch The Status of Leng's Classification of the Coleoptera 76 Pate A New Belomicrus from the West (Hymen.: Sphecidae).. 77 Chamberlin A New Milliped of the Genus Fontaria from Mississippi (Chilognatha: Xystodesmidae). Barber Change of address 79 Talbot The Naming of Individual Variants in Lepidoptera 80 Bequaert Midges on Wings of Odonata 82 Barringer Bites by Aphis Lion (Neur. : Chrysopidae) Entomological Literature 84 Review Bradley's Manual of the Genera of Beetles 88 Review Thomas Say, Early American Naturalist 90 Review The African Republic of Liberia and the Belgian Congo.. . . 93 Obituary James H. Emerton 95 Obituary Jurius Philiptschenko.. . . . . 95 Obituary James S. Hine, Fritz Ris 96 PHILADELPHIA, PA. THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Logan Square Entered at the Philadelphia, Pa., Post Office as Second Class Matter. 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The printer of the "News" will furnish reprints of articles over and above the twenty- five given frc at the following rates: One or two pages, twenty-five copies. 35 cents: three or four pages, twenty-five copies, 70 cents; five to eight pages, twenty-five copies, $1.40; nine to twelve pages, twenty-five copies, $2.00; each half-tone plate, twenty-five copies, 30 cents; each plate of line cuts, twenty-five copies. 25 cents: greater number? of copies will he at the corresponding multiples of these rates. JNTOMOLOGICAJ^NEWS^ VOL. XLII. MARCH, 1931 No. 3 The Races of Diapheromera veliei (Orthoptera, Phasmidae, Heteronemiinae). By MORC.AN HEBARD, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Recently in our studies of the Orthoptera of Kansas we found that Diapheromera I'dici Walsh, occurred in its typical form over that entire State, its maximum abundance being reached in the central Great Plains. It is apparently less hardy than Dia- pheromera fcinontta (Say) as its known northern limits are Lake Hendricks, South Dakota, and Julesburg, Colorado, while toward the foot of the Rocky Mountains in Colorado (except probably in its southern portion) it disappears, this probably due there to the greater elevation and consequently more boreal environment of the plains. To the south we have it typical as far as Stillwater, Oklahoma, Dalhart, Texas, and Vaughn, New Mexico, and it reaches west- ward over the lower divides of the Rockies as far as Albuquerque, in the latter State. Further south in Texas and New Mexico, however, we find it supplanted by a geographic race and study of the literature convinces us that that race must bear the name Diapheromera veliei mesilhina Scudder. The following data lead to this conclusion. DIAPHEROMERA VELIEI MESILLANA Scudder. 1901. Diapheromera uicsillauu Scudder, Psyche, IX, p. 189. [[Juv.] $ ; between Mesilla and Las Cruces, New Mexico.] 1 ( )07. B\acnnculns\ te.vanus Brunner, Insektenfam. der Phasmiden, p. 333. [ 5 , $ ; Texas. 1 ] Scudder described mesillana from immature males and, though difficult to associate specifically, we have sufficient such material to be satisfied that the species represented is the same as that 1 The specimen recorded from New York was either mislabeled or repre- sents a distinct species. 65 66 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., '31 here discussed from large series of adults. In the Rio Grande valley of New Mexico this is the only species of this type present. Brunner's description of Bacunculus tcxanus is very unsatis- factory. Probably immature material (at least in part), in which femoral spines are often lacking, led to the generic assignment, as there is no Heteronemiid found in the United States in which the adults have both median and caudal femora unarmed. Select- ing Texas as type locality of tc.ninus, we find that the description fits best the present insect of the forms which occur in that State and we therefore place that name as a synonym. With the wealth of material which was available in preparing "Die Insekten- familie der Phasmiden" it is very regrettable that the work throughout is so very superficial and inaccurate. Fig. 1. Diaphcromera vclici vcliei Walsh. Lateral view of male poculum. Syracuse, Kansas. (Much enlarged.) Fig. 2. Diaphcromera vcliei mesillana Scudder. Lateral view of male poculum. Foothills of Ord Mountains, Brewster County, Texas. (Much enlarged.) This race differs from typical vcliei in having the male poculum very broadly lipped, while in the female sex the femoral apices are usually strikingly suffused with black. The head averages broader, but this is apparently not constant, and the female cerci average considerably shorter. Though in all central Texan material the female femoral apices are conspicuously black, this marking is wholly absent in a female before us from Vaughn, New Mexico and in one from El Paso, Texas. It is, however, very decided in a female from Pecos, Texas and in one from Lake Valley, Sierra County, New Mexico. Absence of such marking, never found in typical vcliei, may indicate that such an individual has developed in different plants or bushes than are usually selected by the present insect. xlii, '31 | ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS (>7 Intergraclation with relief relici is shown by the following material. A large series from Midland, Texas, has the male proculum as in typical vclici; the females have the femoral apices narrowly suffused with black and the cerci very elongate, even more elongate than the average for relief relief, in which mure- individual variation in this feature is shown than in relief uiesillana. A large series from Melena, Chaves County, New Mexico, is similar except that the female cerci are slightly shorter, though much longer than in relief inesilldnu. The range of the present race extends from Lake Valley and Deming, New Mexico, east to Robstown and Cisco, Texas. It was reported from San Diego, Alice and Victoria, Texas, as relici by Caudell in 1918. 2 It is one of the most abundant and generally distributed Phasmids in central Texas, where it is particularly encountered on the low mesquite trees which there are thickly scattered over the plains. Its area of intergradation with relici relief apparently extends from central-northern east New Mexico eastward. Notes on Tremex columba Linn. (Hymen.: Siricidae). In the latter part of May, near my home in the suburbs of Philadelphia, I noticed a maple tree that was dead or nearly so ; on examining the trunk of the tree I found numerous larvae of Trcmc.v columba. I cut out a section of the trunk about 20 inches long and 10 inches in diameter, taking it home and placing it in one of my breeding cages. The first Treine.v emerged on June 16. From June 16 to 26, 96 males and 10 females emerged ; 7 males and 22 females were obtained from June 27 to July 6, from July 7 to 16, 5 males and 1 female, 6 males and 5 females from. July 17 to 31, and 6 males and 4 females during the month of August. In all 162 Trenie.r emerged from this small section cut from the trunk of the tree, -120 males and 42 females. I kept the log for some time but did not obtain any specimens after the month of August. Have wondered how many hundred Treiue.v coluniha there were in that tree, which was about 25 feet high and 12 inches in diameter. PHILIP LAURENT. " Ent. News, XXIX, p. 25. 68 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., '31 Notes on Utah Heteroptera and Homoptera. By GEORGE F. KNOWLTON. (Continued from page 43). Family ANTHOCORIDAE (Am. and Serv.). 52. ANTHOCORIS ANTEVOLENS White. In leaves curled by ProcijyJiilus fra.vinifolii (Riley), Hyrum, June, 1929 (Knowl- ton). Family MIRIDAE (Hahn). 53. TRIGONOTYLUS RUFICORNIS (Geoff.). On barley in Cache Valley, 1929 (Pack); on beets at Logan, Aprif 20, 1929 (Knowlton) ; on wheat and oats, Salt Lake City, 1929 (Pack) ; on Chcirinia rcpanda, Snowville, June, 1930 (Knowlton). 54. ADELPTIOCORIS SUPERRUS (Uhl.). Brigham City, Sep- tember 12, 1925 (Knowlton) ; on beets at Fielding, August 28, 1925 (Knowlton) ; on sugar-beets, Hooper, June 29, 1929 (Knowlton) ; Logan, August 19, 1925 (Knowlton) ; Manti, July 26, 1927 (Knowlton) ; Provo, September 8. 1923 (Haw- ley) ; Trenton, September 7, 1923 (Knowlton). 55. IRBISIA BRACHYCERUS var. SOLANI Heid. Amalga, June, 1928 (Knowlton); Logan, July 5. 1929 (Knowlton). 56. THYRILLUS PACIFICUS (Uhl.). Howell, July 3, 1928 (Knowlton). 57. LYGUS PRATENSIS (Linn.). The tarnished plant bug is present throughout Utah, commonly attacking sugar-beets, alfalfa, potatoes, and many other crops. It often becomes ex- tremely abundant and more or less damaging. 58. L. PRATENSIS var. HESPERUS Kngt. Frequently taken on beets and alfalfa. 59. L. PRATENSIS var. ELISUS Van D. This species is com- mon in Utah and has been collected at Arthur, Bear River City, Cornish, Cove, Delta, Farmington, Fairfield, Garland, Hyde Park, Logan, Lynndyl, Millville, Ogden, Riverside, Tremon- ton, Wanship, Willard, and many other places. 60. MELANOTRICHUS BREVIROSTRIS Knight. Bear River City, September 9, 1925 (Knowlton). 61. PLAGIOGNATHUS POLITUS Uhl. On beets at Willard, July 26, 1927 (Knowlton). 62. ATOMOSCELIS MODESTUS (Van D.). On sugar-beets at Lewiston, June 5, 1929 (Knowlton) ; on mustard at Snowville, May 18, 1929 (Knowlton). 63. CLAMYDATUS ASSOCIATUS (Uhl.). Bear River City, Sep- tember 9, 1925 (Knowlton) ; Brigham City, September 10, 1925 (Knowlton) ; Garland, September 6, 1925 (Knowlton) ; Lewis- xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 69 ton, August 8, 1929 ( Knowlton) ; Trenton, September 1, 1925 (Knowlton). 64. CAMPYLOMMA VERBASCI (Meyer). On sugar-beets at Ogden, June 23, 1927 (Knowlton). Family GERRIDAE (Am. and Serv.). 65. GERRIS REMIGIS Say. Benson, April 8, 1930 (Knowl- ton) ; Grantsville, April 3, 1930 (Knowlton) ; Lehi, April 4, 1930 (Knowlton) ; Logan Meadows, April 8, 1930 (Knowl- ton) ; Providence, June, 1930 (M. J. Janes). 66. LIMNOPORUS RUFOSCUTELLATUS Latr. Benson, April 8, 1930 (Knowlton) ; Logan, and Logan Meadows, April 8, 1930 ( Knowlton ) . Family NOTONECTIDAE (Leach). 67. NOTONECTA IRRORATA Uhl. Logan, October 1, 1922 (Knowlton). 68. N. UNDULATA Say. Logan, October 7, 1922 (Knowlton). 69. N. UNIFASCIATA Guer. Grantsville, April 12, 1930 (Knowlton) ; Lehi, April 4, 1930 (Knowlton) ; Locomotive Springs, April 10, 1930 (Knowlton) ; Pleasant Grove, April 4, 1930 (Knowlton). 70. N. KIRBYI Hung. Grantsville, April 12, and May 26, 1930 (Knowlton) ; Logan. October 1, 1922 (Knowlton) ; Skull Valley, April 12, 1930 (Knowlton and C. H. Smith). Family BELOSTOMIDAE (Leach). 71. LETHOCERUS AMERICANUS (Leidy). Lehi, May 27, 1930 (Knowlton, M. J. Janes) ; Logan, November, 1923 (Knowl- ton) ; Ogden, August, 1929 (Knowlton) ; Salt Lake City, July 18, 1921 (Knowlton). Family CORIXIDAE (Leach). 72. ARCTOCORIXA LAEVIGATA (Uhl.). American Fork, April 4, 1930 (Knowlton) ; Lehi, April 4, 1930 (Knowlton) ; Loco- motive Springs, April 12, 1930 (Knowlton), Logan, April 12, 1930 (Knowlton) ; Pleasant Grove, April 4, 1930 (Knowlton) ; Salt Lake City, May 27, 1930 (Knowlton) ; Skull Valley, April 3, 1930 (Knowlton). Order HOMOPTERA Latreille. Family CICADIDAE (Latreille). 73. DICEROPROCTA APACHE Davis. St. George. 1919 (R. A. Morris). 74. CACAMA VALVATA (Uhl.). St. George, June 18, 1921 (D. McFarland). 70 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., '31 75. OKANAGANA UTAHENSIS Davis. Bountiful, July 12, 1929 (Pack and M. J. Janes) ; Cooperton, July 3, 1929 (Knowl- ton) ; Corinne, June 22, 1929 (Knowlton) ; Fort Duchesne, June 25, 1926 (W. Sorenson) ; Logan, July 31, 1923 (Knowl- ton) ; Mill Creek Canyon, June 22, 1926 (Knowlton); Rattle Snake Pass, July 11, 1929 (Knowlton) ; Salt Lake City, July 3, 1929 (Knowlton) ; Skull Valley, June 26, 1929 (Knowlton and W. Keller); Snowville, July 11, 1929 (Knowlton); Stansbury Island, June 13, 1913 (Pack, Hagan, Titus). 76. O. SCHAEFFERI Davis. Beaver, July 6, 1927 (Knowlton) and June 25, 1927 (Pack). 77. O. VANDUZEEI Distant. Bountiful, June 22, 1929 (Pack and M. J. Janes). 78. O. GIBBERA Davis. Corinne, June 22, 1929 (Knowlton and M. F. Bo wen) ; Delle, July 24, 1929 (Knowlton) ; "The Delle", July 24, 1929 (Knowlton) ; Hardup, June 9, 1930 (Knowlton) ; losepa, June 14, 1929 (Knowlton) ; Timpie, June 15, 1929 (Knowlton and Keller) ; Skull Valley, June 12, 1929 (Knowlton). 79. O. BELLA Davis. Blue Creek, June 17, 1930 (Knowlton and M. J. Janes) ; Brigham Canyon, June 17, 1930 (Knowlton and Janes) ; Cache Junction, June 20, 1909 (C. P. Smith) and June 23, 1912 (Hagan) ; Garland, June 18, 1904; Logan, July 14, 1906, July 2, 1909 (Stewart) ; Logan Canyon, June 26, 1920 (G. E. King) ; Sardine Canyon, June 20, 1930 (Knowlton and M. J. Janes) ; Stansbury Island, June 13, 1913 (Pack, Hagan, Titus). 80. O. STRIATIPES (Halcl.). Bonneville, July 16, 1909 (Titus); Bountiful, July 12, 1929 (Pack); Fairview, July 10, 1929 (Knowlton) ; Garland, July 13, 1929 (Knowlton and Bowen) ; Lehi, July 19, 1909 (Titus) ; Logan; Point of Moun- tain, south of Salt Lake City, July 2, 1909 (Titus) ; Woods Cross, July 17, 1909 (Titus). -- 81. O. FRATERCULA Davis. Snowville, June 20, 1929 (Knowl- ton and Bowen). 82. PLATYPEDIA PUTNAMI (Uhl.). Cache Junction, June 3, 1912 (Hagan) ; Logan Dry Canyon, June 29, 1912. 83. P. LUTEA Davis. Logan Dry Canyon, June 6, 1924 (Knowlton) ; Provo, June 1, 1930 (Knowlton) ; Salt Lake City, July 2, 1912. 84. P. MOHAVENSIS Davis. Beaver, June 25, 1927 (Knowl- ton), June, 1928 (Pack). Family MEMBRACIDAE (Germar). 85. CERESA BUBALUS (Fabr.). Garland, June, 1929 (Knowl- ton). xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 71 86. C. BASALTS Walk. Fort Duchesne, August 11, 1927 (C. J. Sorenson). 87. STICTOCEPHALA PACIFIC A Van D. On sugar-beets at Grantsville, August 13, 1927 (Knowlton). 88. S. FESTINA (Say.). Hawbush, September 14, 1929 (C. J. Sorenson); Lake Point, September 11, 1929 (Knowlton); McCormick, September 11, 1929 (Sorenson); Richmond, Sep- tember 9, 1926 (Knowlton). 89. HELIRIA RUBIDELLA Ball. On apple, Logan, July, 1924 (Knowlton). 90. TELAMONA PYRAMIDATA Uhler. Newton, July 8, 1929 (Pack) ; Provo, August 7. 1929 (Pack). 91. PUBLILIA MODESTA Uhl. Brigham City, August 10, 1927 (Knowlton) ; La Point, September 25, 1929 (C. J. Sorenson) ; on sage at Logan, August 21, 1929 (Knowlton) ; on beets at Provo, July 5, 1927 (Knowlton) ; Tremonton, April 29, 1927 (Knowlton). 92. LEIOSCYTA FERRUGINIPENNIS var. TESTACEA Van Duzee. On Russian thistle, Center, August 17, 1929 (Knowlton) ; on Atriplcx, Clover, April 17, 1929 (Knowlton) ; Elberta, August 7, 1929 (Knowlton) ; Goshen, July 27, 1929 (Knowlton) ; Lucin, August 12, 1929 (Knowlton and Bowen) ; Ophir, August 17, 1929 (Knowlton). Family CICADELLIDAE (Latreille). 93. ONCOPSIS COGNATUS (Van D.). Salt Lake City, June 22, 1926 (Knowlton). 94. BYTHOSCOPUS FRANCISCANUS (Baker). Brigham City, September 2, 1927 (Knowlton). 95. HELOCHARA COM MUNIS Fitch. Common on grass, Grantsville, April 27, 1930 (Knowlton) ; Hyde Park, April 27, 1929 (Knowlton) ; Logan, June 3, 1922 (Knowlton) ; Magna, June 27, 1930 (Knowlton); Ogden, April 22, 1929 (Knowl- ton); Sandy, September 20, 1930 (Knowlton). 96. XEROPHLOEA VIRIDIS (Fabr.). Amalga, August 31, 1927 (Knowlton) ; mouth of Logan Canyon, October 4, 1929 (Knowlton) ; on beets at Trenton, September 20, 1929 (Knowl- ton). 97. EUTETTIX TENELLUS (Baker). Abundant in Utah dur- ing 1930, causing serious damage to sugar-beets and tomatoes in many parts of the state. 98. PHLEPSIUS OVATUS Van D. Corinne, July 21, 1929 (Knowlton) ; Garland, July 13, 1929 (Knowlton and Bowen) ; Willard, April 17, 1929 (Knowlton). 99. P. IRRORATUS (Say). Mouth of Logan Canyon, October 4, 1929 (Knowlton). 72 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., '31 100 CICADUF A SEXNOTATA (Fall.). Mouth of Logan Can- yon October q> 1929 (Knowlton) ; Morgan, September 14, 1925 (Knowlto 11 )- 101. DIKRAN EURA CARNEOLA (Stal). Lewiston, July 2, 192/ (Knowlton) n umerous on Gutierrezia, mouth of Logan Can- yon, October 4, 1929 (Knowlton). 102 EMPOAS CA ASPERSA G. and B. Austin, June 25, 1926 (Knowlton). 103 E FLA VESCENS (Fabr.). Hyrum, April 17, 1930 (Knowlton); Lg an - A P ril 20 > 1929 (Knowlton). 104 TYPHLO |CYBA POMARIA McAtee. On apple at Tremon- ton, September 7 ' 1923 (Hawley). 105 ERYTHR ONEURA COMES (Say). On Virginia creeper at Bountiful, 192 193 (Knowlton). Family FULGORIDAE (Latreille). 106. ORMEN {S SAUCIA Van D. Angus, July 9, 1927 (Knowl- 107 LIBURN IA GILLETTE: Van D. Ogden, April 17, 1929 (Knowlton). Family CHERMIDAE (Fallen). 108 APHAL> RA CALTHAE (Linn.). Fairfield, June 19, 1913 (Titus)- Mills- September 19, 1930 (Knowlton). 109 PARATR IOZA GOCKERELLI (Sulc.). Damaging early potatoes in sevr ra ^ P arts f northern Utah, spring of 1930. 110 EUPHA] JERUS VERMICULOSUS Crawf. Logan Canyon, August 21 19^5 (Knowlton) ; on Artemisia, Spring Canyon, August 28,' 192^ (Knowlton). 111 ARYTAI NA RIBESIA E (Crawf.). Lehi, 1929 (Pack) ; Salt Lake City 1929 (Pack) New Stf ec i es ^ West Indian Agromyzidae (Diptera). c; ^y FROST, The Pennsylvania State College. Two new spe c ' es ^ Agromyza are described and notes given on other specie'' ^ Agromyza recently taken in the West Indies. Agromyza C o^ menae n - S P- '\ medium <^ ze< l species. 1 to 1.5 mm. Male: front, face, cheeks antenna 6 - P rODOS cis and palpi entirely yellow ; scutellum, pleurae and le^ 8 largely yellow ; mesonotum with yellow before the scutellum & ^ront including orbits slightly wider than either eye sides nearly P ara ^ e l J frontal stripe and orbits concolorous, xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL \K\YS 73 not separable; four pairs of fronto-orbitals equally spaced in rows, upper three pairs of equal size the lower pair smaller ; orbital hair sparse but conspicuous, upturned ; front slightly produced above antennae; cheeks nearly one-half eye height; one weak pair of oral vibrissae, distinctly stronger than accom- panying setae along lower margin of cheeks ; yellow of cheeks continuing back of eye and joining yellow of orbits; ocellar triangle reddish brown separated from brown of occiput by a broad yellow line, with several minute setae between the ocellar bristles ; antennae entirely yellow, bristle on second segment short, black, a fringe of minute black bristles along the distal outer edge of second antennal segment, third segment (male) greatly enlarged, rounded on outer edge, sparsely covered with short white pile ; arista scarcely one-and-one-fourth times the length of the third antennal segment, slender, brown in color and microscopically pubescent, basal fourth only moderately swollen and bare. Mesonotum marked in center with subshining brown, sides of mesonotum yellow, yellow continuing broadly across anterior margin leaving a brown area in the center about one-third the width of the mesonotum ; anterior callosities entirely yellow without dark spots ; yellow continuing entirely across posterior margin of mesonotum, the posterior edge of the discal brown color divided by short yellow points into five short lobes, the center the broadest and reaching nearly to the scutellum ; sides of pleurae almost entirely yellow, a subshining brown triangle on lower part of sterno-pleurae and a similar spot on hypo- pleurae ; scutellum pale yellow in the middle, darkened only on sides at the base ; four pairs of dorso-central bristles, the anterior two pairs smaller, less than one-half the length of the posterior pairs ; about six rows of small acrostichals scarcely reaching to the third pair of dorso-centrals ; three rows of small setae outside the dorso-centrals ; one presutural arising from yellow color of mesonotum, two weak pairs of intraalars, one mesopleural and one sternopleural. Legs entirely yellow, setae black, tibiae and tarsi only slightly darker. Abdomen largely yellow, first segment yellow on basal three- fourths, second and third segments subshining brown with yel- low incisures, fourth and fifth with central brown spots and yellow on the sides, male genitalia centrally yellow, laterally shining brown. Wings rather short, auxiliary vein indistinct but ending sepa- rately in costa close to vein one, costa reaching to vein four, anterior cross-vein distinctly before middle of discal cell and about one-third from base of discal cell, posterior cross vein 74 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., '31 one-and-one-half times its length from the anterior cross-vein, veins two and three distinctly diverging, veins three and four subparallel, second, third and fourth sections of costa as 2^2-1-1, last section of fifth vein one-and-three-quarters times the length of the penultimate section, vein five nearly straight or bending gently at the tip into the wing margin, sixth vein reaching three-quarters' way to the wing margin. Squamae gray, fringe dusky. Halteres yellow. Female similar in structure and color to male but third antennal segment in female normal in size and ovipositor shin- ing black. Holotype: $ February 10, 1915, St. Vincent, BRITISH WEST INDIES (F. Watts) reared as a leaf-miner on Commclina vir- (jinica. Five paratypcs all reared as leaf -miners on Commelina virginica by F. Watts as follows; 2 $ and 3 9 Feb. 10, 1915, St. Vincent, B. W. I. There are also two other paratypes 1 $ from CUBA reared from Conimcliua mtdi flora and 1 9 St. Vincent, B. W. I. (S. C. Harland). This species runs close to angulicornis Mall, but has more than two rows of acrostichals. It also runs close to mel&mpyga Loew, but the markings on the mesonotum are different, the anterior cross-vein is distinctly before the middle of the discal cell and the third antennal segment in the male is greatly enlarged. Agromyza ipomaeae n. sp. A medium sized species, 2 mm. $ : Front, face, cheeks and proboscis yellow ; antennae and palpi black ; cheeks one-quarter eye-height ; yellow of cheeks extending only slightly behind the eye ; a single pair of oral vibrissae, distinctly stronger than accompanying setae along the lower margin of the cheeks ; ocellar triangle shining black only between ocelli, sides yellow, black of ocellar triangle continuous with black of occiput, several minute hairs on ocellar triangle between ocelli ; orbits darkened only very narrowly on upper outer angles ; four fronto-orbital bristles ; orbital hairs small and sparse ; basal segments of antennae dark brown, bristle on second segment weak, smaller than lower fronto-orbital bristle, third segment black, medium sized, rounded at tip, sparsely covered with short white pile, arista three times the length of the third antennal segment, pubescence microscopic but dis- tinct. Mesonotum and scutellum shining black, pleurae largely xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS shining black, sutures narrowly yellow, base of wing yellow, yellow extending on anterior humeral callosities but not above wing base; humeral bristle arising from edge of yellow color, post-humeral bristle arising from a narrow black spot on pleurae, presutural bristles not strong, arising from edge of black on mesonotum, one propleural and one sternopleural bristle ; two strong pairs of dorso-central bristles of about equal length, a weaker pair preceding these ; seven or eight rows of acrostichals reaching to posterior pair of dorso-centrals ; three rows of small setae outside dorso-centrals. Legs subshining black, anterior knees yellow, mid tibiae with two distinct posterior mid-tibial bristles. Wings hyaline, auxiliary vein distinct from vein one, ending independently in the costa, costa reaching to the fourth vein, anterior cross-vein near the middle of the discal cell, posterior cross-vein its length from the anterior cross-vein, last section of fifth vein about two times the length of the penultimate sec- tion, sixth vein reaching almost to the wing margin, squamae gray, edge and fringe dark brown. Halteres yellow. Holotypc: $ June 20, 1930, Rio Piedras, PORTO Rico (M. D. Leonard) reared as a leaf-miner on Ipomaca batatas. 8 paratypcs; 1 $ June 20, 1930, 3 $ and 4 5 June 22, 1930, also reared from Ipomaca batatis Rio Piedras, P. R. (M. D. Leonard). This species runs close to the European artcmisiac Kaltb., but artcm^siac Kaltb. has abundant oral hairs in addition to the orbital bristles. It also runs close to jucunda V.d.W. It differs chiefly in having the orbits entirely yellow and the squamae gray in color. In jncunda V.d.W. the anterior cross- vein is distinctly beyond the center of the discal cell. This is a variable character and cannot always be relied upon. The writer has jucunda V.d.W. reared as a miner from Verbena, Ambrosia and Hcliaiithus. Most of the specimens show the anterior cross-vein beyond the center of the discal cell but one shows it near the center of the cell and one specimen shows no posterior cross-vein on one side. The following species have been identified from material in the United States National Museum. AGROMYZA INAEQUALIS Mall., 9 $ and 4 $ Oct. 15 St. Vincent, BRITISH WEST INDIES (F. Watts) miner on Lima beans. 76 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., '31 AGROMYZA PLUMISETA Mall., 1 Aug. 7 St. Domingo, WEST INDIES (A. Busck), 1*3 May 31, 1917, St. Thomas, W. I. (H. Morrison). AGROMYZA PARVICORNIS Locw, 1 $ and 1 injured speci- men Oct. 21, 1912, Rio Piedras, PORTO Rico ( T. H. Jones). AGROMYZA MACULOSA Mall. 2 $ and 1 ? July 16, 1922, Rio Piedras, PORTO Rico, bred from Asters (F. Stein). The Status of Leng's Classification of the Coleoptera. Dr. Clarence E. Mickel, in the September, 1930, issue of the Annals of the Entomological Society of America (XXIII, p. 511), states that "the classification of this order [Coleoptera] used by the latter [Leng] in his catalogue of North American Coleoptera is the one now met with in current literature." This is cited as partial evidence for the assertion : "The systems of classification in use at the present time for at least three large orders of insects have originated in this country [North America]." As applied to the Coleoptera I do not believe that the literature substantiates such a conclusion. In the first place, Mr. Leng's system is largely based on that of Ganglbauer (1903) and Kolbe (1908). So far as it departs from these systems, it is characterized by the following among other peculiarities : recognition of Omophroniclae, Corynetidae, and Trogidae as distinct families ; division of the Adephaga into Caraboidea and Gyrinoidea ; removal of the Cupesidae, Rhysodidae, and Paussidae from the Adephaga ; division of the Staphyliniformia into Silphoidea and Staphylinoidea ; -the aboli- tion of the Heteromera (following Sharp and Muir) and its distribution among the Serricornia and Clavicornia as Mordel- loidea and Tenebrionoidea. Outside of North America I am unable to cite a single entomological work that has adopted the peculiarities of Mr. Leng's system. Works that have appeared since 1920 that do not follow him include: Zoological Record, Imm's General Textbook of Entomology, Tillyard's Insects of Australia and New Zealand, Handlirsch in Schroder's Handbuch der Ento- mologie, Scheerpeltz and Winkler in Brohmer's Tierwelt Mit- teleuropas, Porta's Fauna Coleopterorum Italica, and Winkler's Catalogus Coleopterorum regionis palaearcticae. So far as the classification of the Coleoptera now in use throughout the world is to be ascribed to any one man, that man would seem to be Ganglbauer. MELVILLE H. HATCH, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington. xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS A New Belomicrus from the West (Hymen. : Sphecidae). By V. S. L. PATE, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. In a collection of Oxybeline wasps that Dr. Francis X. \Yilliams of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Association sent recently for determination there is a new species of Belomicrus, a description of which is appended below inasmuch as Dr. Williams desires to publish some notes on its life history. Hitherto nothing has been known concerning the biology of any ttcloinuriis save a few scattered flower records. It gives me great pleasure to dedicate this interesting little species to its prospective Boswell as well as its habitat. Belomicrus franciscus sp. nov. $ . 5 mm. long. Black. Mandibles light yellow, apices piceous. Margin of clypeal bevel above, scape except a brown spot behind, pedicel and fiagellum beneath, pronotum to and including the tubercles, axillary sclerite, a macula on each side of the scutellum, postscutellum, fore femora apically and be- neath, middle and hind femora apically, all tibiae externally and metatarsi, light yellow; remainder of tarsi fulvous. Tegulae fuliginous subhyaline ; squamae and mucro apically whitish subhyaline. Abdomen ferruginous, each tergite with a yellow fascia preapically, that of the first tergite widest ; first two sternites deeply infuscated, brownish black discally. Wings clear hyaline, veins light brown. Face with appressed short silky pubescence, remainder of body silvery puberulent. Head shining, finely but distinctly punctured : mandibles medially within with a distinct inwardly directed tooth ; clypeus discally tuberculate, widely emarginate and with a nitidous bevel apically, the apical margin parallel with a flat ridge which is obtusely angulate at the tubercle and which appears superficially to be the apical margin of the clypeus; front with two elongate, glabrous, nitidous impressions to accommodate the scapes when laid back and an impressed line from the anterior ocellus to the clypeal tubercle; postocellar line about three times the ocell- ocular ; vertex behind the compound eyes rounded; temporal carinae absent. Thora.v shining, with puncturation similar to head; pronotum not carinate, rounded anteriorly and laterally, declivitous an- teriorly; prepectus rounded anteriorly; squamae enclosing the postscutellum and almost contiguous behind, with the posterior emargination a shallow Y-shaped notch, posterior apices 78 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., '31 rounded ; mucro short, straight, apex obtuse ; propodeum finely granulate throughout and obscurely and indistinctly striate dorsally and laterally, median fovea above and lateral carinae below erased. Abdomen shining, finely punctate, constricted somewhat be- tween the segments, second sternite with a suggestion of a raised arcuate ridge preapically on each side. $ . 4.75 mm. long. Similar to the male except that the clypeus is retuse apically and horizontally striate on the bevel below the tubercle. Psammophore with the mandibular, tem- poral, humeral and femoral ammochaetae present and well de- veloped. Holotype. $ , Lone Mountain, San Francisco, CALIFORNIA, 1930 (F. X. Williams) [Cornell University, Type No. 924.1]. Allotypc. ? , same data as holotype. Paratypcs. 5 $ $ , same data as holotype. This species belongs to the forbcsi-group. Full details con- cerning its relationship to allied species, ultimate location of the types, as well as figures of the species will be published at a later date in a forthcoming monograph of the Oxybeline wasps of the New World. A New Milliped of the Genus Fontaria from Mississippi (Chilognatha : Xystodesmidae). By RALPH V. CHAMBERLIN, University of Utah. Among material recently sent to me for identification from the U. S. Bureau of Entomology was a single adult male of the new species of Fontaria described below. It was collected by Mr. K. L. Cockerham at Biloxi, Miss. The type is in the author's collection. Fontaria lamellidens, sp. nov. The dorsum and head light horn brown, with the carinae paler. Antennae light brown. Venter and legs dilute yel- lowish. Body of the typical general shape, being parallel-sided over the middle portion and moderately narrowed at the ends. The lateral carinae are well developed ; posterior margins of first few running slightly forwards, while the succeeding few are transverse and the others directed in increasing degree caudad of transverse; the caudo-ectal angle is in all but the first three xlii, r 31] I.. \TOMOLOGICAL NEWS carinae produced caudad in suhdentiform manner, with apex rounded ; the last four pairs of carinae produced more strongly caudad as usual, their apices all rounded. Carinae all moder- ately depressed ; lateral borders elevated, moderately indented opposite pores on porigerous segments ; anterior margin more narrowly elevated. Head shining, smooth or nearly so. Vertigial sulcus dis- tinctly impressed, ending abruptly above the level of insertion of antennae, but followed by a short median longitudinal im- pressed line at level of antennae. Vertigial foveolae 2 2, each bearing a long seta. Labral border set off by a fine, broken, impressed line, paler in color than rest of head, con- spicuously setose, the setae at lateral ends of the area arranged in denser patches. In the male the coxae of the second legs bear the usual special processes which are short and cylindrical. The anterior sternites in the male are without obvious proc- esses. The gonopods of the male have the basal portion of the telopodite strongly pilose over the meso-ventral surface, the long hairs directed mesad, while the principal blade is more sparsely provided with much shorter hairs along mesal side, these present from base distad beyond the middle of blade. The principal blade is moderately curved, each crossing the other distally; at the distal end the blade is divided parallel to the flat surface into two lamellar processes ; the ventral one of these lamellae moderately curved mesad, the dorsal one with inner edge straight, the other curved, its distal end more acute than that of the ventral lamella : the lamellae of equal length, parallel with each other, and nearly contiguous. Inner prong of the telopodite glabrous, nearly straight, narrowing to a slenderly acute tip which is slightly curved outward, reaching to near the level of furcation of the principal blade. Length of holotype (a male), about 33 mm. ; maximum width across carinae, 8 mm. Locality. MISSISSIPPI: Biloxi. K. L. Cockerham, collec- tor. Distinguished from all other species of the genus in the lamellate form of the distal process of the gonopods as above described. Change of Address. I am now with the U. S. Bureau of Entomology and located at the U. S. National Museum. My home address is 2222 One Street, N. YV., Washington, D*. C H. G. BARBER. 80 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., '31 The Naming of Individual Variants in Lepidoptera. By G. TALBOT, The Hill Museum, Witley, Surrey, England. The article on this subject by Mr. A. B. Klots (Ent. News xli, pp. 298, 324) places before American Lepidopterists an opinion held by many European workers. The present writer has twice referred to this subject. Firstly re the question of naming teratological specimens (Ent. Zeit. 42, p. 201, 1929) ; secondly re the naming of variations in the markings of certain Coleoptera (Ent. Record 42, p. 70, 1930). The article by Klots appears to be prompted not only by the custom of giving names to insignificant variants, but also by the attempt made by Gunder to place this method on a scientific basis. We agree with Klots that Guilder has failed in his attempt to classify variants. Perhaps the reply of those who think to continue this custom of naming all variants, would be that it does not matter what kind of variation it is, but as a difference of a kind can be dis- cerned, it should be duly christened to distinguish it from a form which closely resembles it. Such a view could be held only by those who have either not seen a large collection of a variable species, or who have not seriously considered the ques- tion. Let us take, for example, a series of specimens showing the development of a band on the wing, from a wing without any trace of a band to one in which a well-defined band occurs. If we call the specimen with a half -developed band a "Transi- tion Form", this term must be used for all the other specimens in the series because we cannot define any line of demarcation. The use of the term "Transition Form" is superfluous ; it must necessarily include many pure aberrations which may never be repeated in the history of the species. Before giving a name to some variant, let us pause and ask whether it deserves a name. A definitely distinguishable variant can receive a name, but one may often be at a loss to know whether to call it a "Form" or an "Aberration". In the absence of breeding one has to judge by experience or by the kind of material. If more than one specimen of the variant is known from the same locality, it may be called a "Form" as presumably it is recurrent. Many xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 81 such Forms (excluding dimorphs and seasonal) are called Races by some European authors, as distinguished from sub- species. They are not, however, true Races, because the typical form occurs with them, and predominates. Methods of classification adopted for one group of animals must hold good for all other groups. There cannot be one system for Lepidoptera and another for Mammals. Let us examine the Human Species from the Lepidopterist's point of view. Each individual is different inasmuch as the difference is apparent to every other individual, and each has a name. This is so far in accordance with the method of nam- ing all differences, but in Man it is done for his own conveni- ence, and represents personality. The homologue in Lepidop- tera would be those slight variations which may be detected only by means of a powerful microscope. A certain population of men differs from another population in several ways, especially in its language. Such is a tribe or nation, represented in Lepidoptera by "Forms". Several populations of Man agree in certain structural char- acters, and we have the Chinese and Polynesian Races for ex- ample. These are surely represented in Lepidoptera by sub- species or geographical races. Lastly we have human aberrations, some pathological, others characterised by definite personalities and proved genius. It has not been thought useful to give a varietal name to a con- genital idiot, nor to a mathematical genius. The growing lists of names for individual variants in Lepi- doptera is embarrassing and inconvenient. It is largely the work of amateur zoologists whose knowledge is frequently re- stricted to a section of Lepidoptera. If one has a good series of variants in a race of a variable species to which many names have been given, one cannot be certain, without comparison with the type specimen, if any cs.2s , 1 9 ; topotypical. xlii, '31 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 107 Hydrellia crassipes new species. Apparently very similar to atroglauca Coquillett, but with dark tibiae. I have not seen a male of atror/lauca. Black; palpi and tarsi tawny. Halteres whitish. Opaque; mesonotum including humeri, scutellum and dorstim of abdo- men, dark, subopaque, dark ocherous pollinose ; lower occiput, pleura, venter of abdomen, femora and tibiae, gray to whitish. Frons opaque black, with frontalia scarcely differentiated ; lunule white. Face and cheeks plumbaceous to yellowish gray, not sericeous ; former nearly three times as long as broad, in profile convex, somewhat prominent below middle, with four to six rather stout bristles each side. Cheeks not as broad as third antennal segment. Arista with seven to nine hairs. Antesutural dorsocentral strong and well separated from postsutural pair, with intermediate setula. Abdomen ovate with third to fifth segments subequal in length; the fifth triangular, acute apically. Hind femora of male stout and slightly arcuate ; their tibiae with a conspicuous foliaceous flexor dilation. Length. 2.2 to 2.5 mm. T\pc. Male; Sandusky, Cedar Point, OHIO, August 4, 1902, [Ohio State University]. Paralyses 19 $ , 289 ; topo- typical. Hydrellia decens new species. In lacking the reclinate frontal bristles, this species suggests prodinata, Cresson, but here we have a very shining, metallic colored form. Black including antennae and palpi ; halteres yellowish white. Shining to polished, metallic colored; mesonotum including humeri, and notopleura, dark ; upper part of pleura and metan- otum brownish. Frons and upper occiput subopaque, frontalia opaque black; reclinate frontal bristles not developed; lunule gray. Face rather narrow with parallel facialia, opaque brown- ish to black, grayish laterally; in profile, weakly convex; bristles hairlike. Arista with about ten hairs. Antesutural dorsocen- trals strong and well removed from the postsutural pair. Length, 2.3 mm. T\pc. Female; MARYLAND near Plummers Island, August 12, "1914, (R. C. Shannon), [U.S.N.M., no. 4.U55J. I\mi- types. 1 9 ; topotypical. 1 9 ; Plummers Island. Maryland, July 13, (\V. L. McAtee), [Biol. Surv.J. The male sex is unknown. 108 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Apr., '31 Hydrellia pulla new species. A robust, strongly bristled species, with prominent subconi- cal face. Its systematic position is rather doubtful, but can be placed in the group with atroglaucu. Black ; palpi tawny, halteres lemon-yellow. Upper surfaces brown, nearly opaque ; face, occiput, pleura below, bluish gray ; humeri notopleura and upper part of mesopleura dark. Frons opaque black with scarcely differentiated black f rontalia ; re- clinate frontals strong ; lunule small, concolorous with face. Face in profile conically prominent medianly, with four to five stout bristles. Arista with seven hairs. Antesutural dorsocen- trals strong and well removed from sutural region. Length, 3 mm. T\pe. Female ; Spencer lake, NEW YORK, June 30, 1907, [Cornell]. Paratypc. 19 ; Goshen. CONNECTICUT, July 6, 1919, (M. P. Zappa), [Boston]. The male sex is unknown. Hydrellia notiphiloides new species. A species allied to cm rails Coq. but having the tibiae dark. Black ; palpi and hateres pale yellow. Opaque ; mesonotum, scutellum and abdomen somewhat shining, brown to grayish pruinose ; lunule, face, cheeks, white, sometimes yellowish ; oc- ciput, pleura, lateral margins of abdomen venter, and femora, cinereous ; humeri gray concolorous with pleura, contrasting with the dark notopleura and mesonotum. Frons brownish, with frontalia somewhat differentiated, blackish ; reclinate frontal bristle strong. Face broad, in profile, convex, with three to five stout bristles. Cheeks broad, about one-third eye- height in width. Antennal arista with six hairs. Mesonotal bristles and setulae strong; antesutural dorsocentrals strong and well removed from postsutural pair. Abdomen with segments broad, subsequal in length: fifth of male convex, acute. Length, 2 to 2.5 mm. Type. Male; Cedar Point, Sandusky, OHIO, August 5, 1902, [Ohio State University]. Paralyses. \$, 59 ; topotypical \$ ; topotypical, June 30, \$ ; Xantucket, MASSACHUSETTS. July 20, 1910, I Moslem Soc. Nat. I list. J. xlii, '31 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 109 Notes on Some Butterflies of Northeastern Georgia. By ROBERT \Y. MONTGOMERY, Poseyville, Indiana. During the summer of 1930 collecting was done in Haber- sham and Banks counties. Georgia. These two counties are in the edge of Blue Ridge Mountains; collecting was done at elevations varying from 1400 to 1800 feet. Many types of localities, including peach and apple orchards, shrill) covered pastures, marshes, woodlands, roadsides and flower gardens were visited. But one species was found in woods and that near the edge. The absence of flowering vege- tation in the woods was no doubt the reason for this. The writer was accompanied on collecting trips by II. T. Vanderford and Erskine M. Livingstone. PAPILIONIDAE. 1. PAPILIO PHILENOR L. Taken from all localities except woodlands, June 26-September 7. The emergence of a brood began about August 8. 2. PAPILIO POLYXEXES Fab. A very few specimens from orchards and flower gardens, August 12-30. 3. PAPILIO TURNUS L. A few specimens taken at intervals from June 30-September 1. Flower gardens and orchards. Form (jlanciis L. from flower gardens and marsh. June 25, September 1. 4. PAPILIO TROILUS L. Marsh, orchards and flower gardens, July 13-September 7. PIERIDAE. 5. PIERIS PROTODICE Bdv.-Lec. A few specimens from flowers, August 24-30. 6. PIERIS RAPAE L. Flower and vegetable gardens, May 26- August 30. 7. CATOPSILIA EUBULE L. One specimen from flower gar- den, August 25; one specimen from marsh, September 1. 8. COLIAS EPRYTHEME Bdv. Two specimens from pasture, June 21, September 7. 9. TERIAS NICIPPE Cram. A single specimen from pasture, August 24. 10. TERIAS USA I'dv. Captured in all localities visited, July 21 -September 7. DANAIDAE. 11. DANAIS PLEXIIMTS Fab. Pastures, marshes and or- chards, August 24- September 7. 110 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Apr., '31 SATYRIDAE. 12. NEONYMPHA GEMMA Hbn. Five specimens from an or- chard, June 16. This was an old orchard and afforded a dense shade. One specimen from marsh at border of dense woods, August 28. 13. CERCYONIS ALOPE Fab. A single specimen from an or- chard, August 25. When first observed it was resting on the top of an Oriental Fruit Moth bait trap. NYMPHALIDAE. 14. DIONE VANILLAE L. Taken from all localities except woodlands. August 12-September 18. A newly emerged male taken September 16. 15. EUPTOIETA CLAUDIA Cram. Pastures, orchards, flower gardens, and roadsides, July 12-September 7. 16. ARGYNNIS DIANA Cram. A single specimen captured on street in Cornelia, July 10. 17. ARGYNNIS CYBELE Fab. Two specimens from orchards, July 23, Aug. 10. 18. PHYCIODES THAROS Drury. Pastures, orchards, flower gardens and roadsides, May 26-September 1. 19. CYNTHIA IIUNTERA Fab. One specimen from an or- chard, August 12; one from a marsh, September 1. 20. CYNTHIA CARDUI L. One specimen from roadside, Julv 27. 21. JUNONIA COENIA Hbn. Taken from all localities except woodlands, July 27-September 1. 22. BASILARCHIA ASTYANAX Fab. Three specimens, all from orchards, July 27. August 24. LYCAENIDAE. 23. STRYMON CECROPS Fab. One specimen from marsh at edge of woods, August 24. 24. STRYMON MELINUS Hbn. One specimen from an or- chard, July 27. 25. LYCAENA HYPOPHLEAS Bdv. A single specimen taken from a marsh, August 24. 26. EVERES COMYNTAS Goclt. Pastures, marshes and road- sides, June 17- September 17. 27. GLAUCOPSYCHE PSEUDARGIOLUS Bdv. -Lee. Marsh, road- side. August 24. HESPERIDAE. 28. EPARGYREUS TITYRUS Fab. May 10-September 1. 29. ACHLARUS LYCIADES Gey. July 10, September 7. xlii, '31 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 111 30. TIIORYBES PYLADES Scud. July 21-August 29. 31. THORYBES BATHYLLUS S. & A. July 27-September 7. 32. HESPERIA CENTAUREAE Kami). September 1. 33. HESPERIA TESSELATA Scud. August 24. 34. PHOLISORA CATULLUS Fab. August 26. 35. ANCYLOXIPHA MCMITOR Fab. September 7. 36. HYLEPHILA CAMPESTKIS 1'dv. August 24, September 7. 37. AMBLYSCIRTES YIAUS Kdw. July 27. Papilio daunus Boisd. in Scott County, Kansas (Lepid.: Papilionidae). The occurrence of tbis magnificent species of the genus Papilio here on the western Kansas prairie is very interesting, geographically. From available data concerning the species daunus, it appears to be a typical mountain species, or at most, confined to the valleys and slopes of the Rocky Mountain ranges, extending from Idaho southward into Mexico. For the past few years, I have usually encountered d aim us on my collecting rounds, and have taken a few each year. It does not occur in sufficient numbers, however, to call it a com- mon insect in this locality. When on the wing, it is apt to be confused with specimens of (jlancns; as a rule, however, glaucus specimens are much smaller than daunus and the larger size of daunus may serve to distinguish between the two when fly- ing, as they often fly in company with each other. The insect, as encountered in this region, has a very wide wing expanse for summer examples, the females measuring four and a half to five inches, the males being a trifle smaller. A fact concerning Papilio daunus not usually known, and not mentioned in any reference books, is that it is double- brooded in its more southern limits, the first brood emerging from over-wintering chrysalids and appearing during the latter part of the month of April and the first of May; the second, or summer brood, produced from the eggs laid by the females of the first generation, and appearing in June and July, and even August. The specimens of the first brood are quite small and ordinary looking, measuring from three to three and a half inches as compared with the giants of June, and later, that measure four inches and more. It would seem that daitiius in its more northern ranges is single-brooded, and that it has been almost entirely the sum- mer examples, according to their size, that have found their way into collections and illustrations. VIRGIL F. CALKINS, Scott City, Kansas. 112 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Apr., '31 Abnormal Antenna in Eleodes (Coleop.: Tenebrionidae). By ORLANDO PARK, Department of Zoology, University of Illinois. Among a number of tenebrionids received some months ago from New Mexico, a female of Elcodcs carbonaria (Say) was observed to have an abnormal right antenna. The distal border of the fifth segment was distorted. From this area of the segment arose an accessory structure one millimeter long, which bore several bristle-bearing punctures. This palp-like piece projected distally and ended in a thickened knob which was distinctly notched on its apex. Near the point where the piece turned distally, a small projection was given off which extended proximally, as can be noted in the accompanying figure. This accessory piece of the fifth segment did not show articulating surfaces under a magnification of forty diameters. An articulating surface could not be discerned between the malformed fifth and the sixth segments of the right antenna, the latter being firmly set into the fifth in such a way that antennal movement must have been peculiar in life. The left antenna of this individual was normal, normality being determined by comparison with antennae of other indi- viduals of the species (12$ ?, 9$ $ ) taken from the same area over a period of five years. Finally, the left mesothoracic femur of the specimen being described had been diagonally fractured at some time, and the fracture had subsequently healed over to form a femur con- spicuously bent and irregular. Bateson ('94) listed six cases of paired supernumerary an- tennae (pp. 522-523), and seven cases of supposedly double antennae (p. 551) in heteromerous beetles, these abnormalities being reported by a number of workers. The malformed Elcodcs described above, however, is not easily treated. In a previous note (Park, '28) literature was cited on the possible effect of injury and this abnormality might be the result of one xlii, '31 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 113 of many feasible accidents. If so, the right antenna may or may not have been injured at the same time as the left middle leg. Again, the fifth segment might not have been injured, and the accessory structure noted may represent a duplicating right antenna in an undeveloped condition. Finally, the knob-like proximal projection may be significant, in that the litth segment may have shown an abortive tendency to form a pair of super- numerary antennae. However, this latter is hardly tenable in view of the unjointed and rudimentary condition of the mal- formation. T am indebted to Mr. William J. Gerhard and to MY. F.mil Liljeblad of the Field Museum of Natural History for the determination of this interesting specimen. The latter was taken beneath a loose board on the ground, at Las Cruces. New Mexico, by Mr. R. S. Campbell on July 21, 1929, and is now in the collection of the writer. LITERATURE CITED. BATESON, WILLIAM, 1894. Materials for the study of varia- tion. London : Macmillan and Co., xvi -(- 598 pp. PARK, ORLANDO. 1928. Bifurcation of antenna in Balaninus. Ent. News, 39: 219-220. Dixie Dragonflies Collected during the Summer of 1930 (Odonata). By C. FRANCIS BYERS. Dept. of Biology, University of Florida. During the summer of 1930 the Museum of Zoology of the University of Michigan financed a collecting trip for insects into the southeastern portion of the United States. The author, from the University of Florida, and Mr. Herman Spieth. from the University of Indiana, plus a model-T Ford, plus the field man's usual outlay of paraphernalia, constituted the expedition. The start was made from Gainesville, Florida, at noon on June 19th. Camp was established that night at McClenny. Florida, near the banks of the St. Marys River. As the primary aim of the collectors was to secure specimens of the insect orders Odonata (dragon-flies) and I^hcuicnda ('may-flies), the selection of camp and collecting sights was restricted to regions near bodies of water, mostly on this trip, to rivers. The following table will give the reader an idea of the region covered with dates, localities visited, etc. 114 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Apr., '31 TABLE. Date State County Locality June 19-20 Florida Baker McClenny it 22 Georgia Glynn Everett City tt 22-23 Wayne Jesup it 24-25 Laurens Dublin tt 25 Wilkinson Irwinton 11 25 ti Milledgeville it 26 Tefferson Louisville tt 26-27 Burke Keysville It 28 Johnson tt It 29 S. Carolina Greenwood Ware Shoals tt 30 it Newberry Chappells July 1 N. Carolina Mecklenburg Pineville it 2-3 Wilkes N. Wilkesboro it 4 Ashe W. Jefferson tt 4 Caldwell Lenoir tt 5-6 McDowell Marion it 8-9 Swain Bryson City t 10-11 Macon Highlands ( 13 Georgia Floyd Rome 4 19-23 Florida Alachua Gainesville t 19 Liberty Rock Bluff t 23-24 Georgia Dooly Vienna it 24 tt Spalding Griffin it 25 a Gwinnett Lawrenceville tt 27-28 N. Carolina Cherokee Murphy tt 30-31 it Swain Bryson City Aug. 1-9 tt tt region tt 9 Tennessee Sevier Sevierville tt 10 it tt Gatlingburg tt 11 a tt Elkmont River System or Lakes St. Marys Altaniaha tt Oconee tt Black Lake Ogechee Savannah ti Saluda it Catawba Yadkin New River Catawba R. L. Tahoma Tuskasegee Coosa Apalachicola Flint it Yellow L. Tennessee Tuskasegee Great Smoky drainage The following is the list of species of dragon-flies collected in the states of Florida, Georgia, South Carolina. North Car- olina and Tennessee during the summer of 1930 (June 19- August 11). The number in parenthesis indicates the numher of specimens taken of that species which it follows. Only the names of the counties and states are given. For additional information see the table of localities. The total list numbers about 500 specimens, 33 genera and 72 species. List of Species. SUBORDER ANISOPTERA. SUBFAMILY GOMPHINAE. 1. PROGOMPHUS OBSCURUS (Rambur) (9) Johnson, Wayne Georgia. 2. HAGENIUS BREVISTYLUS Selys (1) McDowell North Carolina. 3. GOMPHUS SCUDDERI Selys (1) Swain North Carolina, 4. G. SPINICEPS (Walsh) (3) Swain North Carolina. xlii, '31 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 115 5. G. PLAGIATUS Selys (1) Floyd Georgia. 6. G. sp? (2) Floyd Georgia. ---'7. DROMOGOMPHUS AKMATTS Selys (2) I.urkc < Inn-gin. 8. D. SPINOSUS Selys (11) Floyd, Laurens. Wilkinson--- Georgia ; McDowell North Carolina. ( >. ERPETOGOMPHUS DESIGNATUS Hagen (3) Sevier Ten- nessee. SUBFAMILY AESCHNINAE. 10. BOYERTA VINOSA (Say) (5) Burke Georgia; Cherokiv. Swain North Carolina. "TT. CORYPHAESCHNA INGENS (Rambur) (2) Baker, Glynn Georgia. 12. ANAX JUNIUS (Drury) (6) Macon, McDowell North Carolina. 13. A. LONGIPES Hagen (1) Macon North Carolina. 14. AESHNA UMBROSA Walker (1) Swain North Carolina. 15. NASIAESCHNA PENTHACANTHA (Rambur) (2) Glynn, Wayne Georgia. 16. EPIAESCHNA HEROS (Fabricius) (5) Burke, Glynn Georgia. SUBFAMILY CORDULIINAE. 17. MACROMIA ALLEGHANIENSIS Williamson (2) Cherokee, Swain North Carolina. 18. M. GEORGINA (Selys) (16) Alachua Florida; Green- wood South Carolina ; Laurens Georgia. 19. M. ILLINOIENSIS Walsh (4) Cherokee, Swain N. Caro- lina ; Sevier Tennessee. 20. M. TAENIOLATA Rainbur (8) Burke, Laurens, Wayne- Georgia. 21. EPICORDULIA REGINA Selys (2) Laurens Georgia. 22. TETRAGONEURIA STELLA Williamson (1) Wayne Georgia. 23. SOMATOCHLORA ELONGATA Scudder (1) Macon North Carolina. 24. S. LINEARIS (Hagen) (8) Burke, Floyd Georgia. Sl'I'.KA M ILY LlBELLULINAE. 25. CELITHEMIS AMANDA (Hagen) (2) Baker Florida. 26. C. ELISA (Hagen) (1) McDowell North Carolina. 27. PERITHEMIS SEMINOLE Calvert (2) Alachua Florida; Wayne Georgia. 28. P. TENERA (Say) (10) Burke. Gwinnett Georgia: Greenwood S. Carolina. 29. LIBELLULA ATRIPKNMS Burmcister (5) Baker Florida; Glynn. Jefferson Georgia. 30. L. AXILLENA Westwood (7) Baker Florida; Glynn, Wayne Georgia. 116 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Apr., '31 31. L. CYANEA Fabricius (2) Mecklenburg. McDowell- North Carolina. 32. L. FLAVIDA Rambur (7) Burke Georgia; Swain, Wilkes North Carolina. 33. L. INCESTA Hagen (10) Baker Florida; Burke, Dooly, Glynn, Laurens, Wayne Georgia. 4. L. LUCTUOSA Burmeister (3) Mecklenburg, McDowell- North Carolina. 35. L. LYDIA Drury (6) Floyd, Gwinnett, Laurens Georgia; Macon, McDowell North Carolina. 36. L. PULCHELLA Drury (2) Mecklenburg North Carolina. 37. L. SEMTFASCIATA Burmeister (1) Glynn Georgia. 38. L. VIBRANS Fabricius (9) Burke. Glynn, Laurens Georgia ; Liberty Florida. 39. SYMPETRUM VICINUM (Hagen) (3) McDowell North Carolina. 40. ERYTHRODIPLAX MINUSCULA (Rambur) (8) Baker- Florida ; Jefferson, Wayne Georgia ; Wilkinson, Mc- Dowell North Carolina. 41. PACHYDIPLAX LONGIPENNIS (Burmeister) (33) Baker - Florida ; Burke, Dooly. Glynn, Gwinnett Georgia ; Meck- lenburg, McDowell, Wilkes. Wilkinson North Carolina. 42. ERYTHEMIS SIMPLICICOLLIS (Say) (8) Baker Florida; Gwinnett, Laurens Georgia; McDowell, Wilkinson- North Carolina. 43. TRAMEA CAROLINA (Linne) (3) Baker Florida; Glynn, Wayne Georgia. 44. T. LACERATA Hagen (2) McDowell North Carolina. 45. PANTALA FLAVESCENS (Fabricius) (1) Greenwood- South Carolina. 46. P. HYMENAEA (Say) (1) Greenwood South Carolina. SUBORDER ZYGOPTERA. SUBFAMILY AGRIONINAE. 47. AGRION APICALE (Burmeister) (8) Burke. Gwinnett Georgia; McDowell North Carolina. 48. A. DIMIDIATUM (Burmeister) (9) Dooly, Wayne- Georgia ; Liberty Florida. 49. A. MACULATUM Beauvais (33) Liberty Florida; Dooly. Jefferson, Wayne Georgia ; Greenwood South Carolina ; Ashe, Cherokee, Macon, Mecklenburg, McDowell, Swain, Wilkes. Wilkinson North Carolina. 50. HETAERINA AMERICANA (Fabricius) (7) Sevier Ten- nessee ; Swain North Carolina. 51. H. TITIA (Drury) (2) Floyd Georgia. SUBFAMILY LESTINAE. 52. LESTES FORCIPATUS Rambur (1) Macon North Carolina. 53. L. RECTANGULARIS Say --(3) Macon, McDowell -- North Carolina. xlH, '31 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 117 SUBFAMILY COENAGRIONINAE. 54. ARGIA APICALIS (Say) (38) Burke, Dooly, Floyd, Laurens Georgia ; Greenwood, Newberry South Caro- lina ; Caldwell, Cherokee, McDowell. Swain, Wilkes North Carolina ; Sevier Tennessee. 55. A. BIPUNCTULATA (Hagen ) - - ( 16) Baker -- Florida ; Greenwood South Carolina ; Jefferson Georgia. 56. A. MOESTA PUTRIDA (Hagen) (10) Baker Florida; Dooly, Gwinnett Georgia ; Greenwood South Carolina ; Swain North Carolina. 57. A. FUMIPENNIS (Burmeister) (12) Baker Florida: Dooly, Gwinnett Georgia ; Wilkeshoro North Carolina. 58. A. SEDULA (Hagen) (4) Greenwood S. Carolina; Mecklenburg, McDowell North Carolina. ,59. A. TIBIALIS (Rambur) (40) Baker, Liberty Florida; Burke, Dooly, Floyd, Jefferson, Laurens Georgia ; Green- wood South Carolina ; Cherokee, Mecklenburg. Wayne, Wilkinson North Carolina. 60. A. TRANSLATA (Hagen) (10) Cherokee North Caro- lina; Sevier -Tennessee. 61. A. VIOLACEA (Hagen) (19) McDowell, Swain North Carolina. ^62. AMPHIAGRION SAUCIUM (Burmeister) (1) Ashe North Carolina. 63. CHROMAGRION CONDITUM (Hagen) (2) Macon North Carolina. 64. ISCHNURA POSITA (Hagen) (12) Dooly Georgia; Mecklenburg, McDowell, Swain. Wilkes, Wilkinson- North Carolina. 65. I. VERTICALIS (Say) (7) Burke Georgia; Macon, Mc- Dowell North Carolina. 66. ANOMALAGRION HASTATUM (Say) (5) Gwinnett Georgia ; Macon, McDowell, Wilkinson North Caro- lina. 67. ENALLAGMA ASPERSUM (Hagen) (2) Macon North Carolina. 68. E. DAECKII (Calvert) (9) Wilkinson North Carolina. 69. E. DOUBLEDAYI Selys (3) Dooly Georgia; McDowell- North Carolina. 70. E. DURUM (Hagen) (1) Baker Florida. 71. E. HAGENI (Walsh) (15) Macon, Wilkinson North Carolina. 72. E. SIGNATUM (Ilagen) (2) Laurens Georgia; Mc- Dowell North Carolina. 118 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Apr., '31 Because of the great amount of territory covered and the comparatively short time devoted to collecting, the results of the trip are mainly of survey value. The collection is quali- tative rather than quantitative. The ratio of the number of species taken to the number of specimens is large. While the primary objective of the expedition was the secur- ing of specimens as indicated, much valuable information re- garding geographic distribution and habits of the insects under observation was amassed. The region collected over seems to have three more or less distinct geographic areas based upon the distribution of the dragonfly fauna. These are : ( 1 ) North Florida and southern Georgia, (Alachua, Baker, Glynn, Liberty and Wayne Coun- ties). Central Georgia and southern South Carolina, (Burke, Dooly, Greenwood, Gwinnett, Jefferson, Johnson, Laurens, Newberry, Spalding and Wilkinson Counties). (3) North Georgia, North Carolina, eastern Tennessee, (Ashe, Caldwell. Cherokee, Floyd, Macon, Mecklenburg, McDowell, Sevier, Swain, Wilkes Counties). The fauna of the North Carolina area was markedly different in many respects from that of the two regions further south. Also within this area there seems to be a secondary one which could be included in a circle drawn around Floyd Co., Ga., Sevier Co., Tenn., and Cherokee, Macon, and Swain Counties, N. C. Some interesting observations on the species collected may lie noted. Macromla georgina and M. taeniolata were flying together at Dublin (Laurens Co.) Ga. At Everett City (Glynn Co.) Ga., we found Coryphaesckna, Nasiaeschna and Epi- aeschna together, and in addition five species of Libcllitla. As the habitat here was a broad road-side drainage ditch, skirting a hammock, the prolific dragon-fly fauna was the more remark- able. Along the Saluda river below Ware Shoals (Greenwood Co.) S. C. both North American specie-* of Pantala were found. The specimen of Somatachlora clougata, a typically northern species, was collected at Highlands (Macon Co.), N. C.. at an xlii, '31 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 119 altitude of 4300 ft. Its presence here was probably due to the elevation effect on temperature. The capture of two specimens of Dromogomphus armatus came as a surprise, as little has been heard from this species since it was described by Selys in 1854. The Gomphines of the North Carolina secondary area are of peculiar interest, several of them being undescribed species in all probability. As mentioned before the collection is essentially fluviatile. Consequently the best represented of the genera is the genus Argia. There were 149 specimens (roughly 30% of the collec- tion) and all of the eastern North American species (8) taken in this group. Contrariwise the genera Enallagma and Ischnura suffered from confining our attention to rivers. Entomological Literature COMPILED BY LAURA S. MACKEY UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF E. T. CRESSON, JR. Under the above head it is intended to note papers received at the Academy of Natural Sciences, of Philadelphia, pertaining to the En- tomology of the Americas (North and South), including Arachnida and Myriopoda. Articles irrelevant to American entomology will not be noted; but contributions to anatomy, physiology and embryology of insects, however, whether relating to American or exotic species will be recorded. The numbers within brackets I ] refer to the journals, as numbered in the list of Periodicals and Serials published in the January and June numbers (or which may be secured from the publisher of Entomological News for lOc), in which the paper appeared. The number of, or annual volume, and in some cases the part, heft, &c. the latter within ( ) follows; then the pagination follows the colon : All continued papers, with few exceptions, are recorded only at their first installments. Papers containing new forms or names have an * preceding the author's name. (S) Papers pertaining exclusively to neotropical species, and not so Indicated in the title, have the symbol (S) at the end of the title of the paper. For records of Economic Literature, see the Experiment Station Rec- ord, Office of Experiment Stations, Washington. Also Review of Applied Entomology, Series A, London. For records of papers on Medical Ento- mology, see Review of Applied Entomology, Series B. U^? Note the change in the method of citing the bibliographical refer- ences, as explained above. Papers published In the Entomological News are not listed. GENERAL. Cockerell, T. D. A. (Review of Howard's History of Applied Entomology]. |68| 73:186-188. Emer- ton, J. H Obituary. By N. Banks. |4| 63/ 23-24. Hart- zell, F. Z. Ecotopographic maps: their use in entomology and notes on making. | 12| 24: 151-157, ill. Hayward, K. j. Some further notes on insect migration in Argentina. | ( '| 64: 40-41. Hoffman, A. Entomologen-Adressbuch. An- nnaire des entomologistes Kntomol< gist's directory. Auf. III. \Yien 1930, 357 pp. Omer-Cooper, J. Species-pairs 120 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Apr., '31 among insects. [31] 127: 237. Osborn, H. Bibliography of Ohio zoology. [Ohio Biol. Surv., Bull.] 23: 353-410. Zwolfer, W. Zur theorie der insektenepidemien. [97] 50: 724-759. ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, ETC. Bonnet, P. La nine, 1'autotomie et la regeneration chez les Araignees, avec nne etude des Dolomedes d'Europe. [Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat., Toulouse] 59: 237-700, ill. Clark, L. B Some factors in- volved in the reaction of insects to changes in luminous in- tensity. [Jour. Exp. Zool.] 58: 31-42, ill. de Boissezon, P. Contribution a 1'etude de la biologic et de 1'histophysiologie de Culex pipiens. [Arch. Zool. Exp. et Gen., Paris] 70: 281- 431, ill. Gorter, F. J. Kocherbauversuche an trichopter- enlarven. [46] 20: 443-532. Mukerji, D. On the respira- tory system of the Cybister larva. [Arch. Zool. Exp. et Gen., Paris] 70: 433-467, ill. Nowikoff, M. Untersuch- ungen iiber die komplexaugen von lepidopteren nebst einigen bemerkungen iiber die rhabdome der Arthropoden im allgemeinen. [94] 138: 1-67, ill. Prell, H. Anopheles und die Malaria. [Plugs. Deut. Ges. angew. Ent.] 9: 61 pp., ill. Valentine, J. M. The olfactory sense of the adult meal worm beetle Tenebrio molitor. [Jour. Exp. Zool.] 58: 165- 228. ill. Zernoff, V. L'immunite et les anticorps non speci- fiques chez les insectes (Chenilles de Galleria mellionella). [77] 96: 151-153. ARACHNIDA AND MYRIOPODA. *Bryant, E. B.- A revision of the American species of the genus Ozyptila. [5] 37: 375-391, ill. *Mello-Leitao. -- Aphantochilidas e Thomisidas do Brasil. [Arch. Alus. Nac., Rio de Janeiro] 31: 9-13. THE SMALLER ORDERS OF INSECTS. Brues, C. T. Jewelled caddis- worm cases. |5] 37: 392-394. *Longinos Navas, R. P. Insectos de la Argentina. [Rev. Soc. Ent. Argentina] 3: 125-132, ill. *Moulton & Stein- weden. A new Taeniothrips on gladiolus. 14] 63: 20-21, ill. ORTHOPTERA. Rosas Costa, J. A. Notas sobre tres ortopteros anomalos. [Rev. Soc. Ent. Argentina] 3: 67-70 ill. HEMIPTERA. Baker, A. D. A study of the male gen- italia of Canadian species of Pentatomidae. [Canadian jour. Res. | 4: 148-179, ill., cont. :!: deLong, D. M. A revision of the AnuTican species of Empoasca known to occur north of Mexico. | U. S. Dept. Agric.] Tech. Bull. 231: 60 pp., ill. Ekblom, T. Morphological and biological studies of the Swedish families of Hemiptera-Heteroptera. [Zool. xlii, '31 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 121 Bidr. Upsal.] 12: 113-150, ill. *Hungerford, H. E.A new Velia from Trinidad ( Veliidae). [75] 7: 172-175, ill. *Melin, D. Hemiptera from South and Central America. [Zool. Bidr. Upsal.] 12: 151-198, ill. *Metcalf & Bruner. Cuban Fulgorina. The families Tropiduchidae and Acanaloniidae. [5] 37: 395-424, ill. Zweigelt, F Blattlausgallen. Histo- genetische und biologische studien an Tetraneura-und Schi- zoneuragallen. [Monograph, angew. Ent.] 11: 684 pp., ill. LEPIDOPTERA. Bourquin, F. Algunas observaci- ones sobre Castniidae. [Rev. Soc. Ent. Argentina] 3: 173- 174, ill. (S). *Breyer, A. Lepidopteros nuevos para la Rep. Argentina. Lepidopteros de Yacanto especies nuevas, raras y comunes. (S). [Rev. Soc. Ent. Argentina] 3: 151- 152, ifl; 169-172, ill. *Brown, F. M. A revision of the genus Aphrissa. (S). [40] 454: 14 pp., ill. Cook, W. C.- An ecologically annotated list of the Phalaenidae of Mon- tana. [4] 63: 1-9. cont. *Draudt, M. Neue Amatiden cles amerikanischen faunengebietes. [17] 48: 33-36, cont. (S). *Jorgensen, P. Las especies de Castniidae de la Argentina y Paraguay. | Rev. Soc. Ent. Argentina] 3: 175-180, ill. *K6hler, P. Un nuevo Saturnido argentine, Mesoleuca hruchi sp. n. | Rev. Soc. Ent. Argentina] 3: 149-150, ill. Kohler, P. Los Dioptidae argentinos. Notas biologicas acerca de Ctenucha vittigera lativitta. [ Rev. Soc. Ent. Ar- gentina] 3: 153-162, ill; 167-168, ill. Martin & Ingham.- An annotated list of the diurnal lepidoptera of Huntington Lake Region, Fresno County, California. [38] 29: 115-134, ill. Nosswitz, F. Xota sobre Epistor lugubris. Un Mor- pho ginandromorfo. | Rev. Soc. Ent. Argentina] 3: 163; 165-166. ill. *Riley, N. D. A new Ithomiine. [9] 64: 35 (S). Schwanwitsch, B. N. Studies upon the wing-pattern of Prepona and Agrias two genera of South-American nymphalid butterflies. [Acta Zool., Stockholm] 11 : 289-424. ill. DIPTERA. *Bequaert, J. The genus Lasia (Cyrtidae) in Xorth America, with descriptions of two new species. [40] 455: 11 pp., ill. Bequaert, J. Notes on Hippobos- cidae. 2. The sub-family Hippoboscinae. |5| 37: 303-326. Curran, C. H. First supplement to the "Diptera of Porto Rico and the Virgin Islands." 1 40 1 456: 23 pp., ill. Dunn, L. H. Rearing the larvae of Dermatobia hominis in man. [5 | 37: 327-342, ill. *Gemignani, E. V. Las especies ar- gentinas del genero Mallophora y description de cuatro nuevas especies. [Rev. Soc. Ent. Argentina] 3: 133-144. Hegh, E. Les Tse-Tses. Tome I. Bruxelles 1929, 742 pp., ill. :i: Lindner, E. Die ausbeute der deutschcn Chaco-Ex- ])edition 1925-26. Rhopalomeridae und Ortalididae. (S) [56] 9: 282-284. *Malloch, J. R. Exotic Muscaridae. [75] 122 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Apr., '31 7: 185-200. Shannon, R. C. The environment and be- havior of some Brazilian mosquitoes. [10] 33: 1-27. COLEOPTERA. *Borchmann, F. Alleculidae y Me- loiclae. (S). [Rev. Soc. Ent. Argentina] 3: 85-100, ill. Brown, W. J. Revision of the North American Aegial- iinae. [4] 63: 9-19, ill., cont. *Bruch, C. Histeridos hues- pedes de Pheidole. Coleopteros nuevos y poco conociclos. (S). [Rev. Soc. Ent. Argentina] 3: 1-12, ill., 31-42, ill. *Chapin, E. A. A new Serica from New Jersey. [95] 44: 5-6. *de Carlo, J. A. Fatnilia Belostomidae. Generos y especies para la Argentina. [Rev. Soc. Ent. Argentina] 3: 101-124, ill. *Ogloblin, A. A. Notes on Bethylidae with the description of two new species from Missiones. [Rev. Soc. Ent., Argentina] 3: 15-27, ill. Beitrag zur kenntnis der neotropischen Halticinen I. [Rev. Soc. Ent. Argentina] 3: 47-53, ill. *Pic, M. Deux nouveaux Heteromeres de la Republique Argentine. Nouveaux Coleopteres de diverses families. (Coleopteres nouveaux de la Republique Argentine. [Rev. Soc. Ent. Argentina] 3: 29-30, 43-46, 55-56. *Pic, M. -Nouveautes diverses. (S). [Mel. Ex. Ent.] Ease. 55-56: 36 pp., 36 pp. *Thery, A. Observations sur quelques Bnprestidae du genre Halecia. (S). [33] 70: 289-304. *Till- yard, R. J. Kansas permian insects, part 13. The new order Protelytroptera, with a discussion of its relationships. [16] 21: 232-266, ill. Tremoleras, J. La fecha de publi- cation de los Carabidos descriptos por Brulle en el "Voyage" de D'Orbugny. [Rev. Soc. Ent. Argentina] 3: 147-148. Ware, R. E. Some notes on collecting Ceram- bycidae. [Proc. Iowa Ac. Aci.] 36: 367-369. Zotta, A. Un ejemplar topotipo de la especie argentina del genero Camp- todontus. [Rev. Soc. Ent. Argentina] 3: 145-146. HYMENOPTERA. Bruch, C. Notas preliminares acerca de Labauchena daguerrei. | Rev. Soc. Ent. Argen- tina] 3: 73-80, ill. (S). *Carpenter, F. M. The lower permian insects of Kansas, Part 3. The protohymenoptera. [5] 37: 343-374, ill. *Cockerell, T. D. A. Some notes on bees of the genus Andrena. |4| 63: 22-23. *Dettmer, H. Beschreibung von ftinf neuen Cynipidenarten, worunter eine neue gattvmg. (S). [Broteriaj 26: 54-68, ill. Dozier, H. L. A new scelionid egg parasite of the black widow spider. |10| 33: 27-28. Haupt, H. Die einordnung der mir bekannten Psammocharidae mit 2 cubitalzellen in mein svs- tem. [Mitt. Zool. Mus., Berlin] 16: 673-797. ill. *Santschi, F. Un nouveau genre de fourmi parasite sans ouvrieres de I' Argentine. [Rev. Soc. Ent. Argentina | 3: 81-82, ill. Vandel, A. fitude d'un gynandromorphe (dinergatandro- morphe) de Pheidole pallidula (Formicides). [78] 65: 114- 129, ill. xlii, '31 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS DEMONS OF THE DUST. By WILLIAM MORTON WHEELER Professor of Entomology in Harvard University. A study in Insect Behavior. W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., Publishers. New York, 1930. Pp. xi, 378, frontispiece and 47 illustrations. $5.00. "The 'demons' of this volume are the inhabitants of extreme desertic environments, sand and dust, It is scarcely necessary to state that the word 'demon' is here used metaphor- ically and in the modern sense of 'a malevolent being.' The term has suffered many changes of meaning. To Homer and Hesiod it meant a benevolent supernatural being, or god, and when Socrates spoke of his daimon he obviously meant a benev- olent spirit like the guardian angel of the devout Catholic. This volume deals mainly with two unrelated groups of insect demons which have acquired a very similar type of behavior as the result of living in dry dust or sand, which as Buxton ( 1923) says 'is in many ways the most hostile of all environments,' for as he remarks later in his fine treatise [Animal Life in Deserts] 'sand probably presents more difficulties to the flora and fauna which attempt to colonize it than does any other type of desert' . . . And more intimate acquaintance with the organisms most exquisitely adapted to live under such difficult conditions is sure to arouse a peculiar feeling of the sinister, malignant, weird or supernatural, or what Goethe called the 'demoniac.' These terms are all fine examples of the besetting sin of verbal- ism, of the tacit assumption that there must be an actual objec- tive existent corresponding to a mental process or state because we can coin a name for it. If this be borne in mind, there is no reason why we may not designate as demons animal organisms that exhibit disconcerting or even monstrous forms and behav- ior as a result of their structural and functional adaptation to extreme environmental conditions." (Pp. 40, 41.) After a chapter devoted to the eighteenth century naturalists, Pluche, Reaumur, Bonnet, Roesel, Queen Ulrica Louisa of Sweden and Degeer. to whom the foundations of our knowledge of these demons is due, and another on the fauna of the sands in general, the third chapter (62 pages) is a summary of post- eighteenth century observations on the Ant-lions, their taxo- nomy, larval structure and behavior. The fourth to eighth chap- ters present similar accounts of those curious Diptera, of the family Rhagionidae, or Leptidae. to whose larvae Reaumur applied the name of worm-lions in 1753. They are treated as of five specific groups: Mediterranean, I'cnuileo rcrmilco Lin- naeus; Sierra. / '. conisloc/ci Wheeler and / '. opm/ns Coquillett; the genus Lampromyia, of Africa, Spain and the Canary Is- lands: the little known \'cnnitihala>ia. The last species was also taken in Florida by Jesse 11. Williamson in 1921, who in the same year took Orjhcinis fcrnigiuea at Miami, and MacrodiplasL balteata at Fort Myers and Enterprise. If Ischnitra crcdula is not a synonym of /. ratnburii, the Florida specimens listed under these two names almost certainly belong to one species. Dr. Byers lists a total of 1592 specimens studied, but the total of males, females, and nymphs is only 1527. This is probably to be explained by duplication in counting a reared nymph as two specimens. The ratio of males (697) to females (618) is remarkable and indicates that many specimens were taken at a distance from water. But still more remarkable is the ratio of species (91) to the number of adults collected (1315). At first I thought Dr. Byers might have identified in the field and collected or saved only those he found of interest but such is evidently not the case as the following facts will show. Agrion dimidiatum from four counties is represented by only 13 specimens, while A. ma-culatum from two counties is represented by 77 specimens. Both species are easily recog- nized in the field. Of fourteen species of Enallagma, two species account for fifty per cent of all the Enallagmas col- lected, and nine species are represented by 8 or fewer speci- mens each. Of the Gomphines, with ten species represented by a total of 65 specimens, two species account for 44 of these, xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 147 seven species have each 4 or fewer specimens, and four are represented each by a single specimen. The story is about the same in the Aeshnines with nine species and 70 specimens ; two species account for 42 of these and five species are represented each by 3 or fewer specimens. In the Libellulines with twenty- seven species and 461 specimens, four species account for over fifty-five percent of the specimens and for nearly twelve per- cent of all the material studied and representing ninety-one species. There are 35 more specimens of Pacliydipla.v lonyi- pcnnis and Erythcinis siinplii'icollis together than all the Gom- phines and Aeshnines: Ttndof these two common Libellulines, generally easily recognized in the field, there are more speci- mens than there are specimens of the fourteen species of Enalhujnia, which are not always determinable until collected and studied, especially when the fauna is new to the collector. All this suggests that there are in the state a few species of wide geographic and seasonal range, and many other species much more local and on the wing for briefer seasons. Because of this, Dr. Byers sampling here and there all over the state at different seasons, was able to record ninety-one species, represented by so relatively few specimens. I do not think his general results or conclusions are in any way invalidated by this limited material, but his "Florida Biotic Areas" and his "Ecological observations on species of Florida Odonata" must be read with this point in mind. During its ontogeny the imago dragonfly may undergo many color changes and at every point these colors may be varied or even changed by environmental factors. In a long series of dried specimens of one species everyone knows the different and unpredictable changes which take place. So I think Dr. Byers' attempt to describe the colors of dragonflies in terms of Ridgway (see page 20, second paragraph above the key) is likely to be confusing, if not misleading, in most cases. It certainly would be done, but in each species it would involve an amount of work and of material far beyond the scope of Dr. Byers' thesis. With this slight criticism the taxonomy of the Florida Odonata is very well done, with a commendable approach to uniformity of treatment and with a key which looks as if it would function. \Yhy the total length, as a cardinal measurement, should be generally, but not always, substituted for the old length of abdomen is not clear, as it involves more parts which may be lost, crushed or jammed out of position; and I see no advantage in dropping the seventy- five year old custom of measuring the hind wing to begin 148 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, '31 measuring the front wing. In the same way the terminology for thoracic stripes, especially of Gomphines, introduced in Needham's Handbook, is, I think, not as good as the old terminology, and in using it Dr. Byers has introduced some confusion. For example, on page 22, the Roman numerals I and II designate dark stripes, while on pages 45 and 55 Roman numerals are used for pale stripes of the same species, though at least once, as, for example, in describing Gomphiis australis on page 56, Roman numerals in either sense are abandoned, and the older and preferable terminology is employed. In the second line from the bottom on page 20, following irings insert -usually. Rubric 2 on page 21 is not true through- out the family as some Aeshnines and Gomphines have no brace vein. On page 22, the first sentence of the second sec- tion of rubric 18 does not agree with the second section of rubric 24. In the second sentence of both sections of rubric 18, Dr. Byers uses upper and lower sectors of the arculus cor- rectly, but beginning on page 67 and continuing through the discussion of the Aeshnines the terms are not correctly used. The position of Nannathemis among the Cordulines in the key might have been advantageously avoided. On page 24, line fifteen from bottom, for 69 read 67. In the first section of rubric 49, change LibcUula to bold face to correspond with other genera in the key. The second section of the same rubric is incorrect or ambiguous. In rubric 52 "brown" is not in Ridgway and in any case is hardly applicable to auripennis, and the "purple" of Ridgway is too vivid to apply to jcsscana. The first section of rubric 60 is not diagnostic for the species placed under it ; there is obviously some confusion in the key in the second section of rubric 61 and rubrics 63 and 64; Erythrodiplax ininuscitlct and bcrcnicc have each less than 11- 17 antenodals ; and the key does not run out to Erythrodiplax as it should. The handling of the sexes of Hctaerina in rubrics 76 and 77 is not in conformity with and not as good as the handling of Lestcs and other genera. Apparently the first section of rubric 96 should be combined with the second sec- tion of 95 or omitted, and the second section of 96 should be omitted. In the second section of rubric 106, "color predomi- nantly light yellow" applies only to males and the same quali- fication should be made on pages 189 and 190 where the description of the adult female applies only to tenerals. In the second section of rubric 108, "the stigma uniform in color" does not apply to the stigma of the front wing of mnibnrii and crcdula. On page 38 there is some sort of evidence for xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 149 taking dcplanata and lydia out of Libcllula, and had this been done the key might have been arranged to run out to Libcllula which could then have been treated as are Erythrodiplax , Trained, and Pantala. On page 39, second section of rubric 66, Ischnura should be in bold face. On page 41, third line, for psi read upsilon. On the same page it is hardly correct to say that the author has a list of 119 species for Florida. Counting the four additions since the book was published, the list is about 106-109. And the statement in the last sentence on the same page is too broad. Dr. Calvert has called my attention to an assertion by Hagen, Stet. Ent. Zeit., XIV, page 100, 1853, that the first author to describe and figure nymphs was Rondelet in 1555 (see first paragraph, page 41). The arduous task of describing the Florida dragonflies in detail has been well, and. in general, uniformly done by Dr. Byers. If a general criticism may be permitted it seems to me that repetition in the text of characters well stated in the preceding key is hardly worth the effort. For example, page 21, rubric 2. "Stigma with a brace vein at its proximal end" is repeated in substance on page 42 (Acshnidac} ; on page 45 (Gomphinac} ; and again on the same page (Ncgomphoidcs}. And, as another example, on page 54, every character but one in the first paragraph is repeated in the last paragraph on the same page. In this connection the general question might be raised whether or not a description, based on a few specimens, of a well-known and widely distributed species, is worth the arduous labor involved. On page 42 the second paragraph might be questioned. In the first paragraph under Petalurinae, "Selys" should be en- closed in parentheses, if one is going to use them at all in this connection. On page 45, last line in the second paragraph, for arc two read is an undcscribcd. On page 51, second line, for short read long. On page 53, last line, Dr. Calvert has called my attention to the fact that Hagen (Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. XI I, p. 255, 1885) described a reared nymph. On page 56, under australis, for H. winy read F. winy. On page 70, lines 5 and 4 from bottom, the wings in females, in addition to color described by Dr. Byers, may be entirely clear or may have the basal area pale and the more distal part suffused. Dr. Byers' discussion on pages 82 and 83 has probably not taken the Oriental fauna enough into account, and his use of Cor- dulegasteridae differs materially from that of Fraser, 1929. On page 83, tenth line from bottom, for Cordnlcyastcr read 150 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, '31 Thecaphora, and omit the parentheses around Selys ; eighth line from bottom, for C. read Acshna; and in seventh line from top, on page 84, make same change for Cordulegastcr. On page 87, thirteenth line from bottom, for 1830 read 1839. Dr. Byers' undetermined Ncurocordulia, pages 98 and 99, may as well prove to be elara as any of the species he mentions. On pages 100 and 101, the lengths given for T. pctcchialis and T. stclla are surely those of abdomens and not of entire insects. On page 104, eleventh line from bottom, for seven read eight; on the same page, third line from bottom, for two read eleven; and in second line from bottom for New World read North America, since five genera of this tribe occur in the New World. Referring to the last line in the first paragraph, page 137, Dr. Calvert has called my attention to a description by himself in Univ. Iowa Stud. Nat. Hist. XII, No. 2, page 25. 1928; and in the same paper, pages 30-35, nymphs of several species of Erythcmis are discussed (see 3rd paragraph, page 141). The description of DytJiemis rnfinervis, pages 143 and 144, may prove misleading and this is especially true of that of the female, which does not agree with any specimens I have seen. On page 152, the second sentence in the first paragraph, some Zygoptera rest with horizontal wings. In the second paragraph on page 154, the second sentence would probably be clearer as follows : Wings usually paler brown in color ; stigma white. On page 163 in the first line of the third para- graph "about six" would be nearer right than "two". In the sixth line of the same paragraph for Cocnagrionidac read Cocnagrioninae. On page 164, first paragraph, first line, for family read subfamily; and the largest species of the Lestinae do not belong to the genus Lcstcs. On page 175, last sen- tence in third paragraph is incorrect. On page 179 seventh line, for Phylo genetically read Morphologicall\. Dr. Byers gives an excellent account of the geology, physical geography, and climate of Florida, but I am unable to see that he shows any relation of the first of these to the present dragonfly fauna, which it seems, as far as definite conclusions are possible, is entirely dependent on the present geography and climate, the vital points of which are the proximity of the northern continental land mass, the narrowness and incom- pleteness of barriers separating it from tropical areas, the present climate, and the diverse aquatic habitats within the state. To be specific, what has geology to do with the dis- H, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 151 tribution in North America of Tachoptcry.r thoreyi and Nan- nothemis bclla? Any attempt to associate certain dragonflies with "natural ecological areas based principally on the dominant type of vege- tation" is, I believe, futile in the case of Florida hammocks and coniferous forests (page 226). Prolonged collecting there would show, as casual visitors, all the Florida dragonflies which do not confine themselves as adults to the immediate vicinity of their nymphal homes, and this means many of the Anisop- tera and some of the Zygoptera. A discussion of major or typical habitats if it is to be exact in detail must be based probably entirely on nymphal life, and when adults are con- sidered their teneral life will probably be of the most signifi- cance. Take an extreme case in adult life to make this point clear : What can be said of the habitat of a dragonfly which circles a pool of waste oil at an oil pumping station, congre- gates in great numbers over rain-flooded cornfields, frequents dredged ditches and abandoned gravel pits, hovers over a farm yard watering trough and a fountain in the city park, and lays eggs in all of them ; and then leaves a village in the center of a continent, where it has been joyously patrolling an oiled street, to take its station on a ship five hundred miles from land? In any case a town can hardly be considered a "highly artificial habitat" (page 241, in last line of which for hifida read ncrvosa}. On page 242 Dr. Byers takes up a discussion of the ecology of Florida dragonflies and here he is at his best, telling his story clearly and vividly, and describing the previously un- known nymphs of seven species. In some cases observations are not numerous enough to warrant the drawing of general conclusions. My own experience has been that in many cases I find the greatest difficulty in arriving -at such conclusions in dealing with species which I observe oftenest, and this is espe- cially true of the Anisoptera. After over a quarter of a cen- tury I cannot tell a "good" Macromia day. So comments on and discussions of Dr. Byers' observations could be prolonged to great lengths. To mention one case, his first sentence under I'^idcsclina hcros, page 256, contains statements of habits which are entirely different from those which have come under my own limited observations of this species. Under the discussion of fossil ( )donata, page 270. Dr. Byers ha.-> apparently overlooked the latest work of Kennedy and Tillyard in which the conclusion reached as to the phylogeny of the Zygoptera is exactly the opposite of that stated on page 152 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [May, '31 271. On page 272, in the phylogehetic diagram, I do not know why Neotropic is placed in parentheses under Epallaginae as the subfamily occurs in every region but the Nearctic, and is best represented in the Oriental. The fossil record unfortunately is insufficient for any choi ological discussion, as denned by Dr. Byers, of the present dragonfly fauna of Florida. On the other hand, when discuss- ing the present Florida fauna and its relations to dragonfly faunas adjacent to it. Dr. Byers is again on solid ground, and he has accumulated and presented his extensive data in a mas- terly way. Certainly his classification of certain species as nearctic, neotropic, and endemic invites discussion which may result in some changes. His use of the word "endemic" is not in the generally accepted sense, and may be translated appar- ently as "originating in", as for example in Groups C and D at the bottom of page 276. The five species listed under C, page 275, should be checked by the reader against the Anno- tated List, pages 11-17. On page 274, at the right of the diagram, transpose ncotropica and ncarctica. The final pages (282-302) of the text discuss very completely and suggestively the "Factors of Distribution", with enough general and controversial matter included to arouse the interest of the general reader. There are two or three minor mistakes to which attention might be called : on page 285, second para- graph, male Zygoptera do not hold the female by the head ; on page 285 and 290, copulation in mid-air is rare or accidental and I am not sure it is universal for even a single specie's ; and on page 290, endophytic oviposition occurs in other loca- tions than living aquatic vegetation. The basis for the arrangement of titles in the bibliography and for the separation of titles into Parts I and II, is not clear. And the arrangement is not good, unless there is some reason for it which I have overlooked. The fourteen Florida habitat photographs, figures 102-115. illustrate beautifully many of the extremely diverse habitats in which it was Dr. Byers' good fortune and pleasure to collect, observe, and philosophize. E. B. WILLIAMSON. OBITUARY. Prof. JOHN HENRY COMSTOCK, emeritus professor of entom- ology at Cornell University, died at Ithaca on March 20, alter a prolonged illness. He was born February 24, 1849. JUNE, 1931 ^^.>>- J - ; .-^ OLOGICAL NE-1& Vol. XLII No. 6 HENRY SKINNER 1861-1926 CONTENTS Finch Professor John Henry Comstock 153 Williams On Some Northern Lepidoptera Rhopalocera 157 Thomas The Predatory Enemies of Elateridae (Coleoptera) . . . . 158 Prof. T. D. A. Cockerell to go to Africa 167 Cresson Descriptions of New Genera and Species of the Dipterous Family Ephydridae. Paper X 168 Severin More about Bites by Aphis Lions (Neur. : Chrysopidae) . . . 171 To Authors of Papers Published in the News 171 Entomological Literature 172 Review Vignon's Introduction a la Biologie Experimental 176 Obituary Professor James Stewart Hine 177 PHILADELPHIA, PA. THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. - Logan Square Entered at the Philadelphia, Pa., Post Office as Second Class Matter. Acceptance for mailing at the special rate of postage prescribed for in Section 1 Act of October 3, 1917, authorized January 15, 1921. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS published monthly, excepting August and September, by The American Entomological Society. Philip P. Calvert. Ph.D., Editor; E. T. Cresson, Jr., R. G. Sthmieder.Ph.D., Associate Editors. Advisory Committee: Philip Laurent, J. A. G Rehn. Chas. Liebeck, J. Chester Bradley, Ph.D., Frank Morton Jones, John C. Lutz, Max Kisliuk, Jr., Wm. W. Chapman. 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Communications on observations made in the course of your studies are solicited ; also exhibits of any specimens you consider of interest. The printer of the "News" will furnish reprints of articles over and above the twenty- five given free at the following rates: One or two pages, twenty-five copies. 35 cents; three or four pages, twenty-five copies, 70 cents; five to eight pages, twenty-five copies, $1.40; nine to twelve pages, twenty-five copies, $2.00; each half-tone plate, twenty-five copies, 30 cents; each plate of line cuts, twenty-five copies, 25 cents; greater numbers of copies will be at the corresponding multiples of these rates. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS VOL. XLII. JUNE, 1931 No. 6 Professor John Henry Comstock. JOHN HENRY COMSTOCK, 82, professor emeritus of entomol- ogy, Cornell University, died at 3:30 o'clock of the morning of March 20, 1931, at his home, 123 Roberts Place, Ithaca, New York, where he had been confined since 1927 by illness following a cerebral hemorrhage. John Henry Comstock was the son of Ebenezer and Susan Allen Comstock. Born in Janesville, Wis., one of the outposts of the march westward, on February 24, 1849, a year after Wisconsin had been admitted to the Union, John Henry Comstock w r as an infant when his father was lured to Cali- fornia by the story of the discovery of gold and died of cholera en route. The boy's mother, who belonged to the family of Ethan Allen, returned with him to her native state, New York, and made an heroic struggle to support him, but she was finally forced to place her son in a public home. He was later taken by a family which, though not affluent, could at least give him enough to eat, and, as the people about him were for the most part sailors, he, too. became at 16 a sailor on the Great Lakes. Although he received a certain amount of formal schooling, he was largely self-educated, and when he found in a book- store a copy of Harris' "Insects Injurious to Vegetation," he- added to his love of botany an interest in entomology, for he bought the book with money borrowed from his shipmates, and so inaugurated his library. At 20 he was ready to enter college, and decided on the new institution. Cornell I'niversitv, on the shores of Cayuga Lake, where he could work his way. 1 le also found inspiring teachers and kindred spirits among the students. John Henry Comstock was one of the creators of Cornell University, for in a very real sense his life has been built into that of the institution. At Cornell he was among the early 153 154 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [June, '31 students, entering in 1869, the year after the University opened, becoming an instructor while still an undergraduate, and gradu- ating with the degree of B.S. in 1874. At Cornell he taught for more than 40 years, and at Cornell he literally created the Department of Entomology which has grown to be one of the best in the country. A colleague, Prof. S. H. Gage, has stated in an historical sketch of Professor Comstock that he gave personal instruction to more than 5,000 students from the year 1872, when he began as an undergraduate to give lectures in entomology, to the time of his retirement in 1914. It is safe to add that practically every one of these found his or her way at some time to the Comstock home and enjoyed its hospitality. The total includes at least 50 of his advanced students who have become state or national entomologists or professors of entomology or zoology in various colleges and experiment stations. Among these is Dr. Leland O. Howard, chief of the Bureau of Entomology of the United States Department of Agriculture. When Professor Comstock began his work at Cornell he constituted the Department of Entomology. He was lec- turer, instructor in the field, and assistant in the laboratory. Room and facilities were also meager. When he retired 41 years later the department had a magnificent material equip- ment and a staff of 31, including five professors. The Comstock Memorial Library was given to Cornell at the time of his retirement, by his former students, who pre- sented to him a fund of $2,500 which was in turn passed on by him to the University. On that occasion the chimes were played in his honor, for he was chime master in 1872-73 and had arranged several of the scores played, at the request of the donor of the bells, Jennie McGraw. This is only one in- dication of the multitude of small as well as great services which John Henry Comstock has performed for Cornell. It is also said that he helped to build with his own hands one of the original University buildings, that in which he later gave his first lectures. Professor Gage tells the story of how the Department of xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 155 Entomology came into being. In tbe Spring of 1872, 13 of Professor Comstock's college mates petitioned the faculty to permit him to give them a course in entomology that term. The request was granted, and from that day on the work in entomology at Cornell has followed the plan which he insti- tuted. Graduated in 18/4 from Cornell University with the degree of Bachelor of Science, he studied as a graduate stu- dent in 1874-5 at Harvard and at the University of Leipzig in 1888-9. In 1878 he married Anna Botsford, then his fellow-student at Cornell, whom he outlived by but six months after more than 50 years of work in common. Professor Comstock taught at Cornell till 1879 when he be- came entomologist for the federal government at \Yashington. Returning in 1881 to Cornell, he served here as professor of entomology and invertebrate zoology until 1914 when he be- came professor emeritus. In 1877 he was lecturer on zoology at Vassar College and from 1891 to 1900 non-resident professor of entolomology at Leland Stanford University. In 1891 President David Starr Jordan of Leland Stanford University asked Professor Comstock to organize a Depart- ment of Entomology at Stanford, similar to that at Cornell and he undertook the work in his vacations from 1891 to 1900. President Jordan had been one of the students who petitioned the Cornell faculty in 1872 for that beginning course in entomology. Professor Comstock's books are all widely known and much used. Many of them are illustrated with beautiful wood cuts made by his wife, Anna Botsford Comstock, herself for many years a professor of nature study at Cornell. Their home in Ithaca and the enthusiastic devotion with which they worked and taught have proved an inspiration to many generations of Cornell students. CATHERINE FINCH in Ithaca Journal-Xc'^-s of March 20, 1931. Prof. Comstock, at the- time of his death, was OIK- of two Americans holding honorary fellowships in the Entomological 156 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [June, '31 Society of London, was a member of the entomological soci- eties of France and of Belgium, honorary fellow of the En- tomological Societies of America and of Ontario, and of the Fourth International Entomological Congress, corresponding member of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia and of the American Entomological Society, member of the American Societies of Naturalists and of Zoologists, of the American Philosophical Society, of the California Academy of Sciences. Readers of the NEWS will find in its volumes notices of some of his more important writings as they appeared ; thus vol. iv, no. 10, Dec., 1893, pp. 334-5, contains a notice of his Evolution and Ta.ronomy; the first edition of his and Mrs. Comstock's Manual for the Study of Insects is reviewed in vol. vi, p. 163, May, 1895, the nineteenth edition in xli, p. 273, Oct., 1930; The Elements of Insect Anatomy, with V. L. Kellogg (vi, p. 268, Oct., 1895), 3rd edition (xiii, p. 21, Jan., '02) ; Insect Life (viii, p. 226, Nov., 1897); The Wings of Insects, with J. G. Needham (ix, p. 75, etc., Mar. ct aL, 1898; The Skeleton of the Head of Insects, with C. Kochi (xiii, p. 55, Feb., '02) ; Spider Book (xxiv, p. 35, Jan., 1913) ; The U'ings of Insects (xxx, p. 148, May, 1919) ; An Introduction to Entomology, Part I (xxxi, p. 208, July, 1920) ; the same, first complete edition, Parts I & II (xxxvi, p. 94, Mar., 1925). Another of his books, written jointly with Mrs. Comstock, was How to Know the Butterflies (1904). Mr. Phil Ran writes to the Editor : "I am enclosing an edi- torial on Dr. Comstock, clipped from the St. Louis Post Dis- pa-tch of March 28. Since it is very seldom that a great daily gives editorial space to an entomologist, I thought perhaps you would like to reproduce the article in the NEWS." This edi- torial follows : THE AMERICAN FABRE. Not every American boy knew of John Henry Comstock, but he led thousands of them in one of the most fascinating branches of nature study. For where is there a boy who has not sat entranced watching a yellow-bodied spider build a web, xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 157 or darted in the sun from hollyhock to peony after spangled- winged butterflies, or chased lightning bugs across the lawn on summer evenings, or spread out under a tree to watch life at an ant hill, the goings out and the comings in and the polite to-do of social amenities in that absorbing world? Thus John Henry Comstock was related to all boydom. He spent most of his 82 years finding out about insects. Entomologists today look back on his pioneering work at Cornell University as the beginning of insect study, both scientific and popular, in this country. His wife was the late Anna Botsford Comstock, natural history artist and wood engraver, with whom he did much of his work. Together they led many an American of a machine age under the open sky and into a fuller appreciation of the world outside the door. (A biographical notice of Mrs. Comstock was published in the NEWS for October, 1930, pp. 277-279, and portraits of her and her husband in the issue for April, 1930, Plate X.). On Some Northern Lepidoptera Rhopalocera. Dr. Samuel C. Palmer, of Swarthmore College, has given us a small series of Lepidopterous insects for identification, which, he captured in Baffinland and Labrador while he was botanist on the Bowdoin-Baffinland Expedition of 1929. A short ac- count of the localities and conditions under which they were collected was published by Mr. James A. G. Rehn in the Febru- ary NEWS for 1931, page 33. The following were caught on the south shore of Frobisher Bay, Baffinland, from August 19th to August 24, 1930: Brenthis iinproba Butler.. lc? Brenthis tarquinius Curtis. 2 Brcnthis bnllcri Edwards. . 2^ 1? Plcbcius aqitilo Boisduval. . 2c?c? Brenthis polaris Boisduval. 1? The following were caught August 27th at Cape Mugford, Labrador : Colias pclidne Boisduval ..... 2<$<$ Ocncis scinitlca var. arctica Colias nastcs Boisduval ..... 1? Gibson ................. lc? l:rcsi' ..... lc? Oencis tay17. BROMLEY, S. W. 1914 Psyche, XXI, Dec., 1914. p. 192-198. CLELAND, J. B. 1918 Science Bull. 15, p. 17, Dept. Agric., New South Wales. COLLINGE, W. E. 1912 Jl. Bd. Agric., England, Sept., 1912. CONRADI, A. F., and EAGERTON, H. C. 1914 Bui. 180, S. Caro- lina Expt. Sta., Clemson. CURTIS, J. 1845 Jl. Roy. Agric. Soc., England, Vol. 5, 1845 Art. XI. p. 180 EAGERTON, H. C. 1914 Bui. 179, S. Carolina Expt. Sta., Clemson. EVERSHED, A. F. and WARBURTON, C. 1918 Jl. Agric. Sci., IX, p. 63. FISHER, E. R. 1889 Note 165R. July 21, 1889, Div. Ent., U. S. Dept. Agric. FITCH, A. 1866 llth Rpt. on Insects of N. Y. In Trans. N. Y. State Agr. Soc., p. 542. FLORENCE, L. 1915 Trans. Highl. and Agric. Soc., XXIV, 1912: XXVI, 1914, XXVII, 1915. FORBES, S. A. 1882 Bui. 6, 111. State Lab. Nat. History, Nor- mal, 111. ID. 1892 18th Rpt. State Ent. of 111. ; 7th Rpt. S. A. Forbes, Reprint 1920. p. 41. ID. 1896 Bui. 44, U. of 111. Expt. Sta. ID. 1903 Article 4, Bui. 111. State Lab. Nat. Hist., Vol. I, No. 3, 2nd Edition, p. 86. FORBUSH, E. H. 1916 Circ. 45, Mass. State Board Agric., p. 20, Feb., 1916. FORD, G. H. 1917 Annals Appl. Biology, III, Nos. 2 and 3 p. 97. FROST, S. W. 1924 Jl. N. Y. Ent. Soc., XXXII, p. 173, Dec., 1924. FRENCH, C., JR. 1913 Jl. Dept. Agric. of Victoria, XI, pt. 12, p. 729, Melbourne. GABRIELSON, I. N. 1912 Wilson Bulletin No. 79, Vol. XXIV, No. 2, pp. 85, 88. 166 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [June, '31 GIBSON, E. H. 191(WFarmer's Bui. 733, p. 5, U. S. Dept. Agric. GRAF, J. E. 1914 Bui. 123, Bur. Ent., U. S. Dept. Agric., p. 46, 48. GRAY, R. A. H. and WHELDON, R. W. 1919 Jl. Newcastle (England) Farmers' Club. GUNTHER, R. T. 1917 Rpt. on Damage by Birds in Norfolk, etc., in 1916. Oxford Univ. Press. HABER, V. R. 1926 Journ. Comp. Psychology, VI, No. 2, p. 189, Apr., 1926. HAWKINS, J. H. 1928 Bui. 343, p. 15, Maine Expt. Sta., Orono. HORTON, T- R. 1918 Bui. 647, p. 51, U. S. Dept. Agric. HYSLOP, J. A. 1910 Proc. Ent. Soc. Washington, Vol. 12, No. 2, p. 98. ID. 1915 Bui. 156, p. 25, U. S. Dept. Agric. ID. 1916 Farmers' Bui. 725. p. 10, U. S. D. A. JUDD, S. D. 1901 Bui. 15, Biol. Survey, U. S. D. A. KALMBACH, E. R. 1914 Bui. 107, U.' S. D. A. 1920 Far- mers' Bui. 1102, U. S. D. A. 1928 Farmers' Bui. 1571, U. S. D. A. KIRBY, W. and SPENCE, W. 1846 Introd. to Ent., 6th London Edit., pp. 191, 195, 258. KIRKLAND, A. H. 1904 Farmers' Bui. 196, pp. 8, 10, U. S. Dept. Agric. LEIDY, J. 1877 Proc. Phila. Acad. Nat. Sci., Vol. 29, p. 260. LEIGH, H. S. 1914 Rpt. on Rook Feeding Habits, Econ. Or- nith. Comm., England. MASAITAS, A. I. 1929 Izv. sibirsk. Kraev. Stantz. Zashch. Rast. No. 3 (6), pp. 1-41, Tomsk. (Rev. Appl. Ent. XVIII, 48.) McAxEE, W. L. 1908 Bui. 32, Biol. Survey, U. S. Dept. Agric. NEWSTEAD, R. 1908 Food of British Birds, Suppl. Jl. Bd. Agric., Dec., 1908. O'KANE, W. C. 1913 Extens. Circ. 8, N. Hampshire Expt. Sta. ORTON, W. A. and CHITTENDEN, F. H. 1917 Farmers' Bui. 856, U. S. Dept. Agric. PERGANDE, T. 1882 Notes, Vol. 4, No. 2884, Oct. 9, 1882, Div. Ent., U. S. D. A. ROEBUCK, A. 1925 "Eggs", XI, Nos. 12, 13, 25, pp. 206, 210, 418; XII, Nos. 1 and 3, pp. 4, 37. Rudgwick, Sussex, Mar.- July, 1925 (RAE, XIII, 590.) RYMER-ROBERTS, A. W. 1919 Ann. Applied Biology, Vol. VI, Nos. 2 and 3, p. 132. xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 167 SACHTLEBEN, H. 1925 Arb. Biol. Reichsanst. Land. u. Forstw., XIV, No. 1, p. 77. SCHAFFNIT, E. 1919 Bericht Auftreten v. Feind u. Krankh. d. Kulturpfl. in d. Rheinprov. 1918 u. 1919, p. 47. SCHEFFER, T. H. 1910 Farm. Bui. 168, Kansas Expt. Sta., Manhattan, Kans. SOKANOVSKII, B. V. 1926 Defense des Plantes, III, No. 4-5, p. 390. Leningrad. SURFACE, H. A. 1907 Zool. Bui., Div., Zool, Pa. Dept. Agric., Vol. V, No. 3, No. 8; Dec. 1, 1907, pp. 93, 246. ID. 1913 Bi-Monthly Bui., Div. Zool., Pa. Dept. Agric., Vol. Ill, Nos. 3 and 4, May-July, 1913. SWEZEY, O. H. 1924 Rpt. Comm. Expt. Sta., Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Assoc., 1923-24, p. 13. THEOBALD, F. V. 1917 Fruit Flower and Vegetable Trades' Journal, London, Oct. 13, 1917. UMNOV, A. 1913 Rept. on work of Ent. Bureau of Zemstvo of Kaluga for 1913. Kaluga, Russia. (RAE. II, 263.) VASSILIEV, E. M. 1913, 1914 Rpts. of the Ent. Expt. Sta. of All Russian Soc. of Sugar Refiners, in Smiela, Kiev. ViExiNGHOFF-RiESCH, A. VON 1928 Z. angew. Ent., XIII, No. 3, p. 483. VOSTRIKOV, P. 1916 Orchards, Market Garden and Bachza., Suppl., Astrachan (Russia), Nos. 2-3, Feb. -Mar., 1916. WALTON, C. L. 1917 Ann. Appl. Biol., Vol. IV, Nos. 1 and 2, Sept., 1917, p. 7. WATSON, J. R. 1917-1919 Florida Expt. Sta. Buls. 134 and 151. WEBSTER, F. M. 1893 Bui. 46, Ohio Agr. Expt. Sta., p. 228. WHITE, P. B. 1914 Jl. Bd. Agric., England, Vol. 21, No. 5, p. 401. WILCOX, E. V. 1892 Bui. 43, Ohio Expt. Sta., 1892, p. 127. WILLIAMSON, W. 1916 Spec. Bui. 8, p. 2, Univ. Minnesota Agric. Extension Div. Prof. T. D. A. Cockerell to go to Africa. In June my wife and I sail for England, and thence early in July, accompanied by Miss Alice Mackie, for Lobito Bay, West Coast of Africa; thence by rail to the Katanga country, then to Lake Tanganyika, then south via Rhodesia to the Cape; back to England by sea, and reach Colorado about Christmas. T. D. A. COCKERELL. 168 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS |J une > '31 Descriptions of New Genera and Species of the Dipterous Family Ephydridae. Paper X.* By EZRA T. CRESSON, JR. Ochthera canescens new species Black; palpi, halteres, bases of fore and middle tibiae, and tarsi, yellow. Wings immaculate, hyaline, with pale veins. Similar to m-antis but the frontal orbits opaque, ocherous. Mesonotum faintly bronzed, overcast with gray which becomes white laterally, on the pleura and metanotum. Abdomen over- cast with gray becoming more dense laterally. Structurally similar to mantis. Ocellar bristles distinct, much appressed. Mesonotum and scutellum subgranulose. Fore tibial spur as long as the basitarsus, the latter in the male with a well developed apical flexor, spine-like, conical spur, more or less obscured by long bristly hairs ; middle femora of male with two flexor series of short bristles, the hind basitarsus with curved flexor hairs. Length, 5 mm. Type. Male ; Polisha, FORMOSA, March, 1908, (Sauter), [A.N.S.P., No. 6485]. Paratypcs 1 $ , 1? ; Anping, For- mosa, April, 1912, (Sauter), [Hungary Nat. Mus.]. Ochthera loreta new species Black; palpi, base of fore and middle tarsi, second to fourth segments of hind tarsi, tawny. Halteres pale yellow. Wings hyaline with pale veins. Of general aeneous to metallic silvery color ; mesonotum with three cuperous stripes ; face granulose, brassy, densely silvery pubescent, leaving the usual sculptured quadrate spots or bars, bare. Abdomen cinereous with broad poorly defined median brown stripes, narrowly extending later- ally along the posterior margins of the segments. Structurally similar to c.vcidf'ta, but the anterior ocellus not noticeably large ; face roundly convex, not conical ; tormae broader than long; lateral margins of abdomen of male rounded, not angularly turned. Type. Male; Loreta, BAJA CALIFORNIA, May 1 ( ), 1921, (E. P. VanDuzee), [California Acad. Sci.]. Paratypc. 1 $ ; topotypical. 1 $ ; Tampico, MEXICO, December 22, 1908, [Illinois Natural History Survey]. * Paper VIII. See ENT. NEWS, XLI, p. 76, (1930). Paper IX. See ENT. NEWS, XLII, p. 104, (1931). xlli, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 169 Ochthera baia new species Black ; fore tarsi exeept apicully, and base of middle tarsi, tawny; halteres pale yellow. Wings brownish with brown veins. Frontal plate shining, the broad orbits velvety-black ; face uniformally golden pubescent ; cheeks and lower occiput cinereous; mesonotum granulose, brassy, with three cupreous stripes; scutellum similar, with brassy tinge. Abdomen rather shining, sparingly brown pruinose ; the laterally turned down lateral lobes densely cinereous ; pleura and femora, cinereous. Structurally and in size similar to lor eta. Type. - - Male ; Mulege, I>AJA CALIFORNIA, May 14, 1921. (E. P. VanDuzee), [California Acad. Sci. Collection.]. Para- tvpcs. 1 ]).. 4 pp. Schenkling & Marshall. Coleopterorum Catalogus. Pars 116. Curculion- idae: Dinomorphinae, Somatodinne, Amycterinae, Gonipter- inae. 39 pp., 11 pp. Schenkling, S. Coleopterorum Cata- logus. Pars 117. Niponiidae. Monommidae, Sphindidae, As- pidiphoridae, Sphaeritidae. 7 p])., 4 pp., 2 ]>]).. 2 pp. Siep- mann, C. G. On the validity of Glischrochilus quadri- signatus (Nitidulidae). [lo| _>h": 24-35, ill. HYMENOPTERA. Clausen, C. P. -- Biological notes on the Trigonalidae. [10] 33: 72-81, ill. *Cushman, R. A. 176 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [June, '31 Notes on ichneumon-flies of the genus Polycyrtus with descriptions of new species. (S). [50] 78, Art. 14: 62 pp. Denton, S. B. Amblyteles semicaeruleus. [at Cheoah, N. C.] Sphecius speciosus. [at Robbinsville, N. C.] Vespula maculata and Apis mellifica. | at Robbinsville, N. C.] [19J 26: 3; 35; 44. Kutter, H. Mit bananen eingeschleppte ameisen. [41] 15: 61-64. Rau, P. The cocooning habit of the wasp, Monobia quadridens. [19] 26: 4-6. Schwarz, H. F. The nest habits of the diplopterous wasp, Polybia occidentalis, variety scutellaris, as observed at Barro Colo- rado, Canal Zone. '[40] 471 : 27 pp., ill. Schwarz, H. F- A case of stylopization in a panurgid bee, Liopoeum sub- metallicum (Spinola). [6] 39: 77-79. VIGNON, P. INTRODUCTION A LA BIOLOGIE EXPERIMENTALE. Les etres organises, activites, instincts, structures. 1930. 731 p., 890 fig., 21 pis. en noir, 3 pis. en couleurs. Preface du Pro- fesseur E.-L. Bouvier, membre de 1'Institut. Paris, P. Leche- valier. Theories aside, the author brings us face to face with organisms as they are and as they behave. Beginning with ani- mals nearest man, descending the scale, he finds the germ of mind in the Infusoria, Heliozoa and the Amebas. Chap. II treats of some of the least well known instincts. Starting with the idea that instinct is hardly distinguishable from personal initiative, one soon arrives at instincts too wise to be com- passed by the inventive power of the creature itself, to say nothing of many instincts inseparably connected with appro- priate organs : thus one reaches a domain virginal and rich. Chap. Ill relates curious facts bearing upon the problem of organic construction. Chap. IV treats extensively of mimicry, seen from many points of view. The author describes in some detail the extraordinary leaf-grasshoppers of tropical America, which he alone has had opportunity to study in detail. The second part is concerned with Evolution : certain, but inexplicable, manifestly so in the case of the origin of the Tentaculifera, the multiplication of types of the Radiolaria and, above all, when one considers certain mutations which in- volve an enormous, sudden change, such as the origin of Sac- ciilina and development of the beak in various reptiles and birds of the Secondary Era. A study of development of the feather and a visit to the world of flowers bring to an end the second part. 863 works are cited in the Bibliographic Index. 1004 species or varieties are mentioned in the Systematic Index. An impor- tant Biological Index is presented. A Philosophical Index is concerned with that philosophy of nature, the foundations of which it is the mission of science to establish. PAUL VIGNON, xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 177 OBITUARY. Professor JAMES STEWART HINE, Director of the Division of Natural History of the Ohio State Archaeological and His- torical Museum, died December 22, 1^30. His death was due to an acute heart attack and occurred in his home while he, his children and the neighhor children were making prepara- tions for Christmas. Professor Hine had always enjoyed rohust health. His taking away was without warning. Professor Hine was horn at Wauseon, Ohio, June 13, 1866, was raised on a farm and worked his way through Ohio State University, where he received the B. S. degree in 1893. From this time to his death his activities were centered on the Univer- sity Campus, first on the faculty of Ohio State University, and in his later years at the Archaeological Museum. From 1894 to 1896 he was Instructor in Entomology, from 1896-1902, Assistant Professor of Zoology and Entomology, and from 1902 to 1925, Associate Professor of Entomolgy. In 1925 the Ohio State Archaeological Museum decided to develop a Division of Ohio Natural History which could cooperate with the state high schools and Professor Hine, because of his wide knowledge of the state fauna, was asked to organize the divi- sion. During 1925-1927 he devoted half his time to teaching and half to the organization of the Division of Natural His- tory. From 1927 till his death, 1930, he devoted full time to the latter position. In his earlier years of teaching Professor Hine handled at one time or another the various courses given in entomology, hut in later years came more into the teaching of apiculture. He had received his biological education under David Kellicott when the field was almost wholly morphological and systematic. With this start his interests in research through life were almost wholly systematic. His first extended collecting trip beyond the borders of Ohio was during June to September, 1903. when he worked at the Gulf Biologic Station of the University of Louisiana, at Cam- eron on the Gulf Coast. His study here, besides general col- lecting, was on horse (lies and at least six subsequent papers were written on this work, the main ones being A preliminary 178 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [June, '31 report on the horseflies of Louisiana, 1906, and A second re- port on the horseflies of Louisiana, 1907. His second extensive collecting trip was taken during Janu- ary to March, 1905, in Central America with E. B. Williamson, and C. C. Beam, where Hine collected Odonata and Diptera. The records of Odonata are given in the Supplement to the Neuroptera of the Biologia Ccutrali Americana, but his bibliog- raphy gives no papers on the Diptera of this trip. The third trip was during July and August. 1907, to Southern California, the Huachucha Mountains of Arizona and to Northern Mexico. The Odonata of this trip are in the Wil- liamson Collection. No special papers were written on the material. From about this time on Hine had built up by collecting and trading such a large collection of Diptera, particularly Tabani- dae and Asilidae that the majority of his subsequent papers were revisions of groups and papers on new species. During the ten years from 1907 to 1917 Hine spent his vaca- tions in the development of his apple farm at Ira, Ohio, a few miles from Akron. While regretting the loss of time for col- lecting trips he felt that getting his four children onto a farm each summer more than paid for his time lost from entomo- logical work. Eventually the orchard became very profitable and as the city of Akron grew it became very valuable. In 1917 Professor Hine went as entomologist and ornithol- ogist on the first National Geographic Society expedition under the direction of Robert Griggs to the Katmai volcanic region of Alaska. Hine arrived at Kodiak Island June 8, 1917, col- lected there until June 14, when the expedition crossed to Katmai Bay, June 15th. He spent the greater part of his time collecting birds, small mammals and insects in the region within 15-20 miles of the base cam]) on Katmai Bay, but made trips into Katmai Valley and into the Valley of 10,000 Smokes. August 30 to September 20 was spent on Kodiak Island, when the expedition returned to the States. In 1919 Professor Hine went as entomologist and ornithol- ogist on the second National Geographic Society expedition to xlii, '31 J ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 179 the Katmai region. He arrived at the base camp at the head of Naknek Lake, June 21, and spent the most of the summer collecting in the vicinity of the hase camp. During June 26-30 and July 6-10 trips were made by boat down Naknek Lake. Starting August 17, he made a trip over Katmai Range to Katmai Crater and back to Katmai Bay, Kocliak Island and Seattle, where he arrived September 26.* The only papers specifically on these trips appear to be The birds of the Katmai Region, 1919, Description of Alaskan Diptcra of the Family Syrphidae, 1922, and Alaskan species of Diptcra. of the genus Hclophilns, 1923. During the winter of 1922-23 Hine studied at the Zoological Museum of the University of Michigan with two or three weeks during this period at the U. S. National Museum. In 1925 he made a trip with the writer to England during August and September for the purpose of studying types of Tabanidae, particularly those of Walker, in the British Mu- seum. Except for a few short trips into the region about Lon- don his whole time was spent at the Museum studying tabanid types. In 1923 Professor Hine made a trip to southern Florida and Cuba lasting from March to May 15. He made extensive collections of Diptera and Odonata.t When Professor Hine shifted in 1925 from the Department of Zoology and Entomology of Ohio State University to the Directorship of the Division of Natural History in the Archae- ological Museum, he found the type of work and the oppor- tunity for which he proved to be especially fitted. His work here involved the building of collections of all types of animal life found in ( )hio. He was given a staff of three assistants and worked at every opportunity through a group of enthusi- astic amateur collectors, some of whom have already developed a broad knowledge of the Ohio fauna. Besides the extensive insect collections the Museum already has very complete col- lections of the birds, mammals, amphibians and fishes of Ohio. * I wish to thank Dr. J. O. Sayre for the data from his field notes on the Alaskan trips. f The latter have been found, while examining his collections since his death, to have been ruined by dermestids. 180 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [June, '31 An excellent ornithological library has been assembled by pur- chase. For the first time in his life Hine showed his great ability to interest others in natural history to the extent of giv- ing time and money to the building up of Ohio collections. All during his life Professor Mine's interest, second to that in insects, was in birds. He was a charter member of the first Wheaton Club organized in 1896 and its record book shows that he gave the first formal paper on its first program, "The Order Pygopodes". After a few years this club became a social thing and eventually died. In 1921 a second Wheaton Club was organized. Hine was its president from 1921 to 1927. The latter took in permanent Columbus members as well as University students and has become a stable organi- zation. Through his teaching of apiculture he became interested in Ohio apicultural problems and was active for many years in the Ohio Beekeepers Association, being its president for several years. To Professor Hine the real joy of life came in collecting in the field and in systematic work in his laboratory. He was an inveterate collector and brought together by field work and trading very fine collections of Tabanidae and Asilidae with much material on other large Diptera. He was equally a col- lector of books and, having purchased the C. H. T. Townsend library, built on it an excellent library on the systematics of Diptera. His bibliography includes 92 titles which can be roughly divided as follows : Diptera, 52 titles, mostly descriptions and generic revision; Odonata 10; other groups of insects 23; mam- mals 2; birds 3; and on horticulture 2. At the time of his death he had completed all the basic work on a volume on the mammals of Ohio and on a monograph of the Tabanidae of North America. Professor Hine had the gift of patience and a very great gift in his ability to interest others in birds and insects. He has left a lasting impression on faunal work in Ohio and on systematic work in Tabanidae and Asilidae. CLARENCE HAMILTON KENNEDY. JULY, ENTOMOLOGICAL ITS Vol. XLII No. 7 Ik HENRY SKINNER 1861-1926 CONTENTS Calvert Dr. Friedrich Ris 181 A Scarcity of Specialists . 191 Chamberlin Parachernes ronnaii, a New Genus and Species of False Scorpion from Brazil (Arachnida-Chelonethida) 192 Peters A New Louse from Domestic Chickens (Malloph.: Philopteri- dae). ... 195 Rau Notes on the Homing of Several Species of Wasps (Chrysididae, Sphegoidea. Vespoidea) 199 Haskin Some Unusual Occurrences of Butterflies in Connecticut (Lepid.: Pieridae, Nymphalidae) 201 Musgrave A Coleopterous Enemy of Corydalis cornuta L. (Anthi- cidae; Neur.: Sialididae) 202 Congratulations to Dr, L. O. Howard 203 Caudell Notes on Blattidae, Adventive to the United States (Orthop.) ^204 Entomological Literature 205 Review Imms' Recent Advances in Entomology 209 Obituary Ferdinand F. Crevecoeur 212 PHILADELPHIA, PA. THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. Logan Square Entered at the Philadelphia, Pa., Post Office as Second Class Matter. Acceptance for mailing at the special rate of postage prescribed for in Section 1 Act of October 3, 1917, authorized January 15, ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS published monthly, excepting August and September, by The American Entomological Society. Philip P. Calvert. Ph.D., Editor; E. T. Cresson, Jr., R. G. Sthmieder.Ph.D., Associate Editors. Advisory Committee: Philip Laurent, J, A. G Rehn, Chas. Liebeck, J. Chester Bradley, Ph.D., Frank Morton Jones, John C. Lutz, Max Kisliuk, Jr., Wm. W. Chapman. 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(Portrait and autograph Plate IV) Dr. Friedrich Ris was born in Glarus, Switzerland, January 8, 1867, as the second oldest of four children, three brothers and one sister. The family since the sixteenth century were citizens of Glarus, the little capital of the canton Glarus, one of the old mountain cantons. In 1873 he entered the school of the little town. It was a Volkschule and there was no other, but it was of good standing, so that when the family moved to Zurich in 1881 F. Ris could attend, without trouble, Class III B of the Lower Gymnasium, with the Zuricher boys of his own age. He attended the Zurich Gymnasium up to the Maturitatsprufung in 1885. He selected the study of medicine and completed all five semesters at the University of Zurich. In 1890 he passed the State Examination and acquired the doctor's diploma in the same year. His doctor's thesis concerned a surgical ques- tion and was approved by the then Professor of Surgery of the University, Dr. Kronlein. In order to see something of the world after his student years, passed entirely in Zurich, he entered the employ of the Norddeutscherlloyd at Bremen as a ship's doctor. He made four voyages, one to North America, two to South America and one to the East as far as Shanghai. His brief shore leaves he used preferably for entomological excursions. After his return he was in the surgical division of the can- tonal hospital at Zurich as assistant physician, 1892-93, under Prof. Kronlein. It was a time of extremely severe hospital work. Free days were used for high mountain tours and entomological excursions. In 1892 there was a short visit to the Eppendorf Hospital in Hamburg, where his student friend Dr. L. Manchot worked. A cholera epidemic prevailed at Hamburg and his friend had asked Dr. Ris to come and study the disease on the spot. Dr. Ris possessed an unusual gift for 181 182 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [J lu y-> '31 surgical medicine, thanks to his sure and light touch. Indeed, as assistant physician in the Insane Hospital at Rheinau, and later as Director, he performed for years all major and minor operations both in the Institute and in the village of Rheinau. Later, as he himself said, the technique changed in many re- spects and since the Winterthur Hospital was near he had his surgical patients treated there. In serious cases, however, he would always take part. In 1895 he left the Cantonal Hospital at Zurich, as exclu- sively surgical activity had not pleased him. He entered the service of the Insane Hospital at Rheinau as Assistant Physi- cian under Bleuler, who was then Director. In 1897 the canton Tessin began the construction of its Insane Hospital and called Dr. Ris as Director thereof. He accepted the call and went to Mendrisio after some months of study with Prof. Forel in j Burgholzli. In Mendrisio, building came first, but as over- seeing the building did not fully occupy his time and mind, he obtained permission to dwell in Pavia and to work in Golgi's laboratory there. When in 1898 Prof. Forel retired from his office, Bleuler became his successor as Director of Burgholzli and professor of Psychiatry. Dr. Ris was chosen as Director of the Insane Hospital at Rheinau, where he remained to his death. This is an outline of the medical career of Dr. Ris. It is accompanied by another, that of the learned investigator of Nature. This begins in early youth and is really the main career and that of the physician is added to it. Dr. Ris began butterfly collecting as a boyish sport, which was soon cultivated with great earnestness and thoroughness, as I well remember. He was encouraged in this in early boyhood years, not by a teacher, but by a notable woman who practised the calling of taxidermist, that is, she stuffed animals of all kinds for collec- tions and museums. She had thereby acquired, self-taught, a well-founded knowledge in diverse fields of natural science, that is of zoology. She showed the boy the knack of spread- ing insects and preparing them, and lent him her books on Natural History. At the Zurich Gymnasium, Prof. Gustav xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 183 Schoch, who taught Zoology, soon noticed his scholar Ris. He introduced him into the "Entomologische Kranzchen," a small society of Zurich entomologists from the most varied walks of life. In 1886 he made the acquaintance of Dr. Max Stand- fuss, who had hecome Conservator at the "Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule." This acquaintance became a life-long friendship. At the end of the eighties hegan the correspond- ence with Baron de Selys-Longchamps. 1 That with K. J. Mor- ton was "begun in 1893 on the introduction of the late Mr. McLachlan", that with the writer in 1896. Sixty-four of his letters and cards, from December 22, 1896, to September 23, 1930, lie before me and I shall let them tell, as nearly as pos- sible, the story of his entomological work. Two of the earliest are in German, the remainder in English : "schreiben Sie mir Englisch", so runs the first letter, "ich verstehe es vollstandig, schreibe es auch, aber dies doch nicht so leicht, dass ich da, wo es moglich ist, nicht lieber meine Muttersprache anwendete." That same letter, of December 22, 1896, is prophetic of what was to be his greatest work : Einen Plan den ich einst hegte, namlich Material zu sammeln, um selbst die Synopsis der Libellulinen auszuarbeiten, habe ich so ziemlich wiecler ausgegeben. Meine Berufsarbeiten als Arzt und Direktor einer (allerdings sehr kleiner) Irrenanstalt ges- tatten mir kaum so weitreichende entomologische Arbeiten zu unternehmen. Ich bemiihe mich aber sehr meine Sammlung von Libellen der ganzen Welt zu vergrossern, oder eigentlich ist zu schaffen. denn zur Zeit ist sie noch sehr klein. In the same epistle too, he wrote : Beside the Odonata I concern myself also with other Neuroptera, particularly the Trichoptera in recent years have absorbed a large part of my time available for entomology. (Transl.) Many of his letters are, naturally, occupied with remarks on one or other of our entomological papers which we were con- stantlv exchanging, or on work in progress. In July I was with M. de Selys Longchamps at Liege and Longchamps and with M. Rene Martin at Le Blanc. The study nf the two great collections was extraordinarily interesting to me. (1. Aug. 1899.) 1 Up to this point I am indebted to the kindness of Fraulein ELISABETH Ris for this account nf her brother. 184 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS utyv '31 My own interest in Odonata is as active as is possible with regard to my time for entomology. I am engaged in rather heavy work, having agreed to the wishes of Baron de Selys Longchamps' son (and his own as deposited in his testament) and undertaken the collaboration in a Catalogue of the Selysian collection. Sometimes I am really afraid that I have under- taken too much and am not able to finish what I have begun not by want of zeal (and insight, as I might perhaps venture to add) but merely by lack of time. But I hope still and am busy in that time which I can dispose of. My part in the work is the Libellulinae and I earnestly try to make of it not a mere catalogue of the collection, but a review and synopsis of all that is described to date. More especially will I try to bring Brauer's system (which is still the best) up to date and to group the genera as well as may be done without knowledge of the early stages. Then a careful study and in many cases a new description of the Ramburian types is necessary. My idea of the work (more especially of my part, the Libellulinae) is to give : 1. A critical catalogue of species (Kirby's work will be of great value as an almost complete bibliographical reference, much less so for systematics and for critical examination of species and descriptions). 2. A system of Libellulinae up to date. 3. Keys to the more numerous [in species] and more diffi- cult genera. 4. Complete descriptions of such species as might prove new and of the Ramburian types as far as there is need of such. 5. Special reference to where a complete description may be found. I do not care to have any great number of nov. spec, to present (I really think there are not so many as one might suppose) but will earnestly try to know not only what is really described but also distinct. Mr. Kirby has collected the names j with marvellous patience and learning, but I would try to get through the names on the matter itself, as M. de Selys has done on those groups that he has worked out. The task is, indeed, very heavy, but if I can get through, something good might be done. I repeat that priority questions to me are absolutely of no consequence in the present work and that my only ambition is to get up a tolerably reliable systematic and critical catalogue of Libellulinae with here and there a description where there is need for it and some good keys for the large and difficult genera. In not a few genera ( I may name Tramca, Orthetrum, xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 185 Old World 7^'ithcinis, etc.) great slaughter of old (and some- times new) names will be necessary to bring some order into the matter. (1 Dec. 1901.) Sometimes the work seems interminable and courage is nearly failing. (2 Feb. 1906.) I am much more inclined to reduc- tion than to multiplication of genera. (18 Feb. 1906.) I will not be long in telling you what I have done in London. - My time was too short for paving a visit to Mr. Champion without being in a hurry and so I did not use the letter of introduction that you had so kindly given me. So besides the Natural History Museum and a Sunday afternoon at Kew, I have seen nothing of the sights of London, the greatest sight being indeed always the Metropolis itself. My stay was of but one week. From the many notes that I have taken at the British Museum, I will take out such as might interest you for the B[iologia] C[entrali-] Afmericana], together with such observations in the same line from the de Selys collection where I have again worked for eight days before going to London, (5 Nov. 1906.) A serious injury to an eye (received, I believe, in the in- stitute at Rheinau) threatened the continuance of his work on the Catalogue ; it is referred to in two of his letters : I have to thank you heartily for two very kind letters. The first I received when in the hospital at Winterthiir for treat- ment after that bad accident, the second when I was just leav- ing home for Italy. I think the best I can do for myself, and to merit all those good wishes I received from many friends is to be courageous and try to get on again as if things were un- changed. That of course they are not; but the deep mental, and to some degree also physical, depression that immediately followed the accident, is now fairly over. I am here at Ischia with a good friend (Prof. Lang, zoologist of Zurich Univer- sity) where we both take long walks for health and distraction and do some little work. I have here my Libellulinae notes and am working at the printer's copy, getting on pretty well . . . The oculist told me that the right eye, although short- sighted, is good for any kind of work and' that I have not to take any special regards. ( Porto Is., Ischia. Italv, 24 March 1W.) ' "This was in May, 1906, when he made his only visit to (iivat llritain and spent a few days at Edinburgh with Mr. Morton (K. J. M. in litt 9. June, 1906, and Ent. Mo. Ma.u. Ixvii. j>. 66, March, 1931; tlie latter reference is to an appreciative obituary of Dr. Ris). 186 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [July.', '31 You were so kind as to ask about my personal health, etc. Well, I think I overcame pretty well the great blow which the entire loss (such it was) of my left eye was at first and to a certain extent continues to be ... I dare say I am doing, since about the end of the year 1907, when the immediate effects of the disaster began slowly to vanish, my fair share of work. In professional duties, I have gradually taken up again all my work ... In entomology, I think I have done, since the end of 1907, more work than in any corresponding period of my life. The reason is simple, for I was soon aware that the best way to forget and not to haunt after regrets for the past and better days was to give way to a certain working fever that from time to time came over me. Formerly I had sometimes thought of giving up entomology, at least temporarily, as being in contrast [conflict] with my duties; but now I feel I owe too much to that science to give way at any time to such a thought. (27 Feb. 1909.) Printing of the Libelluline portion of the Selys Catalogue began at Brussels in the Spring of 1909 and continued until 1913, forming fascicles 9-16 (Ire partie) of the whole series. In the meantime, as is usual in such cases, a large amount of additional material was placed at Ris's disposition for study, especially the extensive Guatemalan, Guianan and Trinidad col- lections of E. B. Williamson. Work on a supplement dealing with these was begun. The World War broke out, interfering with further publication at Brussels. The following is the situation of the last part of the Libel- lulinen of the Selysian Catalogue. It is very nearly finished; proofs are now being read of the alphabetical index ; besides the rest of this index and some title pages, everything is printed. But as far as I am aware, M. Severin had not the intention to send off the edition before the end of the war. (20 March 1916.) Various plans were considered for the preliminary publica- tion of the new species in the United States or in Holland. Finally My friend Severin writes to me that the last installment of my Libellulinae monograph (with the indices and bibliography) has been deposited on March 1, 1919, at the National Library, Academy of Sciences, etc. It therefore may lie regarded as published at that date. (11 March, 1919.) xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 187 This monograph of "Libellulinen" of 1248 quarto pages, 692 text figures and 8 colored plates is undoubtedly Ris' great and lasting contribution to science. It has been reviewed in the NEWS 3 at some length and therefore will not be further dis- cussed here. Ris's general papers on the ( Klonata, seven in number, in- clude, in addition to the Libelluline monograph, UntersHch- unyen it. die (iestalt des Kuiiinagens bei den Libellen it. ihrcn Law en (1896) 4 , with phylogenetic conclusions, Oriposition in Cordulcyastcr (1905), Kopidationsmarken bei Libellen (1910), Die Atmungsorgane d. anisopleren Libellenlaruen (1913), Uebcr Ontogencse d. Fliiyeladeruny bei den Libellen (1916), and Gynandromorphismits bei Odonaten (1929). Seventeen papers refer to the palaearctic fauna (Switzerland 1886, 1890, 1894, 1897, 1916, 1919; Spain 1927; central Europe 1900, 1909, 1910, 1920; Europe in general 1906, 1927; Central Asia 1897, Persian Gulf 1928; China 1928, Northern Africa 1911, 1928), twelve to the Oriental (six to the Asiatic mainland or nearby islands, 1912, 1914, 1916, 1917, 1927, 1930, six to the Malay Archipelago 1911, 1912. 1915. 1916, 1927, 1930). Seven papers are concerned with the Australasian area (1898, 1900, 1910, l'H3 two, 1915, 1929), eleven with the Ethiopian region (1909, 1911 two. 1912, 1913, 1915 two, 1917, 1(>. The edit. .rial in our issue for November, 1918, entitled "Entomology in Central Europe," gives extracts from Ris's letters of 3 March and U> Sept., 1918, without mention of his name, and testify to the depression produced by the war. ' See Ent. News, viii, pp. 39-40, 1897, for an abstract. '"' Reference to the Zoological Record for the years given for the papers will give the place of publication. 188 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS Dragonflies (1921) and Lib ell en aus dcr Region dcr ameri- kanischen Kordillercn von Costa Rica bis Catamarca (1918). At least five of the papers enumerated above as referring to the Swiss fauna contain data on other "Neuroptera" as well. There are besides at least five papers especially concerned with Perlidae (1896, 1902, 1903, 1905, 1913) four with Trichoptera (1893, 1895, 1903, 1904) one with Plecoptera, Neuroptera and Trichoptera (1923) all of the Swiss fauna. There are four general entomological papers : Ucbcr Rich- tungslinicn dcr Systcnwtik (1916), Dcr Artbcgriff, insbeson- dcre in dcr Entomologic (1918), Bcobachtungcn und Gcdankcn iibcr Zoogcographic aitf kleinsteni Return (1924) and Die gcographischc Vcrbrcitung dcr Inscktcn dcr Schwcis (1926), the last being one of the opening addresses at the Third En- tomological Congress at Zurich, in July, 1925. In later years his interest in collecting and rearing Lepidop- tera revived. His friendship with Dr. M. Standfuss, to which his sister has referred, had led to a detailed summary (1895) of Standfuss' experiments on the effect of extreme tempera- tures on Lepidopterous pupae and a review (1896) of the second edition of the latter's Handbuch dcr palaarctischen Grosschmettcrlinge. After the Libelluline monograph was well out of the way, the fruits of butterfly studies appeared in papers on sexual characters of pupae (1920), the sphragis of Par- nassius (1924), the generations of Picris napi (1928), and seasonal forms of Swiss butterflies (1930). Several fairly extensive pieces of taxonomic research were still on his hands when he passed away the African Pseuda- grions, Orthemis, Neotropical Trameas with new materials, Chinese and Philippine collections. And in the background of all stands preparatory work for a new Catalogue of Odonata. If I live (in good condition for work) to 1932, when I can retire, and if nobody else does the work in the meantime, I hope I shall do it. When a year ago I made a summary extract of the Calopterygidae for Sjostedt, I found that three-fifths of the species were represented in Kirby's work, two-fifths not yet catalogued. Similar propor- tions supposed to exist all over the order, it is evident that a new catalogue would be desirable (17 Nov. 1928). xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 189 Regarding catalogs: My idea is not to put Kirby's Cat. up to date, but to make an entirely new thing. It is very ques- tionable if I ever arrive to do that; the possibilities fully depend on the condition in which I may eventually retire from my office ; the date would be 1932 ; it is a long way to that and before I am retired I can only undertake minor work in en- tomology, since the forces are no more sufficient to do both things : professional duties and serious research work. But I am, as a means that eventually could also serve another person and successor, keeping up to date a manuscript catalog of all described living Odonata, into which every record of Odonata, that passes through my hands, is put down. Every name has a sheet ; in the newer parts cross references are regularly entered and such are also made as soon as they turn up for the older parts. The whole is divided into subfamilies for Ani- soptera, 'legions' for Zygoptera; within the subfamilies or 'legions' genera are arranged alphabetically, so are species within genera. Geographical notes are always extracted, other remarks often added. The whole thing is very nearly com- plete. For a printed catalog, the great question would be to arrange systematically the alphabetical rough material. This latter task would, to my view, need a volume of comment. . . . If I live up to 1932 in good form for such work, it shall be the first thing that I undertake; if not, the MS. catalog may pass to somebody else for similar use. . . . The catalog is written on writing paper (octavo), not cards, and in a number of portfolios, measures 55 cm. over the back. Together with the set of books and the collection it makes my odonatological working outfit and makes me almost independent from the resources of a great city and enables me to do some work in this out of the way place. (25 Feb., 1929.) The technical solution of a general collection in the hands of a private man of very limited means was given, as soon as I made up my mind to renounce the setting of specimens alto- gether ; the whole collection is papered, and I find that for working purposes this condition is even preferable to a set col- lection. (9 Jan. 1913.) My collection (I say it again when examining some parts with Tillyard) must now be one of the largest in existence (the Museums included). It is in good working condition, but not lit for show. (7 Sept. 1926.) You may be right with your intentions to concentrate your activities on the t'ostarican and similar materials. Hut I freely admit that I must regret such a decision. I see the moment coming when I shall thus be alone to try for a comprehensive knowledge of the whole field. The Americans conspicuously limit their investigations to the inhabitants of their own two 190 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS continents ; Laidlaw, Fraser, Lieftinck have never touched American materials ; Morton has his great love for the Palae- arctics ; Schmidt is hesitating, also with Palaearctic sympathies. So it may sometime appear that my own work, rambling over the five continents, must necessarily he somewhat superficial. Nevertheless I think I shall continue in the old way, partly from real interest in the whole series, which interest I can only tem- porarily concentrate on one geographic unit, partly from a feel- ing that there should be at least one representative of the older generation, who tries to lie able to give (with due allowance for time and otherwise limited possibilities) an answer to any single question that might be put to him on dragonflies of any part of the world thus continuing (perhaps as a kind of 'glacial relic') the traditions of Selys and McLachlan. If my hope of realizing some day a new catalogue is not vain, the necessity of continuing the studies on the universal line is, of course, imperative. (23 Sept. 1930 the last letter I had from him!) The students of the Odonata found their way to Rheinau: Morton in 1904 (and in August, 1928, at Zurich), R. J. Till- ard and Mrs. Tillyard in 1926, E. M. Walker in the summer of 1928. the writer and Mrs. Calvert in August, 1929. Indeed one of the great services that entomology has done me, and continues to do, has been the development of friend- ships that have given color and distinction to an existence which otherwise might have been a rather dull one in many respects. So nature pays to her lovers not only with her own admirable and sublime productions, but also with the friendships of fel- low admirers and followers of her beauty and profound secrets. Like to yourself, so to me, correspondence of days to come will be enlivened by the remembrance of a personal intercourse, which was delightful in every respect (3 Sept. 1929.) On Tuesday, January 27, 1931, his sister writes us. Dr. Ris attended the funeral of a long-time associate in Zurich. On Thursday evening, the 29th, he was arranging lantern slides for a lecture to the patients to be given in the first week of Febru- ary. On the following morning, when he did not appear long after his usual hour, he was found to have passed away- apparently peacefully and painlessly. From her letter and from one from Mr. K. J. Morton, we learn that, under Dr. Ris's will, his dragonfly collection with This, of course, was written before the appearance of Prof. Needham's extensive Handbook of the Dragonflies of China. xlii, '31 J ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 191 that part of his library, printed and written, referring to the Odonata, and his entomological correspondence, goes to the Senckenherg Museum in Frankfurt am Main; the Trichoptera, and presumably the other "Neuroptera", and pertinent litera- ture, to the Entomologisches Institut der schweizerischen tech- nischen Hochschule in Zurich ; his Swiss butterflies to the Naturforschenden Verein in Schaffhausen. Ris was truly the successor of de Selys, Brauer and Mc- Lachlan. Morton, in his obituary notice, and Needham, in a private letter, both use the word "foremost" to designate his place as an authority, a student, of the Odonata of the world, and rightly so. When I read a sentence in his letter of 14 Jan., 1930, to me : "do not forget to think about the possibilities of writing on history of entomology !", I hope that this present endeavor to record his life and work may be a fulfillment of his injunction. The loss of a sympathetic correspondent of more than thirty years' standing is no little thing, nor can we ever quite replace in our affections those of our own, or of an older, generation, "Treasuring the look we cannot find, The words that are not heard again." PHILIP P. CALVERT. A Scarcity of Specialists. From the Annual Report of the Institute for Medical Re- search of the Federated Malay States at Kuala Lumpur for 1929, we take the following: Mites in oil palms : At the be- ginning of the year, monthly collections of mites from the decayed male flowers of oil palms were commenced. This material again yielded large numbers of mites, but in this coun- try, owing to the absence of literature and types for compari- son, there was no opportunity of identifying the great number of forms met with, a large percentage of which is probably undescribed. Dr. Guy A. K. Marshall, C. M. G., F. R. S., Director of the Imperial llureau of Entomology, very kindly endeavoured to find someone in Europe who would undertake the work of identifying the mites. Ilis efforts were unsuc- cessful, however, owing to the great shortage of competent acarologists, and these collections were therefore abandoned. Enough mounted material was retained to indicate whether or not a mite found on a coolie on the estate had its origin in the oil palm. (P. 14.) 192 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [July., '31 Parachernes ronnaii, a New Genus and Species of False Scorpion from Brazil (Arachnida-Chelonethida). By JOSEPH CONRAD CITAMBERLIN, Twin Falls, Idaho. I am indebted to Dr. Antonio Ronna of Caxias, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, for the specimen upon which this paper is based. I take pleasure in dedicating this interesting species to its dis- coverer. PARACHERNES gen. nov. Orthotype. Parachernes ronaii sp. nov. Brazil. Diagnosis. Typical cheliferoid genus belonging to the family Chernetidae, and related to Chcrncs, Hesperochcrncs, and Dino- cheirus. Eye spots present but inconspicuous ; carapace of usual form and provided with two procurved transverse furrows ; Parachernes ronnaii gen. and sp. nov. ?. A. Tip of fixed finger of chela showing type of dentition. Note acces- sory as well as marginal teeth. B. Exterior aspect of right chela showing chaetotaxy, dentition, and venom apparatus. C. Genital oper'culum. D. Ventral aspect of left pedipalpus or cheliped. E. Galea. F. Tarsus nt leg IV. G, H, I, J. Characteristic types of setae. G, from anterior face of tibia of pedipalp ; H, from fourth pedal tibia; I, from pedipalpal tro- chanter and J, from pedal femur. All same scale of magnification. xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 193 flagellum of 3 blades ; sexual development of galea unknown but probably dimorphic ; the normal 5 setae of palm of chelicera present, b and sb showing typical terminal denticles as in Hcspcrochcrncs; lamina interior with dentate terminal tooth and 3 dentate subterminal lobes; basal lamella of serrula ex- terior elongated to about twice normal length and acute; other lamellae of typical ligulate form. The chaetotaxy of the chela differs markedly from that occurring in C'ltcnics, Hc.spcro- clicrncs, or I)inoclicinis and is characterized principally by a marked basal concentration of the interior series of tactile setae (fig. B). Sense spots occur on both fixed and mobile fingers of the chela but are few (fig. B). t'hcla provided with acces- sory teeth both interiorly and exteriorly (fig. A and B). Venom duct of long type, the nodus ramosus lying barely proximad of the terminal seta of the movable finger (fig. B). Dorsal sclerites of body and most of pedipalps beset by thickened, scarcely clavate, terminally dentate setae (fig. G-J). Expanded abdomen normally ovate, extending well beyond the fourth legs when these are normally flexed. All tergites and sternites except the eleventh longitudinally divided into scutae by a relatively broad membranous strip ; each bearing the usual border series of 14 to 16 setae. Posterior tergites normal, defi- nitely transverse (not recurved). Eleventh tergite bearing a lateral pair of pseudotactile setae, the 1 1th sternite with a sub- median pair. Female genital area characterized by a loose clus- ter of about 20 short acute setae (fig. C) much as occurs in Hesperochernes. Legs typical, claws and subterminal setae simple ; fourth tibia without tactile seta ; tactile seta of tarsus IV half as long as tarsus and placed midway between the base and tip of the segment (fig. F). T radical trunks without in- ternal papillate projections. Remarks. From all previously named segregates of Chcrncs, Paracliicrnes differs markedly in the chaetotaxy of the chela; from Hcspcroclicrncs it differs in possessing a 3 instead of 4 bladed flagellum; from Hesperochernes and Clicrncs sens. str. it differs in the possession of a tactile seta on the 4th tarsus; from Dinochcinis, Hcsperochcrncs, and Cliernes it differs in the non-clavate setae of the dorsal sclerites and pedipalps ; from Dinochcinis and Clicrncs it differs in having the sub-basal and basal setae of the chelicerae both terminally dentate. In the absence of a male example the presence or absence of sexual dimorphism in the chela can not be directly ascertained. The 194 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS uty-, '31 following considerations may, however, yield a clue as to the facts in the case. The orthotype of the genus seems to find its nearest described relative in "Chcmcs" michaelsoni Sim. as redescribed by With. 1 With's redescription was based upon a single male. According -to his figures the chaetotaxy, etc., of the chela is quite similar to that here figured for P. ronnaii, and it is likely that the two are congeneric. He represents the chela fingers as clearly gaping. From this we may tentatively infer that the chela is sexually dimorphic in Parachernes. Since With would rarely describe as new a species which by any pos- sibility could be assigned to one already named, it is impossible to be sure that michaelsoni Simon and michaelsoni (Sim.) With are really the same species because of the serious inadequacy of Simon's original description as seen in the light of present knowledge. Parachernes ronnaii sp. nov. (Figs. A-J ) Holotypc, 9, (JC-716. 01001) taken clinging to a fly at Caxias (Rio Grande do Sul), Brazil, by Dr. Antonio Ronna. Deposited in Stanford University Collections. Diagnosis. Anterior carapacal furrow most distinct of the two, median in position and laterally procurved ; posterior fur- row nearer posterior carapacal margin than anterior furrow and only slightly procurved laterally. Carapace longer than broad behind, bordered posteriorly by 12 short thickened setae. Scutae of third tergite narrower than either those preceding or succeeding; tergites bordered by about 14 to 16 thickened setae each, the median ones at least bearing in addition a single slender and slightly subclavate, terminally denticulate seta anterior to the marginal series on either side. Each tergal scutum with a weak central spot. Fingers of chela with about 32 or 33 well defined slightly retro-conical marginal teeth (fig. A and B) ; with an exterior series 3 and 4 evenly spaced, small and incon- spicuous accessory teeth exteriorly on the movable and fixed fingers of the chela respectively (fig. B) ; interiorly there is on either finger a single large accessory tooth about 1/3 re- moved from ringer tip (fig. B) ; sense spots sub-basal exteriorly on both fingers and interiorly on the fixed finger (fig. B). Palps as illustrated (fig. D) ; maxilla smooth except on post- 1 With, Carl. 1908. Cheliferinae. Trans. Zool. Soc. London 18:282. Figs. 22 a-c. xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 195 clivus; remainder of palps, except posteriorly on tibia and chela and on fingers, evenly granulate and beset by thickened setae (fig. G and I). Trochanter with a distinctly conical protuber- ance or heel behind, 1.3 times as long as broad; femur typical, 2.3 times as long as broad; tibia normal, subequal to femur in length, 2.1 times as long as broad and 1.2 times as long as hand; chela 2.7 times as long as broad and almost 1.3 times as long as breadth of trochanter ; fingers scarcely longer than hand but clearly longer than its breadth; hand very slightly broader than deep and 1.3 times as long as broad. Chelicerae typical, galea with (i branches (fig. E). Length of adult, 9 2.1 mm. A New Louse from Domestic Chickens (Mallophaga : Philopteridae). By HAROLD S. PETERS, Bureau of Entomology, U. S. Department of Agriculture. During a collecting trip in the southern Bahama Islands in the summer of 1930 I found a new biting louse (order Mallo- phaga) on the heads of chickens in four localities. The com- mon chicken head louse (Lipeiints heterographus Nitzsch) was not found. Four other species of lice common on chickens throughout the world were found in connection with the new species; namely, the wing louse (Lipciinis caponis Linn.), the fluff louse (Goiiiocotcs Jwlogastcr Nitz.), the shaft louse (Mcnopon yaUinac Linn.), and the brown chicken louse (Goniodcs (fissiinilis Nitz.). According to the natives, the original stock of their poultry was obtained from Haiti or Santo Domingo, so this is evidently a tropical species. This is further evidenced by the fact that specimens from domestic chickens from Venezuela and Liberia were found in the col- lection of the National Museum. Lipeurus tropicalis n. sp. I >esrrihed from 42 individuals collected from chickens in the IJahama Islands, by myself, as follows: Four males, two females, and one immature form from Great Ragged Island, July 3, 1930 ( Bishopp Xo. 150'>3) ; eight males, nine females, and one immature form from Providenciales, C'aicos Islands, July 23, 1930 (I'ishopp Xo. 15144); one male, one female, 196 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [July., '31 and four immature forms from Grand Turks Island, July 31, 1930 (Bishopp No. 15193) ; and three males, three females, and five immature forms from Great Inagua Island, August 10, 1930 (Bishopp No. 15276). Also described from speci- mens in the National Museum as follows : One female collected from chicken at Cuidad Bolivar, Venezuela, July, 1925, by L. H. Dunn; and two males and two females collected from chicken at Reppo's Town, Liberia, August 31, 1926, by Prof. Jos. Bequaert. Description of MALE. Head one and one-half times as long as wide, obtusely angled in front ; forehead widest just before the large and movable trabeculae. Head little wider across temples than before trabeculae. Temples broadly rounded. Posterior edge of head slightly concave. Eyes clear and protruding, with a long dorsal ocular seta. Color light brown with dark brown lateral borders, antennal and occipital bands, esophageal sderite, mandibles, and a long narrow gular signature. Antennae almost as long as head, reaching, if ex- tended backwards, beyond the prothorax. First segment pale, greatly enlarged, and elongated, being as long as the remain- ing four segments combined and bearing a dorsal projection from the middle of the segment. Segment 2 half as long as segment one and longer than segments 3, 4, and 5 combined. Segment 3 dark brown and formed into a dorsal inward pro- Explanation of Figures. Fig. 1. Head of male, dorsal; female antenna at left. All x 44. a, Sternum, x 44. Fig. 2. Male gcnitalia. x44. xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 197 jecting hook slightly longer than either segments 4 or 5, which are about equal in length. (Fig. 1.) Thorax almost as long as head, pale brown in color with dark brown lateral margins and with a typical, somewhat pear- shaped sternum (Fig. 1, a). Prothorax about two-thirds as wide as head, and about one and one-third times as wide as long, roughly rectangular in shape, the sides almost parallel, the posterior edge slightly convex, and with a seta at each latero-posterior rounded angle. Pterothorax roughly trape- zoidal in shape and slightly broader than the head or the first abdominal segment, and twice as long as the prothorax. The sides are slightly diverging, with broadly rounded latero-pos- terior angles in which one seta is situated. Slightly nearer the middle, on the posterior border, there is a group of four very long pustulated setae situated in a small uncolored area. Pos- terior border slightly angulated on abdomen. Legs pale, with brown borders. Forelegs short, with the coxae narrowly sepa- rated, middle and hind legs long, hind legs longest, and with widely separated coxae. Abdomen of nine segments, elongate with sides somewhat parallel, and with a peculiar, somewhat spade-shaped ninth seg- ment. Segments 1 to 8 about equal in length except segments 3 and 4, which are somewhat shorter than the rest ; widest at segment 3. Segment 9 slightly bilobed, elongated, slightly longer than wide, and about three-fifths as wide as segment 8. Light brown in color, with dark brown pleurites forming a lateral band interrupted at sutures, lighter brown median mark- ings, and with a clear space or band just inside the lateral band in which the small spiracles on segments 2 to 7 are situated. The general color of the ninth segment is very light brown, with medium dark brown anterior border and lateral borders, thus leaving a clear central portion. On the dorsal surface segment 1 lias two setae near middle of anterior border and a curved row of four setae behind these. Segments 2 to 6 have a curved row of six setae near the posterior border of each segment. Segment 7 has four setae, segment 8 has two setae near anterior border and a group of three setae in an elongated triangular uncolored area on each side near the posterior border, the outermost being much the longest. A few setae are present on the ventral surface. On the lateral margins of segments 1 and 2 there are no setae; segments three and four have one seta in posterior angles, and segments five and six have two sc-tae, segment 7 has four setae, and segment 8 has two setae near the anterior border of the segment, one being very long. Segment 9 has three small setae near the anterior border of 198 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [J u ty-> '31 the segment. Genitalia distinctive, having an elongated basal plate extending forward into the third abdominal segment (fig- 2). Description of FEMALE. Head as in the male except that the trabeculae and antennae are each about half as large, and the trabeculae are not movable. The antennae, if extended backwards, will not reach the posterior border of head. (See fig. 1.) Thorax and legs as in the male except that the thorax is somewhat shorter and broader. Abdomen slightly longer and somewhat broader than that of the male. Segments 1 to 8 about equal in length ; widest at fourth segment^ Eighth and ninth segments fused, somewhat trapezoidal in shape, about two-fifths as wide posteriorly as anteriorly, and slightly bilobed. The color is somewhat differ- ent from that of the male. The pleurites and the area between them and the spiracles are dark brown, forming a wide dark brown continuous lateral band as the pleurites extend into the preceding segment. The median markings are dark brown also, are separate on segments 1 to 7, and are shaped like an hour- glass, with a diamond-shaped median golden brown area. On segments 5, 6. 7, and 8 there is a longitudinal median brown rod lying in the clear lateral area. The posterior half of seg- ment 8 is dark brown, shading to light brown posteriorly, with a narrow median uncolored area. Setae about the same as on the male. Description of IMMATURE FORMS. The eleven immature speci- mens at hand, all over half grown, show the typical angulated front and have the same number of setae in about the same position as the adults. Average Measurements in mm. Male Female Length Width Length Width Head 0.721 0.483 0.742 0.516 Thorax 612 .583 .606 .611 Abdomen 1.863 .637 1.916 .837 Total 3.196 3.264 Type Host. 'Callus do-niesticus, chicken. Type Locality. Great Ragged Island, BAHAMA ISLANDS, BRITISH WEST INDIES. Type Slide. Cat. No. 43488 U. S. N. M. xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 199 The holotypc male and allotype female on the type slide were collected from chicken at the type locality on July 3, 1930, by myself (Bishopp No. 15063). The para-types are in the collection of the Bureau of Entomology and in my personal collection. This species is most closely related to Li pc urns laivrensis Bedford (1920), described from a wild guinea fowl from Africa, hut is easily separated by the angulated front, posterior segment of male, differences in coloration and chaetotaxy, and by being about three-fourths mm. shorter in length. L. tropi- calis possibly originated from a wild guinea, as I find specimens in the National Museum, collected from five species of wild guineas from Africa, which may be referred to this species, all having the angulated front, although they may be separated as varieties at some future time. L. tropicalis is very easily differentiated from L. hctcrographus and L. caponis, commonly found on chickens, by its larger size, angulated front, and male srenitalia. Notes on the Homing of Several Species of Wasps (Hym. : Chrysididae, Sphegoidea, Vespoidea). By PHIL RAU, Kirkwood, Missouri. AYhile taking carpenter-bees and burrowing-bees afield* to test their ability to find their way back home, it was sometimes possible to pick up various species of wasps also, paint them with distinguishing marks and liberate them, along with the others, at fixed distances from their homes. The results of these experiments are noted below. Two cuckoo-bees, Chrysis (Tctrachrysis} la-mini f era Bis- choff [G. Sandhouse] and Chrysis (He.vachrysis) sp. [G. Sandhouse] were liberated on July 10, at 4:20 p.m., one mile from the place of their capture. Both returned the next morn- ing, at 9:10 and 9:50 o'clock. These are parasitic bees, and it is surprising that they should remember and manifest so much interest in the nest of the host and return to it in the same way as does a nesting bee. *Journ. Comp. Psychol. 9: 35-70, 1929. 200 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS A mud-daubing wasp, Sccliphron cacmentarium female, was carried one-third mile east of the clay bank where it was found getting mud, and liberated at midday, September 1. She re- turned in 25 minutes. Three females of Trypo.vylon olavatum were liberated on July 10, at 4:20 p.m., one mile from the clay bank in which they were nesting in old bee burrows. One returned the next morning at 10:05. Four Trypo.vylon albopilosum (females) nesting in the clay bank, were taken away one mile and liberated at 4 :20 p.m. Three returned the same afternoon, in 15 minutes, 1 hour and \y^ hours, respectively. The fourth never arrived home. An- other one, liberated at a distance of two miles, did not return. Ancistrocerus fulvipcs was liberated on July 10, one mile from home at 2:15 p.m.; it returned at 4:30. Two males and four females of Monobia quadridcns were liberated at two miles distance at midday ; none returned. One female was captured as she brought in a caterpillar to her nest, and was carried away one mile at 1 :20 p.m. She reappeared the next morning at 10 o'clock, but her sister, liberated at the same time, did not return. A marked female of the grass-carrier. Chlorion auripes, was set free June 22 at 11 :45, at a point two miles from the build- ing where it nested. Up to noon the next day it did not re- turn. However, it later found its way home, because one week later it was taken, still wearing its dot of red paint, while bringing in a cricket to its nest. It was again carried to the two-mile point and liberated at 2:57 p.m. It found its way home more quickly this time, consuming only two hours and two minutes in the flight. One queen of Polistcs pallipcs was marked and liberated two miles from home at 10:30 a.m. Sunday, and it returned at 8:50 a.m. Monday. It took her over 22 hours, but she even- tually reached home. It may actually have taken this length of time to find her way home from a distance of two miles, and again she may have indulged in a little loafing along the way, as we know Polistcs sometimes do. xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 201 Some Unusual Occurrences of Butterflies in Connec- ticut (Lepid. : Pieridae, Nymphalidae). By J. R. HASKIN, \Yaterford, Connecticut. From California the land of sunshine and hntterflies to Connecticut is a far cry but I find that even in Connecticut, my new home, many interesting field notes can be made if one is observant. In the January, 1931, NEWS, is reported the capture of Catopsilia philca in Missouri in June, 1930. This was of partic- ular interest to me because we took one in Connecticut also. On August 26, 1930, my daughter observed and netted a large showy butterfly hovering about the flowers on our lawn at Oswegatchie Point. From the fresh appearance of the butter- fly I doubt very much if it had flown a great distance. My theory is that it came up from the tropics in chrysalis form, presumably on a bunch of bananas or in a box of tropical fruits or vegetables. Such occurrences have been noted in connection with other species also. On September 25, I took a specimen of Euptoicta claudia Cramer. This specimen was so recently hatched from its chrysalis that it was hardly able to fly. The wings were still quite fragile. It certainly must have existed in chrysalis form here in Waterford, and one wonders how this could have happened. A very careful search of the locality during several days succeeding failed to discover any others of the species. The summer of 1930 was particularly dry and hot and re- minded me continually of the average Southern California weather. Throughout the entire season Colias philodice was one of the commonest butterflies in this vicinity. Its size and color varied as the spring, summer, and autumn seasons ad- vanced. On October 13. I had taken several in an open field, and much to my surprise I then captured a very fresh and weak-flving female butterfly that compared exactly with some of the richest colored Colitis eurytheme amphidusa that I look in California. The color of the black borders is very wide and dark and very heavily developed on the secondaries. The primaries are heavily suffused with orange, while the orange spot on the secondaries is very dark and large and the secon- 202 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS daries are heavily suffused with black overlaid with a tinge of orange. I took this specimen late in the afternoon and found only one or two more normal philodicc after a careful search of the field. The next day it turned cold and stormy and October 13 proved to be the last successful collecting day of the season. I intend to watch this field very carefully during the coming spring to see whether any more of this unusual type appear. Query : Did the unusually dry and hot summer of 1930 result in this fall-hatched specimen from the normal philodice or is it only a freak specimen? I noticed throughout the latter part of the season that Terias lisa was unusually abundant. These are not uncommon in this vicinity but one generally takes only an occasional specimen. A Coleopterous Enemy of Corydalis cornuta L. (Anthicidae ; Neur. : Sialididae).* By PAUL N. MUSGRAVE, Fairmont, West Virginia. Last August while collecting aquatic insects in the South Branch of the Potomac River, Pendleton County, West Vir- ginia, practically all egg masses of Corydalis cornuta L. were found to be infested by an Anthicid beetle, AntJiicus lieroicus Casey. At least 95% of egg masses examined were found to have from one to four small holes cut through the outer coat- ing and into the center of the mass. The size, shape and loca- tion of the openings varied a great deal, some being only large enough to admit the adult beetle, 2-3 mm. in diameter, while others were much larger and irregular in shape. Some open- ings were cut in the center of the mass and others at the edge. The only variation in the percentage of infestation was found in masses placed on leaves of trees, or stones on the shore, where it was possible for ants to reach them. Whether or not the ants were the controlling factor, masses found on shore rocks and ledges were much more likely to be free from infes- tation than those laid on stones in the middle of the stream. Opening an infested mass usually meant the discovery of from one to eight adult beetles which immediately tried to * Contribution from Department of Entomology, West Virginia Uni- versity. xlii, '31] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 203 escape. Sometimes they flew directly from the mass, some- times dropped to the water and then flew from the surface of the water but usually they ran to a crevice in the stone or into another egg mass. Often a stone would have twenty to thirty masses on one surface with most of them infested and then the disturbed beetles resembled an opened ant hill as they ran here and there trying to find a hiding place. Besides the adults, larvae of different si/es and ages were found. As many as fourteen small larvae were found in one mass and eight or ten was a common number. Adults and larvae were regularly found in the same mass but usually adults would be in company with larger larvae only. When the larvae are ready to pupate they hollow out a small cell in the crevice-soil, or more rarely in the debris of the egg mass itself. In examining several hundreds of egg masses only three pupae were found in the masses, while they were com- mon in the sandy soil in which moss (Grinnnia apocarpa (L.) Hedw.) was growing. However many cells containing full- grown larvae were found in the egg masses and it may be that they commonly pupate there. Adults emerged August 30-Sep- tember 5 from pupae collected in August. The larvae were determined by Dr. Adam G. Boving and adults by Air. H. S. Barber, both of the United States Na- tional Museum and to whom thanks are due. Dr. L. O. Howard apparently first discovered an Anthicid (Ant hie us hahlcmanni Lee.) in the egg mass of the Dobson in 1895 on the rocky shores of the Potomac near Washington and since that time Schwartz, Knab, Barber and others have noticed the same occurrence but apparently nothing has appeared in print. Three other species of adult .-Inthicus were found in com- pany with hcroicHs: A. duel us Say, A. pithcscens Laf. and A. ccrt'inus Laf. No larvae of any of these were discovered however. Congratulations to Dr. L. O. Howard. The daily papers of June 13 reported that Dr. L. O. Howard was awarded for 1931 a gold medal and $5000 for disti